The multiethnic state-building dilemma: national and ethnic minorities' identities in the Crimea

This article examines the process of national identity formation among ethnic minorities in the Crimea – specifically, how a new common identity develops in the system of existing identities, what meaning group identities have for different minorities group and how this process influences attitudes and stereotypes toward the ingroup and outgroup. Based on surveys in the Crimea, results show that formation of a common national and regional identity leads to developing of positive stereotypes toward members of other groups, who now are involved in a new group identity, but also is connected with formation of negative attitudes and stereotypes toward other groups. The meaning of identity depends on its position in the system of identities and can be used as a criterion for early warning of conflicts.     

组织信息资源管理论纲

本文在简要分析现代组织管理环境基本特点的基础上,对社会组织的信息资源管理的功能、原则及其运作等若干问题进行了认真的探讨,以期进一步完善现代组织管理理论。     

Exposure to occupational violence and the buffering effects of intra-oranizational support

This paper presents a conceptually distinct analysis of the data first reported by Leather et al. Specifically, it investigates the effects of exposure to a variety of forms of work-related violence upon work attitudes and general well-being within a sample of UK public house licensees—individuals who manage public houses and hold the licence permitting the sale of alcoholic drinks on the premises. In addition, it examines the role of social support in moderating such effects. Based upon a sample of 242 licensees, it reports a consistent interaction between exposure to such violence and the availability of perceived intra-organizational support in determining the size of any negative effects upon individual well-being, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It is argued that exposure to all forms of work-related violence, including intimidation, verbal abuse and threat, should be seen as a potential stressor within the work environment, the negative effects of which are buffered by perceived support from within the organization, but not by that perceived to be available from informal sources such as family and friends.     

Forecasting Accuracy of Alternative Techniques: A Comparison of U.S. Macroeconomic Forecasts

This article introduces and discusses a new measure of the relative economic affluence (REA) between income distributions with different means. The REA measure D is applied to the U.S. white and black household income distributions of 1967 and 1979. The measure D shows that the REA of the white households with respect to the black households decreased from 1967 to 1979. This conclusion contrasts with those obtained by applications of distance or quasi-distance functions. It is shown in this study that REA measures and distance functions address different and relevant issues. An REA measure deals with the relation “more affluent than” and defines a partial strict ordering over the set of pairs of income distributions—that is, the relation is asymmetric and transitive—whereas a distance function accounts for the dissimilarity between distributions without imposing an ordering relation and hence fulfills the symmetry property.     

Two-Step Estimation of Incomplete Information Social Interaction Models With Sample Selection

ABSTRACT

This article considers linear social interaction models under incomplete information that allow for missing outcome data due to sample selection. For model estimation, assuming that each individual forms his/her belief about the other members’ outcomes based on rational expectations, we propose a two-step series nonlinear least squares estimator. Both the consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator are established. As an empirical illustration, we apply the proposed model and method to National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) data to examine the impacts of friendship interactions on adolescents’ academic achievements. We provide empirical evidence that the interaction effects are important determinants of grade point average and that controlling for sample selection bias has certain impacts on the estimation results. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

On square ordinal contingency tables: a comparison of social class and income mobility for the same individuals

Summary.  Square contingency tables with matching ordinal rows and columns arise in particular as empirical transition matrices and the paper considers these in the context of social class and income mobility tables. Such tables relate the socio-economic position of parents to the socio-economic position of their child in adulthood. The level of association between parental and child socio-economic position is taken as a measure of mobility. Several approaches to analysis are described and illustrated by UK data in which interest focuses on comparisons of social class and income mobility tables that are derived from the same individuals. Account is taken of the use of the same individuals in the two tables. Additionally comparisons over time are considered.     

湖南文学百年兴衰溯源：－兼评田中阳《湖湘文化精神与二十世纪湖南文学》

政治本位的近世湖湘文化在中国近、现代史中曾独领一代风骚,然而在当代却遭遇了从极盛走向衰朽的命运湖南文学的百年盛衰,也恰恰能够从湖湘文化精神本身的优长与历史局限中找到潜因.20世纪湖南作家创作心理定势及其创作文本思想倾向、艺术特质都受到了湖湘文化深刻的影响和规约.田中阳之新著<湖湘文化精神与二十世纪湖南文学>便对这两者之间的深刻关联进行了富有创见性的精要论述.     

论法兰克福学派的大众文化批判理论

真正的艺术作为最精致的文化造物是人的自由自主的本质的最深刻的体现,以及人类社会进化的重要的内在驱动力。但在现代发达工业社会的背景中,艺术也不可避免地走向了异化。这种异化的艺术集中表现为大众文化。法兰克福学派从大众文化的商品化－创造性的丧失、大众文化的齐一化－个性的虚假、大众文化的欺骗性－超越纬度的消解和大众文化的操纵性等方面剖析大众文化对人的存在的负面影响。要扬弃大众文化的异化,必须扬弃人的本质的异化,恢复艺术和审美的个性和创造本质,即恢复人的自由自觉的生存方式。     

社会性别思想在“摘要”和《起源》中的呈现——兼论马克思和恩格斯社会性别思想的内在关联

马克思的"摘要"和恩格斯的《起源》都是探讨家庭、私有制和国家关系的经典之作,更是马克思和恩格斯集中探讨社会性别问题的典型作品。然而,在马克思恩格斯社会性别理论研究者,特别是国外马克思主义女性主义研究者的眼中,两部作品却是截然分开的,后者的受重视程度空前,被作为西方马克思主义女性主义研究的"圣经",而前者相对是被忽视的。事实上两者之间具有明显的逻辑关联和思想关联,将这一关联揭示出来,对于探讨马克思恩格斯社会性别思想具有重要意义。