Deaf access to justice in Northern Ireland: rethinking ‘Reasonable Adjustment’ in the Disability Discrimination Act

Abstract

This article provides findings of a qualitative study exploring the interactions of eight Deaf participants and one hearing ally with the justice system in Northern Ireland, where the Disability Discrimination Act requires solicitors to make ‘reasonable adjustments’ in order to provide effective access to Deaf clients. Three thematic categories emerged: (a) barriers to accessing justice, (b) work Deaf people do for access, and (c) the need to educate solicitors about access. A central strain ran through these themes: the idea that ‘reasonable adjustment’ must reflect the value of sign language interpreters in facilitating effective communication access for all the parties.     

超越“范式”：国际问题研究的路径探微

当代国际政治理论的发展演变表现出一种对国际政治现象进行多重视角、多种层次研究的趋势,它给予人们的一个重要启示就是,没有一种能够解释一切的理论。但反过来说,不同的理论针对不同的对象也具有各不相同的解释力。我们必须认识到任何单一的理论都不可能解释国家对外行为的全部复杂性,必须提出一种综合的分析框架,结合现实主义、自由主义和建构主义各自精到的阐述,从历史、经济、政治、文化的视角来进行阐述和分析。     

《鼎峙春秋》研究综述

直接研究《鼎峙春秋》的没有论著,没有硕、博论文,单篇论文也只有两篇。戏曲史对《鼎峙春秋》的来源有所涉及,但都相互沿用;《鼎峙春秋》对皮黄戏的影响已经被注意到,亦还没有深入;对《鼎峙春秋》的文本研究尚无前例;对《鼎峙春秋》的表演研究少有涉及;全面地研究《鼎峙春秋》尚属空白。     

20世纪前半期杨成志西南民族研究述论

西南民族调查与研究是20世纪前半期中国学术的一大热点,杨成志从1928年的滇川调查开始,致力于西南民族研究,两度出洋留学考察,博采欧美学术,并以中山大学为依托,训练出一批研究西南民族的杰出人才,中山大学因而成为西南民族研究的重镇,杨成志也成为西南民族调查与研究的先驱。     

The praxis of ethnic studies: transforming second sight into critical consciousness

This article focuses on a youth participatory action research (YPAR) program called the Social Justice Education Project (SJEP) that fostered young people of color’s critical consciousness. Their critical consciousness emerged through praxis (reflection/action) while focusing on preserving ethnic studies in Tucson, Arizona. Because the SJEP home was in ethnic studies, the youth also struggled to keep their program alive. The Arizona Department of Education claimed the program bred ‘radicals’ who wanted to overthrow the government and therefore lobbied the state legislature to ban K-12 ethnic studies in public schools. In January 2012, the ban went into effect, shutting down ethnic studies classes as well as the SJEP. Young people’s qualitative research on their struggle led to action to save the education that gave them hope for a more equitable and just world. The article addresses the praxis of YPAR, which sparks a thought process leading to the drive to take action. Observing and documenting educational injustices inspire the need to seek radical change of Self and schools. Through the reflection and action facilitated by YPAR, young people of color construct a message about the importance of ethnic studies for individual as well as social transformation.     

“But I’m not a racist!” Phenomenology,racism, and the body schema in white,pre-service teacher education

In this article, I call for a phenomenological turn in educating white, pre-service teachers. As opposed to dominant pedagogical models which focus on changing one’s beliefs about race, phenomenology points toward the importance of pre-conceptual, pre-critical forms of racial embodiment. Here I draw upon recent work on the different between body image (beliefs about the body) and body schema (what the body can do). The worry is that existing forms of anti-oppressive education miss the centrality of the schema, and thus do not go far enough in uncovering the embodied, perceptual roots of racism.     

郭璞注《水经》考释

东晋著名博物学家郭璞,曾为《水经》一书做过注解。从《隋书·经籍志》至《四库全书总目》,各正史“艺文志”及目录书、典志史中皆有明确记载。现存郦道元《水经注》中,也保留了郭璞注的部分内容。郭璞广泛的游历、渊博的学识以及他渴盼祖国南北统一的志向,是他注释《水经》的动力源泉。     

彝族漆器企业发展情况调查与研究

彝族漆器髹饰技艺及其文化因其传承历史悠久、技艺精湛、实用性强而受到人们的青睐。但是随着现代工艺的发展,彝族漆器工艺与企业发展面临着一些发展的难题：漆器产品成本高、销售难;漆器髹饰原料失真;产品开发创新不够;营销方式落后;从业人员文化素质低等。对此,政府应高度重视和帮扶彝族漆器工艺与企业发展,成立彝族漆器研究机构,对彝族漆器进行创新与改革,拓展营销手段和方法,建立一批高水平的现化代漆器工厂。     

从中西比较的视角论说中国古代宗教信仰与历史的关系

宗教的起源和发展一直是古史研究的重要课题之一。北京师范大学历史学院的古史研究者对古代的宗教与社会问题进行了长期探索,这里发表的五篇文章分别表达了研究者在这个问题上的见解:刘家和认为,比较研究还应继续做同中察异的工作,就宗教与历史之关系而言,中国的三代与古代希腊、罗马本来各不相同;但不论前者的邦国,还是后者的城邦,都有自己的守护之神,这点又是相同的;可是在此之上,前者还有天或皇天上帝,后者则无,原因之一是由于前者在地上有最高的天下共主,而后者则无。杨共乐认为,敬重神灵,墨守礼仪,以敬神束缚民众,以礼仪统一思想,是罗马早期宗教具有的明显的目的性;敬仰民族神明,宽容外邦神灵,又使罗马的宗教传统具有鲜明的独特性和开放性;早期罗马的宗教传统是多神崇拜但有秩序,宽容外神但有原则,主要表现在新的外神从未渗透到罗马旧有宗教的核心,后者一直保持着主导地位。刘林海指出,基督教最初并非罗马的唯一选择,其优势是在历史过程中逐步确立的;罗马传统宗教自我更新的失败则把基督教推向了国教的地位。蒋重跃对《新约》的道德金规则与《论语》的忠恕思想做了比较研究,认为两者都主张博爱。但《新约》的金规则只有肯定式的表达,因为基督教的博爱来自上帝,上帝是无限的,上帝的爱也要无限地向外推出去;《论语》的忠恕思想则既有肯定式,也有否定式的表达,由于儒家的博爱来自人自身,人是有限的,所以人类之爱既可向外推出去,又要向内加以限制。这是二者最根本的差异。王献华在分析雅各布森的相关作品的基础上认为,对早期两河流域宗教的研究和对早期两河流域社会与文化的历史研究必须是合二为一的学术进程;在早期两河流域宗教研究中,神灵史的路径可以认为是下一阶段的学术方向。     

日本“江户锁国论”质疑

“江户锁国论”在日本史学界流传已久 ,然而这种表述并不符合历史事实。江户幕府“锁国”的目标仅仅在于铲除危害其统治的天主教信仰。关于德川幕府的禁书政策是“锁国体制”下全面抵制西洋文化的重要一环的说法也是一种误解。历史事实是 ,在江户时代 ,除与天主教有关的汉译西书 4 8种之外 ,有关西方的书籍大量流入日本 ,从而促发了日本人学习西方近代科学和社会思想的兰学运动。江户时代 ,除抵制天主教之外 ,不但没有割断与世界的联系 ,而且吸收了大量的西方近代文化。“江户锁国论”的传统认识影响了人们对江户时代整体评价的客观性