A generalized framework of sampling inspections by attributes

This paper tries to establish a framework for sampling inspections by attributes based on soft quality standards to pay more attention to some shortcomings in classical modelling concerning the acceptability of inspection lots. As a suggestion, such sampling inspections are described in terms of a statistical test with fuzzy hypothesis and fuzzy data, extending the classical framework of sampling inspections by attributes. Furthermore, the operating characteristics will be explored, and single sampling plans of given strength are investigated.     

Developing emotional intelligence through workplace learning: Findings from a case study in healthcare

This study of UK and US lone parents with sole care-giving responsibility for dependants (children, ageing parents, grandparents, etc.) focused on the influence, if any, this responsibility has on her/his ability to give 'total commitment' to their work/career. One hundred and thirty-four lone parents participated in the survey. Gender distribution was 64 per cent female, 36 per cent male. Country of residence was 25 per cent UK, 75 per cent US. Females report greater past than present hindrance to their careers (48 per cent past, 33 per cent present). Similarly situated males report career hindrance as 18 per cent past, 21 per cent present. Lone parents in the UK appear to be more negatively impacted upon in their job careers by their care-giving responsibility than their counterparts in the US and would also appear to be more concerned about their economic and emotional future. This survey confirms that care-giving responsibilities can limit the realization of employment potential for either female or male. Care-giving responsibilities, rather than gender or race, may be the glass ceiling of the new millennium.     

Between Activation and Supporting Women – Alternative Operation of Welfare‐to‐work Programmes

With the emergence of activation policies, researchers are intrigued by the extent to which welfare‐to‐work (WTW) programmes reflect the ideological orientation of policymakers, while leaving the ideological orientation of their operators unexamined. This aspect may be of particular importance when women's non‐governmental organizations operate non‐coercive WTW programmes. Directing attention to the contribution of the operator, we ask how women who operate these programmes distinguish between the feminist goal of increasing women's independent access to material resources, and the activation rhetoric of ‘work first’. Moreover, as not enough is known about how participants benefit from the incongruence between the feminist discourse and the activation one, scholarship contemplating women's resistance to WTW programmes remains focused on specific welfare histories, and this form of feminist work remains neglected. The importance of the specific operators and the policy implications of the benefits of feminist operation of WTW programmes receive attention in the study reported on herein. We used a non‐coercive activation programme operated by a feminist organization in Israel (among other operators) as an opportunity to deepen our understanding of how programme trainers voice their position between feminism and activation discourse, and how their form of speech enables participants to insist on decent employment as a policy issue. Implications for policy are discussed.     

Analytic evaluation of the expectation and variance of different performance measures of a schedule on a single machine under processing time variability

In this paper, we present closed-form expressions, wherever possible, or devise algorithms otherwise, to determine the expectation and variance of a given schedule on a single machine. We consider a variety of completion time and due date-based objectives. The randomness in the scheduling process is due to variable processing times with known means and variances of jobs and, in some cases, a known underlying processing time distribution. The results that we present in this paper can enable evaluation of a schedule in terms of both the expectation and variance of a performance measure considered, and thereby, aid in obtaining a stable schedule. Additionally, the expressions and algorithms that are presented, can be incorporated in existing scheduling algorithms in order to determine expectation-variance efficient schedules.     

关于母语思维在日语专业教学中的作用

在外语教学中一直有人提倡采用直接教学法,创造完全的外语环境,消除汉语的影响,强制学生用外语思维.一些从事外语教学的教师也试图通过单语教学引导学生用外语思维,但是长期的实践结果证明,这种教学方法效果并不理想,在国外也渐渐地不受推崇.笔者通过问卷调查发现日语专业的学生在学习日语过程中,大多依靠母语思维,对于零起点的日语专业学生来说,完全使用日语教学的方法是不现实的,也是不科学的.母语思维在日语专业教学中起着重要的作用.     

博弈视角下制造商和零售商知识共享研究

本文从博弈论的角度研究了单一制造商和多个零售商之间的合作与非合作博弈问题。研究结果表明:制造商和零售商之间的知识共享机制具有内在不稳定性;制造商和零售商都会陷入"囚徒困境",而制造商的成本补贴激励政策无法解决该问题。在上述分析的基础上,本文提出通过合理控制供应链中参与知识共享企业的数量,建立共享平台,培育共享文化等策略提高制造商与零售商知识共享。     

生育政策调整对陕西省人口年龄结构的影响研究

为测定生育政策调整对陕西省人口年龄结构的影响,本文选择四种方案进行模拟分析。结果表明:2010—2080年间陕西省人口年龄结构将面临着劳动人口供给量大幅下降和老年抚养比快速增长两大难题;生育政策的调节方案均能在一定程度上缓解上述两大问题的问题;其中从现在起实行"父母中一方是独生子女的家庭可生育两个孩子"的调节效果最佳。     

Thanks for nothing: Income and labor force participation for never-married mothers since 1982

We examine the changing social and economic characteristics of women who give birth out of wedlock. Using Current Population Survey data collected between 1982 and 2002, we find that never-married mothers remain impoverished. Their income growth over these years was modest despite substantial gains in education, employment, and other individual characteristics generally associated with prosperity. These results affirm the ongoing role of family structure in shaping American inequality.     

文章化——才子佳人小说程式化的内在原因

文章化是才子佳人小说程式化的内在原因,小说作者在框架结构、人物设置和情节设计上多采用八股文的文法,使得才子佳人小说在叙事模式上呈现出千篇一律的程式化现象。这一现象启示我们在研究中国古典小说时要充分注意其与中国文章传统的关系,避免单一使用西方小说理论来研究中国古典小说。     

机动车单车事故情形下的保险金给付责任——驾驶员被自己所停车辆溜压致死之情形

机动车单车事故乃指无加害人存在之机动车事故.在我国,由于机动车对人赔偿保险均采用责任保险方式,保险人给付保险金的前提乃被保险人承担损害赔偿责任,因此单车事故受害人无法得到保险保障.驾驶员被自己所停车辆溜压致死的为典型的单车事故,虽然受害人属于条款所约定的"第三者",但判断保险人是否承担责任时必须明确相关保险条款的制定目的及其相互间的内在逻辑关系,不能忽视任何一款规定之应有法律规范作用,在立法论的制度设计上需给予单车事故受害人应有的保护.