外资法的选择:南非改革《投资保护法案》

国际投资体系正在遭遇危机,越来越多的国家开始质疑双边投资协定提供的投资者保护制度是否确实有益于增加投资的流动,全球多个国家正在审慎地进行外国投资法的改革。基于此,文章以南非的实践为现实起点,通过概述南非投资保护制度变革的缘由以及深入剖析《投资保护法案》的立法意图,阐明其以国内立法维护公共利益监管权力的法律选择,旨在“一带一路”背景下,为远赴南非的中国投资者提供法律风险的预判,揭示外资法变革对于中国投资者可能产生的影响。对于南非建立新的投资保护制度,其将面临的挑战是如何维持稳定、可预测的投资环境与实现投资保护改革的若干目标之间的平衡。      

加强监督管理搞好高校物资采购工作

高校的物资采购工作，是事关高校建设和发展的重要工作。文章从加强党风廉政建设的高度，结合工作实际，对如何实施物资采购的监督与管理，提高资金的使用效益，杜绝不规范操作，提出了一些行之有效的措施和办法。     

论《村民委员会组织法》中的自治与民主

《村民委员会组织法》没有规定行政村的公法人地位,没有规定专属于行政村的、与国家事务相区别的村务,赋予行政村的法律手段、人员手段和物质手段均不足,而且规定了国家机构对村权力过多的干预权,这些都影响了真正的村自治。在村民民主的规定上,一方面规定了公社式的直接民主制,一方面又规定了与公社民主相冲突的分散式经济制度和家长式的管理模式,对各村组织的权力规定也非常不协调。     

Navigating health care: brokerage and access for undocumented Latino immigrants under the 2010 Affordable Care Act

ABSTRACT

Brokerage is a prominent mechanism that explains access for Latino immigrants to many American institutions. However, few studies examine the dual nature of brokerage in answering questions on access to health care for undocumented Latino immigrants. The growing importance of Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and ethnic navigators connecting immigrants to health care under the 2010 Affordable Care Act calls attention to the duality of brokers and its role in access. The study draws from 44 in-depth interviews with providers, clinic directors, navigators, and immigrant patients and two years of fieldwork in FQHCs in California’s San Francisco Bay Area (2011–2013). Results show that brokers enable access through coaching and myth-busting but they also hinder it through scrutiny and bureaucratic filtering. The widespread dependence on brokerage, I argue, leads to ersatz brokerage, such as when providers navigate the health-care system for the undocumented without the appropriate linguistic resources or coordination. Furthermore, the study shows that the duality in brokerage generates misinformation, churning, and alienation. Understanding the relational processes that both include and exclude vulnerable populations from needed services enhances theories of immigrant integration and can help design more efficient policies and address inequalities related to documentation status.     

论美国文官制度的三项基本原则--从1883年《彭德尔顿法》谈起

1883年美国国会通过的<彭德尔顿法>,在借鉴英国文官制度的基础上,第一次确立了联邦政府人事管理的三项原则:竞争考试、职务常任和政治中立,并将上述三项原则法制化与制度化,成为美国文官制度的基本原则.这既反映出美国文官制度与英国文官制度的传承性,同时也揭示出美国文官制度的独特性.     

我国学位授予权权能法理研究

学位授予的特点决定学位授予权是一种行政权力与学术权力共同作用的行政权。论文答辩委员会是相对独立的第三方,只对论文质量负责,学位评定委员会与论文答辩委员会是专业评价的委托关系。学位评定委员会把专属于自己的学位评定权力让渡给了学位评定分委员会,两者地位相等,责权一致,不存在隶属或者领导与被领导关系。“经全体成员过半数通过”是以所有委员为计算依据,而不是实到委员的投票数为依据。学位评定过程中不应投弃权票,或者通过技术设计避免弃权票难题,在计票时弃权票不应计算了总票数之内。司法介入学位评定有其必要性,但司法审查仅限除纯学术评价内容之外的其他事项,还应允许学位申请人通过多种途径进行救济。     

