《西游记》道教评点本再解读

清代先后出现过六家以金丹之道评点小说《西游记》的评点本,六家评点本有一个清晰的发展过程。指出道教内丹修炼的要旨,批驳内丹学之外的一切旁门左道,借助五行和《易经》的义理和卦象阐释金丹之道,这构成了《西游记》道教评点本的主要内容。《西游记》小说回目和文本中大量的宗教术语和诗词,是评点者以宗教眼光看待和评点《西游记》的最表层化的因素;中国文人以文证道的思维模式,是更为深入的内在原因;评点者身份的改变及其思维的进一步道教化、非文学化,是《西游记》评本道教化的内在动力;《西游记》道教评点本对内丹学的阐释也是清代道教总体衰微、而内丹学却特盛的体现。     

“以儒诠经”文本中伊斯兰教中国化义理辑录与解读

"以儒诠经"是明清时期伊斯兰教中国化的重要标志,辑录与解读"以儒诠经"文本中伊斯兰教中国化义理,有助于更好地了解明清时期中国伊斯兰教界眼中的伊斯兰教中国化。"以儒诠经"文本对伊斯兰教中国化应包含的内容、如何践行伊斯兰教中国化提出了若干真知灼见,许多见解与当今倡导的伊斯兰教中国化若干内容相吻合。     

关于我国权力机关行政法制监督的思考

行政法制监督作为一种法律制度,是依法行政和行政法制化的重要内容。权力机关作为国家行政法制监督的主体,其对行政的监督是行政法制监督的重要方面。我国的权力机关是指全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。它在我国现行的行政法制监督中发挥着巨大作用,但随着社会主义民主法制的运行和市场经济的发展,权力机关的行政法制监督也呈现出不足和弊端。     

廖平经学思想研究述评

20世纪80年代以来,对廖平经学思想的研究在前人的基础上取得了可喜的成果.对廖平经学思想的研究主要集中在对廖平经学六变的学术道路及其变因的研究上.在这方面取得了一些共识,但也有一些不同的观点.另外,关于廖平和康有为经学思想师承关系的研究也是一个热点问题.在这方面出现的研究成果使这一问题越来越明朗,但真正解决仍需时日.只有从社会历史发展的时代特征与学术主体的思想相结合的角度来重新评价廖平的经学思想,我们对廖平的经学思想的认识才会更为客观和全面.     

南京国民政府公务员考选制度的近代化意义

南京国民政府公务员考选制度是中国历史上第一个准现代化的人事考试制度,考选人才方面既吸收了古代考试的公平精神又采纳了西方文官考试的先进理念,具备了近代化的特征。从人才的选拔看具备了公平性,但体制的缺陷使其任用的成效不尽人意,阻碍了它近代化的进程。     

关于做好电视成就报道的思考

文章着重探讨了电视成就报道的创新方法,在理念上提出以个性化的受众为中心、结合电视传播特点、贴近工作实际;具体方法上则提出以四个方面为突破口,即:通过个人化的视角,贴近生活;用理性思维诠释热点;用情节化的叙述,加深人们的理解;调动多种电视表现手段,增强视觉冲击力.     

司法工作人员参与无身份者实施真正身份犯的共犯成立类型研究

根据共犯处罚的根据论中的修正惹起说,以及对实行行为的实质理解,在司法工作人员参与无身份者实施以司法工作人员身分作为构成要素的真正身份犯时,司法工作人员只能构成间接正犯,而不能构成教唆犯。而无身份者只能构成帮助犯,不能构成实行犯。     

西部少数民族地区依法治理工作机构的困惑与完善

依法治国是一项伟大的社会系统工程,依法治理是依法治国的具体化。本文结合西部少数民族地区依法治理工作机构的实际情况,提出应当将工作机构实体化、工作职责法定化、工作程序规范化、法律责任完备化,才能真正促进依法治理工作的进一步发展。     

Payment by results in international development: Evidence from the first decade

Payment by results is a relatively new way of giving development aid, where a recipient's performance against pre‐agreed measures determines the amount of aid they receive. Advocates for the mechanism argue it provides donors with both a ready justification for maintaining aid budgets and better results through innovation and autonomy. It has proved popular, with most bilateral aid donors having at least experimented with the mechanism and the variety of measures stretching from individual health workers being paid for each procedure, to national governments being paid for students' test scores. However, there has not been a robust assessment of whether Payment By Results (PbR) achieves its aims for greater effectiveness. I synthesize the evidence from eight projects fully or partially funded by DFID, the recognized world leader on PbR. This represents the best evidence currently available, and is critically analysed using the leading theoretical framework that breaks each agreement into its constituent parts. I find no evidence that PbR leads to fundamentally more innovation or autonomy, with the overall range of success and failure broadly similar to other aid projects. This may partly be due to the current use of Payment by Results, with no readily identifiable examples of projects that truly meet the idealized PbR designs. Advocates of PbR may thus conclude the idea is yet to be tested. I argue PbR does not deal with the fundamental constraints that donors face, and so it is unsurprising that PbR is subject to the normal pressures that affect all aid spending.     

Getting low educated and older people into work: The role of fiscal policy

Raising employment, in particular employment among older individuals and low educated individuals, stands high on the agenda of policy makers in many OECD countries. Increased sensitivity in recent years to rising inequality has made the challenge only larger. In this paper we evaluate alternative fiscal policy scenarios to face this challenge. We construct and use an overlapping generations model for an open economy where individuals differ not only by age, but also by innate ability and human capital. The model allows us to study effects on aggregate employment, per capita income and welfare, as well as effects for specific age and ability groups. We show that well-considered fiscal policy changes can significantly improve macroeconomic productive efficiency, without increasing intergenerational or intragenerational welfare inequality. Our results strongly prefer a reduction in the labor tax rate on older workers and on all low-wage earners, financed by an overall reduction in non-employment benefits. An alternative financing option is to raise the consumption tax rate. These results are to be seen as long-run effects for economies at potential output.