中古均田制度的农史观察

均田制是中国古代重要的土地制度之一,它的兴起与发展,与中古时代社会变迁与农业发展的宏观背景相联系:均田制与魏晋南北朝时期的民族大迁移、大融合相关联,既是中原既有生产关系与少数民族新型社会形态相结合的产物,也与民族迁徙而引发的农牧结构大调整和农牧技术的大发展密切相关。从这一视角出发亦可见均田制实施与隋唐盛世之联系。     

明代社会世态人情的裸露--《金瓶梅》与明代社会新思潮

明代中叶,随着社会经济经基础的深刻变化,人们的生活方式、精神状态、审美情趣和价值取向也发生了种种变化。产生于明代嘉靖、万历年间的长篇世情小说《金瓶梅》,在对当时社会世态人情的描绘中,已经比较明显地体现了这一时期社会思潮中的某些重要方面:商业活动中社会各阶层对商业利润的趋之若骛,商贾社会地位的提高,以及传统四民关系的转变;两性关系上人们打破了文化传统中那种社会性、伦理性对人的个体心性的禁锢,而表现出对非理性情感和欲求的渴望与追求;服饰上撼动了高压在人性上面等级观念的磐石,表现出一股“去朴从艳”、逾礼越制的社会思潮。     

最少部件数的并联备份问题

如何快速提高系统的可靠度和最少部件数的并联备份问题,一直是系统可靠性问题中的研究热点。该文从系统的任意状态(k1,k2,L,kn)出发,讨论了上述问题,并证明了在子系统可靠度最小的位置上并联相同部件可使系统的可靠度提高最快,同时给出了最优算法和实例验证。     

Social identities and political cleavages: the role of political context

Summary. Using a novel method, the paper investigates the influence of social group identities on attitudes and on voting in a variety of political contexts. Examining the major regions of Britain, Canada and the USA, we find considerable national and regional diversity in the nature of social cleavages. For example, social class and race had widely different effects across societies, but within societies their effects on attitudes and on voting were very similar. However, despite that, age and religion had a similar effect on attitudes across societies; the effects on voting varied considerably. The significant within-country differences underline the importance of using region, rather than country, as the unit of analysis. More importantly, these results highlight the role of political context, especially competing cleavages and the structure of party competition, in the establishment of politically relevant social cleavages.     

增权：受虐待老人社会工作新理念

针对不断增加的虐待老年人这一社会问题,将增权理论及理念运用于老年人社会工作中,结合对老年人受虐待现状和困境的考察与分析,探讨了帮助受虐待老年人维护自身合法权益的有效工作方法。     

中美陪审制度比较研究

通过中美陪审制度在历史、文化传统方面的比较,找出陪审制度发挥不同作用的根源是文章的主旨。美国陪审制深受个人主义文化传统的影响,弥补了法律形式合理性的缺陷,而中国陪审制由于缺乏陪审所需要的历史文化传统和相应的制度,不能有效发挥作用。     

Herd behavior and the quality of opinions

This paper analyzes a decentralized decision model by adding some inertia in the social leaning process. Before making a decision, an agent can observe the group opinion in a society. Social learning can result in a variety of equilibrium behavioral patterns. For insufficient ranges of quality (precision) of opinions, the chosen stationary state is unique and globally accessible, in which all agents adopt the superior action. Sufficient quality of opinions gives rise to multiple stationary states. One of them will be characterized by inefficient herding. The confidence in the majority opinion then has serious welfare consequences.     

Seemingly unrelated regression on the autoregressive (Ar(p)) singular equation system

This paper studies the estimation of seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) of singular equation systems with an autoregressive error process (AR(p)) for each equation.Parameter estimates of the autoregressive singular equation system are not generally invariant to the equation deleted. Under the model specification restriction on the autoregressive parameters, the invariance property is preserved, and this paper shows that a single equation generalized least squares (GLS) estimation for a general autoregressive error process is equivalent to the SURGLS estimation of the AR(p) singular equation system.     

Male Adolescents: Sexual Victimization and Subsequent Sexual Abuse

Veneziano, Veneziano and LeGrand (2000) found support for the victim to victimizer hypothesis of sexual aggression with 74 sexually abusive youth. This project, a further step in examining this theory (Burton, 2000, Burton, Miller, & Shill, 2002) builds on their ideas with data from 179 adolescent sexual abusers, and supports their findings. In an examination of relationships, gender, modus operandi, and acts, the sexually abused youth were likely to repeat what was done to them. This project also offers a further analysis of how victimization accounts for a significant portion of the variance in perpetration by these youth. Implications for research and practice are offered.     

Sifting the wheat from the chaff—the organization of telephone intake and the selection of social assistance inquirers in Sweden

In Sweden, the initial contact between help-seeking people and a social welfare office normally takes place over the telephone, with designated intake officers handling those aiming to apply for social assistance. Citizens seeking help are here sorted according to various eligibility criteria as well as according to different intake routines. The outcome of the sorting process is that some receive an appointment for a further assessment while others are sent away. This article describes and classifies the degree of selection at seven telephone intakes, discusses relations between the degrees of selection and reasons for selection and distinguishes several selection strategies.