A Proportional Hazards Regression Model for the Subdistribution with Covariates‐adjusted Censoring Weight for Competing Risks Data

With competing risks data, one often needs to assess the treatment and covariate effects on the cumulative incidence function. Fine and Gray proposed a proportional hazards regression model for the subdistribution of a competing risk with the assumption that the censoring distribution and the covariates are independent. Covariate‐dependent censoring sometimes occurs in medical studies. In this paper, we study the proportional hazards regression model for the subdistribution of a competing risk with proper adjustments for covariate‐dependent censoring. We consider a covariate‐adjusted weight function by fitting the Cox model for the censoring distribution and using the predictive probability for each individual. Our simulation study shows that the covariate‐adjusted weight estimator is basically unbiased when the censoring time depends on the covariates, and the covariate‐adjusted weight approach works well for the variance estimator as well. We illustrate our methods with bone marrow transplant data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. Here, cancer relapse and death in complete remission are two competing risks.     

行政判例视野中的行政法原则研究——以梁宝福案、赖恒安案为例评释

行政法原则在行政执法实践和司法审判实践中具有重要意义,而行政判例中则蕴含着丰富的行政法原则.以梁宝富案关于合法性审查和保护诉权及赖恒安案关于成熟原则的行政判例为例来看,通过行政判例来运用、发展、创制行政法原则,对于推进我国行政法治有着极其重要的意义.     

高等学校自主权概念研究

高等学校自主权是一个极其复杂的概念,源于西方大学的自治权,就性质而言,有时表现为权力,有时又表现为权利;就内容而言,有的表现为权力,有的表现为权威.在我国的权力语境中,高校自主权就是指高等学校依据法律、法规的规定,以办学目标为基础,以学术自由为主要内容,按照自身特点和内部规律的要求,由其章程所规定、效力只及于内部成员的自主决策、自主实施、自主承担责任的资格和能力.     

Analysing non-doctrinal socialization: re-assessing the role of cognition to account for social cohesion in the Religious Society of Friends

To incorporate newcomers into membership, a group employs socialization strategies to transform the characteristics of the newcomers, so that it can admit them with the confidence that their behaviour will not endanger group unity. Analyses of socialization emphasize that novices' interiorization of an institutional definition of group behaviour is a necessary condition to ensure successful socialization. The contemporary Religious Society of Friends in Britain, however, is a non-doctrinal religious movement that avoids defining the content of its beliefs and practices. To analyse the socializing interaction between members and newcomers in this movement in Britain, and among co-religionists in the USA, this inquiry applies a model of socialization that does not include assumptions about the role played by cognition in socialization (Long and Hadden 1983). My results show that: (a) the diffuseness in Friends' collective explanations of institutional conduct supports novices' identification with institutional practice, and (b) experimental and affective components in socialization motivate novices to imitate institutional behaviour despite the fact that Friends have no authoritative explanations of such behaviour. The data suggest that socialization and social cohesion are not necessarily as strongly cognitive-oriented phenomena as they were previously thought to be. This finding has important implications for thinking about social cohesion in postmodern society.     

Migration Decisions of Dual-earner Families: An Application of Multilevel Modeling

A comprehensive framework for guiding analyses of internal migration is lacking. This study contributes to the family migration literature in three important ways. We develop a multilevel theoretical framework emphasizing an integration of individual-, family-, and neighborhood-level effects; introduce multilevel statistical modeling; and explicitly assess how effects of economic-based explanatory variables vary by gender. Our data are from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We find that the likelihood of a family migrating is affected by economic and non-economic factors, some of which vary by gender. We add to the dual-earner migration literature by finding that wives are not likely to be tied-movers, but husbands are likely to be tied-stayers. Neighborhood factors also are important to the decision to migrate.

阿拉伯语语法推理思维的文化探析

语法是语言的结构方式和组织规则,它兼具人类共性和民族个性.语法规则是人类长期抽象思维的成果和社团约定,它反映着语言社团的文化规约和语言学家的思维方式.阿拉伯语语法与汉语截然不同,与印欧语系语言相似,属于有明显形态标记的形式语法,具有清楚的逻辑推理思维,即遵循概念、判断和推理的基础模式.本文对此现象进行了阐释,并探究其文化成因.     

阿拉伯国家联盟决策机制研究

阿盟采取不同的决策程序和方式来满足成员国复杂的利益关系和要求,其决策机制由多种要素构成,拥有多层次决策机构.阿盟决策机制既具有自身的特点,又存在一定的缺陷.从阿盟决策机制的历史变迁、决策要素的权责分配、决策程序与方式等方面进行分析,有利于系统理解阿盟决策机制的本质,也有助于理解阿盟在阿拉伯国家间以及中阿关系中所能起到的真正作用.     

北京奥运的金牌期待分析

本文从"夺取奖牌"、"关注奥运"和"奥林匹克精神"三个方面探讨了北京市民的奥运金牌期待。年龄、学历、收入、职业和户籍等五个因素对不同人群的奥运金牌期待有显著影响。最后,作者从爱国主义、生活场域及人际沟通等三个方面对不同群体的奥运金牌期待特点作出了解释。     

20世纪20年代末京津地区外报的衰落评析

本文展现了20世纪20年代京津地区外文报纸从北洋军阀统治晚期到南京政府统一全国初期被层层挤压、无法立足的衰落过程,并对后期中国政府和中国人民打击外报的缘由、手段,以及效果进行深入分析。外报的衰落标志着中国民族报业逐步摆脱外国势力,进入一个新阶段。     

陈垣与抗日战争时期的北平辅仁大学

北平辅仁大学作为一所私立天主教大学,在北平沦陷之后弦歌不辍,讲诵如恒,并得以发展。学校师生与日伪周旋,抗敌不屈,延续民族文化生命,抵制日伪奴化教育,因此赢得了"抗日大本营"的赞誉。