层级制:存续抑或终结

层级制是人类管理史上一种高效率的组织形式,但由于其包含着组织利益与个体利益、平等与等级、自由与依赖、稳定结构与环境变化等内在理念的冲突,以及现实中独断的领导方式,信息沟通不畅通等痼疾,将会为一种民主、平等、自我管理的网络型的理想组织体系所替代,然而,这种替代性方案必须在一定情景之下才能实现。纵观我国管理界,层级组织仍然是主要模式,如何推进我国组织体制的变革,始终是一个棘手的问题。通过对层级制组织的分析,希望为我国组织体制的变革提供理论支撑。     

Network learning: Episodes of interorganizational learning towards a collective performance goal

Little is known about learning processes in horizontal networks. This study focuses on networks as learning entities, i.e. learning by multiple organizations as a group, and the mechanisms involved in developing and addressing a network-level performance goal. By using a narrative approach, we gather in-depth primary data from network members to examine: how do firms engage in network learning? and, how is network learning coordinated towards a performance goal in a horizontal inter-firm network? Our findings comprise two learning episodes: ‘learning how to compete’ and ‘learning how to perform’. These episodes help us to understand network learning processes; the relationship between network learning and organizational learning; and the regulatory role a hub firm provides towards a collective performance goal.     

Building interfirm leadership: A relational identity perspective

While leadership has been recognized as an approach to facilitating network orchestration, little is known about the mechanism through which a hub firm enhances interfirm leadership. Grounded on the theory of social identity and network orchestration, we develop a framework of the enhancement of interfirm leadership, proposing that the tendency of building leadership rests on the hub firm's ability to shape the partners' relational identity. We identify three types of role-adoption that indicate seven actions a hub firm might take to establish such an identity. We suggest that the mechanism through which leadership emerges is contingent on relationship duration, dependence asymmetry, and competition intensity.     

Structural holes and managerial performance: Identifying the underlying mechanisms

Structural holes theory suggests a variety of possible explanations for the empirically observed relationship between structural holes and individual managerial performance. However, little has been done to disentangle one mechanism from another. This paper empirically tests a mediated moderation model that distinguishes between the five different theoretical mechanisms: autonomy, competition, information brokering, opportunity recognition and innovativeness. The findings suggest that of these five theoretical causal motors, innovativeness plays a key role in linking network structure and network content to performance.     

论网络语境下当代青年的爱国主义教育

随着互联网时代的到来,网络语境下当代青年的爱国主义教育缺失日渐凸显,在部分青年群体中存在潜在的网络极端化爱国主义舆论倾向。分析发现:从问题的出现或偶然性事件的刺激到多数个体发表的评价性意见,再到"群体极化"现象的出现,最终极端化爱国主义舆论在互联网上广泛传播是网络极端化爱国主义舆论的基本形成机制。如此网络极端化爱国主义舆论不可避免地对国家、社会、制度和青年自身产生一系列的危害。网络语境下当代青年的爱国主义引导是新时期爱国主义教育的重要课题:应该正视青年的爱国情感,加强爱国主义教育;立足祖国长远利益,培养青年的理性爱国情感;增强舆论引导,减少青年非理性情绪的蔓延,对青年的网络极端化爱国主义舆论进行积极有效的引导。     

经典公共领域的重塑及建构——以网络媒介兴起后的网络公共领域为例

新时期,由网络媒介技术迅猛发展带来了经典公共领域范畴的重塑或新生。因此,在此探讨经典公共领域的重塑主要特指网络公共领域,广义上还应包含因网络媒介影响的其它生活场域。本文力求运用解释学方法阐释新时期网络媒介的兴起带来了经典公共领域的重塑,并尝试提出中国理想网络公共领域的构建建议。     

中西网络政府及其行政权力运行之比较

建立网络政府、倡导网络政治是当代社会发展的一股潮流，西方发达国家已经先行一步。中国政府也在积极探索建立网络政府，推进行政权力网上公开透明运行的必由之路，并且取得了一系列重要成果。比较中西在网络政府建设中的不同举措，总结各自的经验教训对于我国网络政府的建设以及达成“权力在阳光下运行”的目标或许有所启迪。     

网络新闻道德失范问题研究

伴随着互联网技术的不断发展，网络新闻以其独有的传播方式，逐渐改变着传统媒体的传播格局，并且也由此逐渐产生了侵权与虚假新闻等网络新闻道德失范方面的问题，这些问题阻碍了网络新闻的健康发展。针对网络新闻道德失范中存在的具体问题，在对其原因进行充分分析的基础之上，提出了有实效性的应对策略，以期推动网络新闻道德建设不断向前发展。     

Resource smoothing: A cost minimization approach

From the available literature, there seems to be no defined approach to resource smoothing exercise except those attempted by Weist (1967, Management Science, 13, B359-B377) and Burgess and Killebrew (1962, Journal of Industrial Engineering, 13, 76-83). The aim of the smoothing exercise is to achieve optimal resource usage by avoiding high peaks and deep valleys in the project resource profile. The general approach has always been to move some activities with floats in the high peak regions to be started at a later date, and as this is done, the valleys will be filled to smooth the resource profile subject of course to time constraint. If this approach is followed as it is, it would be difficult to determine optimality especially when many resources are involved. A cost minimization approach is envisaged in the present study with no limitation on the number of resource inputs. In a situation where the resources are assumed to have the same value, the cost assigned to each of them should be similar. The method follows the general concept but with a difference; cost of the activity in question is considered. The exercise is continued until all the floats are exhausted. The optimum result would then be the one with the minimum cost profile. From examples used for the evaluation, the results obtained are comparable to those of the above two researchers, and some with better results in the majority of cases.     

浅谈战国时秦国的后勤经济战略

秦国能统一中国,除了政治、军事方面的原因,还有一个被史学界忽略的因素：建立了完整的经济战略体系。这套体系包括后勤基地建设、经济改革以及交通路网络。这套体系为秦统一战争提供了巨大的后勤保障。