从"100美元笔记本电脑计划"看数字鸿沟

假如电脑便宜到任何人都买得起,数字鸿沟就会消失吗?当今,数字鸿沟与Negroponte提出的“100美元笔记本电脑计划”产生了很多争论。在本文看来,即使拥有硬件设备或者有使用互联网的条件,消除数字鸿沟也不容易。如果旧的分化没有消除,即便更低的电脑价格也不能消除数字鸿沟,还有诸多社会文化因素需要考虑与探究。     

Does national broadband plan narrow regional digital divide? Evidence from China

Although an increasing number of countries are striving to implement broadband plans, there is a dearth of research that examines whether having a national broad plan could narrow a nation’s regional digital divide. In this study, we used data sets collected from recent national statistics to quantify the effects of China’s national broadband strategy on the regional digital divide. The results of our analysis showed that while China’s approach narrowed the regional divide in terms of the coverage of broadband infrastructure, it had a comparatively limited impact on closing both the penetration divide and the quality divide. To narrow these divisions further, it is recommended that China adjust the priorities and scope of its national broadband strategy from a supply-side, investment-driven industrial policy to a demand-side, user-centric policy.     

Unless you go online you are on your own: blogging as a bridge in para-sport

Since its inception, the Web has been described as a liberating technology permitting individuals with disabilities to surmount barriers that otherwise prevent full societal engagement. Subsequent studies of Web-based communication have instead reported that disabling conditions are reproduced rather than challenged online. This paper uses interviews with 25 para-sport participants to provide an empirical account of how the affordances of the Web are leveraged in disability sport networks. Our findings suggest that individuals with disabilities are using blogs, Facebook, Twitter, and other forms of online communication to find information, engage in advocacy and outreach projects, and form strong networks that extend online and offline. We discuss our findings in light of Putnam’s conceptualization of bridging and bonding social capital, and describe how individuals and groups use weak ties to disseminate information and strong ties to foster a sense of belonging.     

‘I don't have anything to hide,but … ': the challenges and negotiations of social and mobile media privacy for non-dominant youth

Drawing from interviews and focus groups with teens in a low-income and ethnically diverse high school in central Texas, this paper explores the unique social privacy challenges and strategies of low-income and non-dominant youth. Situating the research in a broader context in which non-dominant teens are increasingly surveilled, I demonstrate how teens manage social privacy in at least three ways. First, they negotiate liminal boundaries of what constitutes a communal or shareable mobile device, which are structured around financial constraints. Second, through nonuse, they actively resist the ways mobile and social media reconfigure social and physical spaces. Third, they deliberately use multiple platforms as a way to cope with evolving privacy settings, social norms, and technological affordances; this is a deliberate strategy intended to resist social convergence. Because low-income and non-dominant youth are increasingly surveilled by adults, peers, and institutions, it is imperative that they find spaces that afford greater freedom of expression, interest-based communities, and privacy.     

论唐代文言小说分类

长期以来 ,文言小说的分类法和类名一直较为混乱。在尊重古人小说观念、小说分类法及类名的基础上 ,唐代文言小说可以先分为志怪、轶事二类 ,再作第二层细分 :志怪分为杂记、杂史杂传、地理博物三类 ;轶事分为逸事、琐言、辨订、箴规四类。在文言小说分类实践中 ,要摒弃一些不准确的分类法和类名 ,逐步建立文言小说的分类体系     

城乡文化冲突下的“农民工”形象叙事研究

当下文学受社会农民工潮流的影响,对进城农民的描写形成一个创作的潮流。当下小说从不同的角度以及不同的场景设置,构成了相对完整的农民工形象心理流变的历程图。作家并没有单纯描摹进城农民生存境遇,而是把农民工放在城市与乡村两种文化的冲突下,进行叙述,展现了进城农民在两种文化夹缝中的精神世界。     

The identity curation game: digital inequality,identity work,and emotion management

ABSTRACT

The research examines an understudied facet of digital inequality: how digital inequality impacts identity work and emotion management. The analysis reveals how unequal access to digital resources shapes how well youths are able to play what I call the identity curation game. Digital resources determine youths’ ability to succeed in this game that is governed by three implicit rules: (1) constantly update or be sidelined, (2) engage in constant reciprocated identity-affirming interactions, and (3) maintain a strategy of vigilance to remove traces of failed identity performances. This article draws on Symbolic Interactionism and pays particular attention to Hochschild’s theory of emotion management. Drawing on these frameworks, the findings reveal how under-resourced youths experience connectivity gaps that disrupt their ability to play the identity curation game, as well as the resulting emotional consequences. Under-resourced youths manage distinctive negative emotions arising from connectivity gaps that hinder their digital identity work, as well as engaging in distinct kinds of suppressive work to police their own emotions including longing, envy, shame, frustration, and stigmatization. In making these linkages, the research reveals the cascading effects of digital inequality among youths where constant connectivity is the sine qua non of social inclusion.     

Older audiences in the digital media environment

Relying on Jensen and Helles’ model for studying the Internet as a cultural forum, this study aimed to explore the extent to which traditional media are displaced by innovative communication practices within the older audience of new media. The study was based on a cross-European survey of 1039 Internet users aged 60 years and up. Results indicated that older Internet users are significantly more inclined to use traditional mass media than new social media and prefer synchronous to asynchronous mass media. This audience, however, is not homogeneous, as four subsegments were identified. These groups differed in their media repertoires, sociocultural background and leisure preferences. The findings suggest that despite the increasing percentage of older Internet users, this audience tends to adhere to familiar media practices, with only a minority making intense use of new practices. With very few cross-national differences, this tendency appears to be universal, suggesting overall media use traditionalism and a second-level digital divide among the older audience.     

我国少数民族互联网使用差异分析——基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据

本文通过第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据,分析我国少数民族在互联网接入和使用层面的差异。研究发现,少数民族在互联网的使用率上低于全国平均水平,每天上网时长与汉族相比更为有限;除了利用网络炒股/投资和网络购物等经济行为的参与率较低,呈现出明显的“数字鸿沟”。进一步分析发现,城乡和区域差异是造成这一现象的首要因素。此外,性别、年龄、受教育程度和职业类型对少数民族的互联网接入状况和使用偏好都有一定影响。因此,加快中西部经济建设、互联网基础设施建设,大力开展互联网的普及工作是弥合“数字鸿沟”的有效途径。     

Interdisciplinary foundations of urban ecology

Researchers have identified urban ecology as a new field integrating social and ecological science. Critics have portrayed the field as under-theorized with negative implications for research and urban environmental planning. Unprecedented urbanization and historical bias against research integrating social and ecological systems are identified as driving this deficit. Researchers have called for new integrative approaches to address this issue. In response, this paper applies ecology’s analytic framework of “patch dynamics”, Kuhn’s concept of “normal science” and Mazoyer and Roudart’s “evolutionary series” to demographic data and historical texts to perform an analysis of interdisciplinary contributions to theory applicable in the field of urban ecology. The subsequent exploration reveals a rich history of interdisciplinary inquiry along the nature/society divide. The paper concludes that these “largely ignored” contributions offer urban ecology the opportunity to claim much broader depth as a field gaining access to precedents and innovations accomplished during the field’s early theoretical development. Drawing upon this history, a framework for ecological urban development is suggested to inform and assist contemporary research in urban ecology and planning.