大学生创业恐惧心理现状及对策

大学生对待创业的态度是积极的,但是大多数学生没有进行创业实践。创业恐惧心理已经成为阻碍大学生进行自主创业实践的重要因素。大学生创业成功率低、缺乏对自身创业能力的客观评估、缺少有效的创业支持系统和缺失宽松的创业环境等原因导致了大学生创业恐惧心理的产生。高校要以培育创新创业精神为理念,实施大学生创业教育;通过鼓励大学生参与创业计划大赛,积累实战经验。社会要以政府社会力量为依托,建立大学生创业保障体系;建立进取包容的创业文化,优化大学生创业环境。     

大学生与务工返乡青年农村创业刍议

改革开放尤其是党的十六大以来,我国农村经济社会建设在取得显著成就的同时,城乡失衡的矛盾和问题在某些方面也日益突出。如何统筹城乡发展,缩小区域差距成为“十二五”时期重大攻坚课题。立足农村发展实际,对大学生与务工返乡青年农村创业进行相关研究有历史和现实意义,大学生和务工返乡青年创业竞合将成为农村经济社会发展的强劲动力源,是当前统筹城乡发展有效的途径之一。     

社会性别视域下高校美女文化现象解析

高校美女文化面临着泛化的倾向。造成这种现象的深层次原因与市场经济中女性地位的衰落直接相关。而高校社会性别教育的缺失削弱了女性的独立意识,大众文化的勃兴则强化着社会性别的刻板印象。高校美女文化的泛滥弱化了女大学生独立意识的形成,造成社会资源的浪费．也加剧了社会文化中男女不平等的局面,促使女性向传统价值观回归。为了重塑高校社会性别平等文化,应该使社会性别意识纳入政府决策主流,推动社会性别平等教育进入高等教学体系并实现学科建设主流化,培养大众传媒的社会性别意识。     

Gap and Integration - Volunteer Service for Western China and College Students＇ Growth

大学生志愿服务西部计划的目的之一是大学生通过奉献社会来实：观个人成长。他们能否真正地成为当地社会中的一员,是实现这一目的的关键。在异文化环境之中,想短时间内成为其中一员并非易事,因为有一道浅浅的沟壑存在于青年文化与当地文化、当地人与外来人、青年人与长辈之间。为实现志愿服务效果的最大化,西部志愿者应该积极主动地融入当地社会．当地社会应对他们抱持开放的态度,他们与当地长辈之间应该展开对话,他们更应该战胜和超越自我。     

Increasing Competency,Self-Confidence,and Connectedness Among Foster Care Alumni Entering a 4-Year University: Findings from an Early-Start Program

Research shows that few foster care alumni enroll and complete post-secondary education. For those who do enroll, many experience challenges associated with academic and social adjustment and are at risk of dropping out. Many college-based programs are being developed and are available to foster care alumni to support them during their post-secondary education. This study used pre-tests, post-tests, and journal entries of seventeen participants to evaluate a strengths-based, resilience-oriented early-start program for newly enrolled students at a large public university that provides knowledge about the institution, resources (e.g., tutoring), and social support necessary for foster care alumni to make a smooth transition into college life and to increase short and long-term student success. Quantitative and qualitative findings indicate that students who participated in the early-start program showed increased confidence and competency in academic and social adjustment. Findings also showed personal growth (e.g., building resiliency) and an increased connectedness among students who participated in the program. Study findings can inform the development of new on-campus support programs and help enhance existing programming. Future research should address short and long-term outcomes and experiences of students who are former foster youth who have participated in on-campus support programs.     

普通高校艺术教育的现状与对策研究

普通高校艺术教育是学校美育的重要内容,艺术教育的好坏直接影响到学校素质教育的发展与提高.本文从艺术教育概念和要求入手,分析当前普通高校艺术教育存在的问题,提出了相应的对策.     

浅谈工科类高校大学英语语音教学

工科类高校大学英语语音教学主要包括：语调与传意,语音知识和单词拼写,语音、构词法和语法,语音、阅读和文化。针对工科类高校大学英语语音教学所面临的问题,可以在课时设置、教学方法及手段、考核办法等方面进行改革,并改进语音教学的跨域性问题,使之与听力、阅读、文学等内容结合。     

高职院校学生的生育道德观现状与实证研究

研究分别以分层丛集式问卷与子女价值量表对24岁以下的高职学生进行生育道德观的实证分析,旨在探讨生育道德观与未来希望生育子女数及生育挟择的整体关系。结果发现：高职学生以“权力成就”、“亲密情感”、“家庭愉悦”为最主要的认同层面;生育道德观因性剐、交友情况、父母教育程度等成长经验的不同而有所差异;生育道德观中“生育价值”、“生育代价”、“生育挟择”因素对未来希望生育子女数有一定程度的预测力。     

The role of social and cognitive factors in individual gambling: An empirical study on college students

Most of the studies on the determinants of individual gambling behaviour rely on cognitive theories. In our study, we argue that, besides cognitive factors, several social factors might play an important role as well. We analyse data from an ad hoc webmail survey conducted on about 2000 undergraduate students enrolled in a large public university in the Northern Italy in the academic year 2012–13. Using a variety of statistical techniques (standard regression models, boosted regression trees and structural equations models), we show that social variables affect both participation in gambling in the past year and latent gambling propensity. In particular, controlling for several proxies for individual cognitive ability and understanding of probability, gambling propensity is positively affected by the degree of gambling in the social surrounding (parents, peers, neighbourhood) and the acceptability of gambling activities to the individual. Moreover, in our sample of college students the role of social factors appears to be larger than that of cognitive factors, and this is consistent across different types of models and specifications.     

Same-Sex Sexuality and Educational Attainment: The Pathway to College

Research finds lower levels of academic performance among sexual minority high school students, but some studies suggest sexual minorities have higher levels of educational attainment in adulthood. To further our understanding of how and why sexual orientation is associated with educational success, this study turns attention to the pathways to college completion, examining points along educational trajectories in which sexual minorities fall behind or surpass their heterosexual peers. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we find that sexual minority women are less likely than women with no same-sex sexuality to complete college, in part due to their high school performance and transition into college. Men who experience same-sex sexuality only in adolescence struggle in high school, but men who experience same-sex sexuality for the first time in adulthood are more likely to earn a college degree than men who do not experience same-sex sexuality.