现代高校图书馆建筑及其功能布局刍议

现代高校图书馆建筑总体设计和内部布局都要适应现代社会发展的要求、以人为本的理念,给人提供一个学习、阅览、休闲、社交、交流和借读的馆所,还要与信息数字化、网络化的电子技术发展相适应,充分考虑长远发展需要.馆舍建设要有前瞻性并留有拓展余地,设计上要考虑既方便读者又便于管理.     

Childhood malaria in the Gambia: a case-study in model-based geostatistics

Summary. The paper develops a spatial generalized linear mixed model to describe the variation in the prevalence of malaria among a sample of village resident children in the Gambia. The response from each child is a binary indicator of the presence of malarial parasites in a blood sample. The model includes terms for the effects of child level covariates (age and bed net use), village level covariates (inclusion or exclusion from the primary health care system and greenness of surrounding vegetation as derived from satellite information) and separate components for residual spatial and non-spatial extrabinomial variation. The results confirm and quantify the progressive increase in prevalence with age, and the protective effects of bed nets. They also show that the extrabinomial variation is spatially structured, suggesting an environmental effect rather than variation in familial susceptibility. Neither inclusion in the primary health care system nor the greenness of the surrounding vegetation appeared to affect the prevalence of malaria. The method of inference was Bayesian using vague priors and a Markov chain Monte Carlo implementation.     

A model for estimating point sources in spatial data

We introduce a point source model which may be useful for estimating point sources in spatial data. It may also be useful for modelling general spatial data, and providing a simple explanatory model for some data, whilst in other cases it may give a parsimonious representation. The model assumes that there are point sources (or sinks), usually at unknown positions, and that the mean value at a site depends on the distance from these sources. We discuss the general form of the model, and some methods for estimating the sources and the regression parameters. We demonstrate the methodology using a simulation study, and apply the model to two real data sets. Some possibilities for further research are outlined.     

A methodological approach to the comparison of municipal balance-sheet figures

In the comparison of municipalities balance sheets figures, the per-resident ratios lose some of their relevance as indicators of municipal expenditure or taxation behaviour. At this level of spatial disaggregation, the resident population is generally not in a direct relationship with balance sheets figures; the problem is evident especially for those municipalities with significant flows of non-residents, demanding and paying for services. The paper provides a frame of reference within which the measurement of municipal behaviour is conditioned to the approximation of the unobserved “real” size of each individual municipality. The joint use of several types of information about the structure of municipalities yields composite indicators of greater statistical relevance than the usual indicators based on the residential population alone.     

探析公共环境设计艺术在城市中的“经营位置”

文章从公共设计艺术在整个城市中的经营位置的重要性出发,论述公共设计艺术的位置安排对于城市空间的整体视觉连续性、方向性,以及空间尺寸、体量等方面的环境功能协调作用;探析它的合理布局所赋予环境空间的视觉审美效果,说明了"经营位置"与城市整体形象、整体规划的密切关系,并进一步提出位置经营的设计原则和弥补原空间环境中某些不足的方法建议.     

对当前报纸版面设计误区的观察与思考

在日趋激烈的竞争中,一些报纸过分夸大和强调“形式美”,在缺乏理性思维和正确审美指导的情况下,走入了版面设计的误区。其具体表现为缺乏新闻性,缺乏导向性,缺乏风格与个性,包装的过度性,等等。版面代表报纸的形象,其重要性不言而喻,版面的设计应该与时俱进,提倡改革和创新。只有坚持正确的方向,进行理性的思考,才能使我们新时期报业的版面设计工作走出误区,走向成熟,使版面真正成为向读者传达信息,与读者进行交流,为读者提供享受的平台。     

《百苗图》原本编排体例探析

《百苗图》原本为八十二个条目, 因原本已佚,后世传抄诸版本或条目不全, 或编排无序, 从而为研究和利用这一珍贵历史文献造成极大困难。鉴于此,笔者以《黔记》和《苗蛮图册》为依据,对《百苗图》原本编排体例作一初步探析, 发现《百苗图》原本八十二个条目的编排有其一定的规则, 即按民族社会文化系缘关系和称谓出现的先后顺序进行编排, 以此揭示八十二个“族称”之间的族属关系。     

城市消防规划的若干思考

本文是一篇阐述城市消防规划若干思考的论文 ,它由城市消防规划当前面临的问题、城市消防规划工作的认识与思考、城市消防规划设计几种方式的探讨等几大部分组成 ,本文从社会、经济等多角度提出了城市消防规划存在的一些问题 ,阐述了作者对城市消防规划工作的一些新认识、新观点 ,介绍了几种城市消防规划设计方式。     

Building a statistical model to predict reactor temperatures

This paper describes the various stages in building a statistical model to predict temperatures in the core of a reactor, and compares the benefits of this model with those of a physical model. We give a brief background to this study and the applications of the model to rapid online monitoring and safe operation of the reactor. We describe the methods, of correlation and two dimensional spectral analysis, which we use to identify the effects that are incorporated in a spatial regression model for the measured temperatures. These effects are related to the age of the reactor fuel and the spatial geometry of the reactor. A remaining component of the temperature variation is a slowly varying temperature surface modelled by smooth functions with constrained coefficients. We assess the accuracy of the model for interpolating temperatures throughout the reactor, when measurements are available only at a reduced set of spatial locations, as is the case in most reactors. Further possible improvements to the model are discussed.     

浅析农村空巢老人的养老机制：社会工作的视角

随着社会变迁,人口老龄化的进程加快,大力发展社会养老保障已为一成种必然选择。农村养老问题日渐凸显,但目前的农村空巢老人的养老机制还存在一些问题,可以尝试从社会工作的宏观、微观的两个层面采取一些对策和建议。