An adaptive allocation sampling design for which the conventional stratified estimator is an appropriate estimator

Adaptive allocations in stratified sampling design are suitable for studying Biological and Environmental populations. Biologists tend to use the conventional stratified estimator for an adaptive allocation sampling design in spite of its adaptive nature. In this paper, we have introduced an adaptive allocation sampling design for which the conventional stratified estimator has some desired statistical properties. We conduct a simulation study on a real population. The results show that the conventional stratified estimator for the introduced adaptive allocation sampling design is more efficient than other available estimators.     

A note on estimating the false discovery rate under mixture model

In this note, we focus on estimating the false discovery rate (FDR) of a multiple testing method with a common, non-random rejection threshold under a mixture model. We develop a new class of estimates of the FDR and prove that it is less conservatively biased than what is traditionally used. Numerical evidence is presented to show that the mean squared error (MSE) is also often smaller for the present class of estimates, especially in small-scale multiple testings. A similar class of estimates of the positive false discovery rate (pFDR) less conservatively biased than what is usually used is then proposed. When modified using our estimate of the pFDR and applied to a gene-expression data, Storey's q-value method identifies a few more significant genes than his original q-value method at certain thresholds. The BH like method developed by thresholding our estimate of the FDR is shown to control the FDR in situations where the p  -values have the same dependence structure as required by the BH method and, for lack of information about the proportion _π0${\pi }_0$ of true null hypotheses, it is reasonable to assume that _π0${\pi }_0$ is uniformly distributed over (0,1).     

Re-parameterization of multinomial distributions and diversity indices

It is shown in this paper that the parameters of a multinomial distribution may be re-parameterized as a set of generalized Simpson's diversity indices. There are two important elements in the generalization: (1) Simpson's diversity index is extended to populations with infinite species; (2) weighting schemes are incorporated. A class of unbiased estimators for the generalized Simpson's biodiversity indices is proposed. Asymptotic normality is established for the estimators. Both the unbiasedness and the asymptotic normality of the estimators hold for all three cases of the number of species in the population: infinite, finite and known, and finite but unknown. In the case of a population with a finite number of species, known or unknown, it is also established that the proposed estimators are uniformly minimum variance unbiased and are asymptotically efficient.     

The failure of meta-analytic asymptotics for the seemingly efficient estimator of the common risk difference

We consider the case of a multicenter trial in which the center specific sample sizes are potentially small. Under homogeneity, the conventional procedure is to pool information using a weighted estimator where the weights used are inverse estimated center-specific variances. Whereas this procedure is efficient for conventional asymptotics (e. g. center-specific sample sizes become large, number of center fixed), it is commonly believed that the efficiency of this estimator holds true also for meta-analytic asymptotics (e.g. center-specific sample size bounded, potentially small, and number of centers large). In this contribution we demonstrate that this estimator fails to be efficient. In fact, it shows a persistent bias with increasing number of centers showing that it isnot meta-consistent. In addition, we show that the Cochran and Mantel-Haenszel weighted estimators are meta-consistent and, in more generality, provide conditions on the weights such that the associated weighted estimator is meta-consistent.     

Discovering influential cases in linear regression with MINITAB: Peeking into multidimensions with a MINITAB macro

Various diagnostic statistics have been proposed to help identify cases that markedly affect, or influence, the features of a fitted linear regression model. Once influential cases are found, decisions can be made regarding their worth in the model building process. Since a subject data set may contain both singly influential cases and influential multiple case subsets, the capability to assess the joint influence of cases is needed for a complete analysis. The aim of this work is to briefly review Cook’s distance measure for multiple cases, an effective diagnostic for this purpose, and present a method using it to search for influential multiple case subsets. The method is applied in two example analyses by way of a MINITAB Statistical Software macro.     

从《鄂豫边区民运工作史》看党的群众工作

《鄂豫边区民运工作史》反映出的中国共产党群众路线的组织形式、工作方法、实现路径等,体现了群众路线的具体性,对当今中国特色的社会主义建设事业有着重要的启迪和借鉴作用。     

论上海高校辅导员核心价值取向内化机制的构建

要提高上海高校辅导员队伍的职业化、专业化水平,内化＂矢志忠诚,立德树人,敬业爱生,明理笃行＂的上海高校辅导员核心价值取向是关键。要构建完善的内化机制,必须结合辅导员队伍特点,通过构建认知机制、认同机制、践行机制和固化机制,深化辅导员对核心价值取向的认识,并转化为辅导员的思想观念和行为习惯。     

论沈从文的民族志书写

沈从文文学创作和文化书写活动的文本包括两个方面,一是表达文化思考的文学文本,二是用文学手段写成的文化文本,即民族志文本;二者共同指向对湘西及现代都市的文化思考,两类文本都具有比较鲜明的民族志特征。沈从文民族志书写特征的形成原因在于其在跨文化生活经历中形成的相对主义文化思想以及与文化的内外部视域的结合,这是沈从文在表达活动中自觉地进行文体实验的必然结果。沈从文文学创作中的民族志特征与民族志写作中的诗学特征的结合是沈从文文化思想、审美思想与艺术思想及其表达在中国现代独立特行的重要原因。     

承前启后之共和国初年的高师改造

新中国成立之初,基于现实的需要和历史的经验教训,主张发展教育、师资先行,特别是高师教育最为重要,故而在各大行政区各设立一所师范大学,这与近代教育先贤苦苦推行的"高师教育分区制"暗合,同时还提出地方上也应建立师范教育机关。为了实现这一宏伟的计划,在"院系调整"中,不仅撤销了大学教育学院,还撤销了部分普通大学,着力改建师范学院。经此改革,高师教育也结束了此前动荡的前五十年史,迎来了新的发展契机。但旧有观念和认识的消退,绝非朝夕之事,社会舆论包括学界仍旧怀疑是否需要独立的高师教育,教育部对此持开放态度,让双方相互辩论,结果真理越辩越明——中国需要独立的高师教育,由此获得了稳定的后五十年史,直到新世纪前夕教育体制改革,变更了师资培养的方式。立国之初的改革,可谓承前启后之功。     

传承和弘扬:瑶族习惯法在人民调解中的运用——以广西金秀一起相邻排水纠纷的调解为例

中国现行的人民调解制度,是继承和发扬中国民间调解的历史传统,在实践中不断完善和发展起来的一项具有中国特色的、重要的法律制度。2008年4月广西金秀瑶族自治县金秀镇司法所、人民调解委员会在一起相邻排水纠纷调解过程中,借鉴瑶族传统的纠纷处理习惯法,吸纳瑶族固有习惯法的现代价值,圆满地解决村民之间的冲突,取得了较好的社会效果。这表明瑶族习惯法在当代中国纠纷解决中是有现实意义的。