Evaluating New Zealand’s restorative promise: the impact of legislative design on the practice of restorative justice

ABSTRACT

Restorative justice is regarded in modern criminal justice systems as one approach to address inadequacies in the conventional justice model. New Zealand has become a leader in implementing legislatively mandated restorative procedures. This reputation is due in part to a handful of supportive statutes: the Sentencing Act 2002, the Victims’ Rights Act 2002, the Parole Act 2002, the Corrections Act 2004 and subsequent amendments to those acts. In this article, I evaluate the practices bolstered by these acts and how effectively they operate, accounting for how legislative design may contribute to achievements and shortcomings in New Zealand's restorative justice programmes. I supplement the results by comparing New Zealand's efforts to those in Vermont, a U.S. state similarly well-regarded for its restorative policies. The evaluation of each jurisdiction's restorative justice programme is based on metrics for restorative success from Bazemore and Schiff (2005. Juvenile justice reform and restorative justice: building theory and policy from practice. Cullompton: Willan Publishing). I employ qualitative and quantitative data, surveying existing evaluations of restorative justice in New Zealand and Vermont, collecting longitudinal statistics, and conducting interviews with restorative justice practitioners. Overall, this analysis reveals that the design of restorative justice programmes requires negotiation; it is difficult to balance the dimensions of effective restorative justice with the needs of modern justice systems.     

Street Violence against Women in India: Mapping Prevention Strategies

Street violence against women (SVAW) in India is highly under researched. This article aims to understand the contextual factors responsible for the occurrence of SVAW in five cities of North‐east India: Agartala, Kohima, Imphal, Shillong, and Guwahati. The aftermath of an horrific gang rape and the subsequent death of a 23‐year‐old woman in a moving bus in New Delhi in December 2012 served as a wake‐up call for the Government of India (GOI), augmenting the need to understand the issues of SVAW. On December 23, 2012, the GOI constituted the Justice Verma Committee (JVC) who prepared a 630‐page report, submitted to the Prime Minister of India, which identified “failure of governance” as the central cause of SVAW. Based on some of the recommendations of the JVC report, the GOI passed the Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2013. Drawing upon semi‐structured interviews from qualitative research in combination with a questionnaire survey, this research aims to understand the factors that allow SVAW to persist. Using recommendations of the JVC report and the Justice Usha Mehra Commission, the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 , as well as research findings, this article is an attempt to inform prevention strategies aimed at escalating the safety of women in public spaces of the study region.     

Change IS Possible: Reducing High-Risk Drinking Using a Collaborative Improvement Model

Abstract

Objective: To describe the adoption of public health and improvement methodologies to address college students’ high-risk drinking behaviors and to aid in prevention efforts. Participants: Members of 32 colleges and universities, content experts, and staff members of the National College Health Improvement Program (NCHIP). Methods: A 2-year learning collaborative developed by NCHIP trained individuals from 32 different college and universities in using the Plan–Do–Study–Act cycle as a method to create and implement initiatives aimed at reducing students’ high-risk drinking behaviors and related harms. Results: Participants experienced success ranging from noteworthy increases in type and amount of interventions directed at reducing high-risk drinking, to creating collaboratives across campus, the local community, and stakeholders. Challenges related to data collection and creating lasting cultural change remain. Conclusions: The use of quality improvement methodologies and creation of a national collaborative successfully effected meaningful change in high-risk drinking behaviors on college campuses.     

Lesbian and gay men’s perceptions of their local area agency on aging

This article reviews data from a qualitative study of lesbians and gay men about engagement with their local Area Agency on Aging (AAA). Findings include lack of knowledge about the local AAA, feelings of exclusion, and the need for better outreach. It is important that AAAs engage their local lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) elders, as data show they are at higher risk for aging alone and can often harbor mistrust of formal services due to lifetimes of discrimination. Suggestions on where AAAs can find training and resources on reaching out to the LGBT older adult community and implications for the profession of social work are provided.