韩国现代化进程中财阀的形成、发展及历史作用

韩国是东亚NIEs中典型的财阀模式,财阀在韩国的形成与发展是有其多方面因素的。尽管财阀在韩国现代化进程中也有着负面的作用,但其起到的积极作用是至关重要的。财阀模式的积极作用对中国有一定借鉴意义。     

The influence of social conditions on mortality rates

In this study the author examines the general problem of estimating the influence of social conditions on mortality rates and suggests that the methods of multiple regression analysis extensively used for this purpose cannot always be relied on to give the kind of results required. The argument is illustrated by reference to the work of Woolf and Waterhouse (J. Hyg., Camb., vol. XLIV, no. 2, 1945) on infant mortality in the county boroughs. The Confluence Analysis of Frisch, applied to their results suggests that the statistical series used by these authors are multicollinear, and use of Hotelling's method of Principal Components suggests that these five series represent not five but only two fundamental influences. One of these, almost equally strongly loaded in three of these series is identified with the ‘general social conditions'— a complex of bad housing and low money-incomes—which these and other writers have studied. This leads to the suggestion that the use of multiple regression analysis in attempts to estimate the separate influences of the individual constituents of this complex are likely to be unprofitable and misleading. It is suggested that the available information relating to social conditions in various districts can be most usefully employed in the form of a complex index which might be constructed by means of some form of Factor Analysis.     

南宋遗民对宗国兴亡的反思

南宋遗民经历了故国覆亡之痛,他们面对民族的巨大不幸和自身的失落,没有万念俱灰,而是以一种历史责任感探讨了宋朝的灭亡的原因。他们有的从君臣责任方面探讨,有的从制度层面探讨,还有遗民从社会道德和学术风貌方面进行了探讨。他们作为遗民在探讨故国兴亡时,有切身之体会,不乏公允和深刻的认识,这些认识对我们探讨宋朝灭亡原因是有借鉴意义的。     

Social enterprise policy design: Constructing social enterprise in the UK and Korea

Taking the elusive definition of social enterprise as its starting point, this study seeks to understand the impact of government policies on the development of social enterprises in the national contexts of the UK and South Korea. The social construction of target populations is utilised as a theoretical framework in order to identify which factors influence government policy. A comparison of the two countries over a 14‐year period from 1997 to 2010 reveals that, despite very different contexts, governments in both countries have taken an instrumental approach to social enterprise. This tendency is more pronounced in Korea however, where government has limited the input of stakeholders and used an approval system to control access to the social enterprise name. The study concludes by recommending a more value‐oriented approach to social enterprise.     

魏晋南北朝墓志所见辞书未收词语试释

魏晋南北朝墓志属出土文献,语料丰富,特色鲜明,其中有数量不菲的词语被《汉语大词典》、《辞海》、《辞源》等普通辞书所失载,这里抽出10条词语试加诠释,以期对《汉语大词典》等大型工具书的编撰和汉语史的研究提供参考。     

清末政府向南非输出劳务述论

20世纪初,清政府自主向南非输出华工,经历了从严禁到被迫接受,最终在一些有识之士的推动与国际国内形势的逼迫下,实现了劳务政策的重大转变。清政府首次主动向外输出大批劳务,是清末“新政”的重要组成部分,并对当时的社会经济生活产生了一定的影响。     

The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Addressing Safe Motherhood in South Asia

ABSTRACT

As it is recently recognized in academic and policy circles, limited access to information and limited knowledge are among key factors contributing to worldwide poverty, especially in low developed countries. Consequently, access to “knowledge” has become an integral part of discussions about global development, improvement of societal well-being, and empowerment of women. This article addresses the problem of the limited spread of information about maternal health and available maternal care services across impoverished South Asian countries. Lack of knowledge greatly contributes to underutilization of medical services and available maternal care that leads to high rates of maternal and infant mortality and pregnancy-related complications which, with proper medical care, could be avoided.     

Gandhian fictions: rereading Satyagraha in South Africa

From 1923–24, Mahatma Gandhi wrote his recollections of South Africa from a prison cell in India. This text, Satyagraha in South Africa, was intended to be ‘helpful in our present struggle’ to liberate India, as well as ‘a guide to any regular historian who may arise in the future.’ An emphatically transnational text, Satyagraha in South Africa relies upon the mode of allegory to place South Africa and India in relation to each other. As it encourages comparison, however, it discourages common cause. Gandhi places Africans as the anterior sign in a larger system of signification: South African politics prefigures Indian anti-colonial victory to come, but the African native also represents the innocent natives of India writ large.

Without the political didactics of Hind Swaraj, the journalistic interventions of Indian Opinion or even the philosophical aspirations of My Experiments with Truth, this fictionalised history has rarely been the centre of attention. Satyagraha in South Africa, however, reveals Gandhi’s understanding of imperial geography, as he places South Africa and India in a single frame but fails to imagine them as inhabiting the same historical present. This understanding is reflected in his political decisions, as he fails to connect Indian anti-colonial agitation with struggles elsewhere.     

The canary of the Constitution: same‐sex equality in the public sphere

Nowhere is the paradox between the ideals of the South African Constitution and lived reality more apparent than in public contestations around gender and sexuality. Gay and lesbian equality has come to occupy a symbolic place as a litmus test of the success of constitutional democracy in South Africa. And yet, because gay and lesbian equality is not widely supported, it is also one of the key moral barometers testing the gap between the Constitution and public opinion. This article looks at a series of public hearings held under the auspices of the National House of Traditional Leaders to gauge public opinion on same‐sex marriages. This is used as a case study to explore how sexuality becomes pivotal in debates about nationhood and belonging.