Double Generalized Spatial Econometric Models

The authors offer a unified method extending traditional spatial dependence with normally distributed error terms to a new class of spatial models based on the biparametric exponential family of distributions. Joint modeling of the mean and variance (or precision) parameters is proposed in this family of distributions, including spatial correlation. The proposed models are applied for analyzing Colombian land concentration, assuming that the variable of interest follows normal, gamma, and beta distributions. In all cases, the models were fitted using Bayesian methodology with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for sampling from joint posterior distribution of the model parameters.     

姜夔诗歌创作布局论

姜夔《白石道人诗说》是南宋一部重要诗论,重视诗歌的谋篇布局,强调秀句对主题的凸显,提出诗歌的整体性原则,并分析了诗歌创作结构布局上存在的弊病,形成了立意→词句→布局→脉贯穿的理论体系。     

我国城市社区商业的空间布局模式探讨

掌握我国社区商业的模式的当前状况和发展途径,有利于推动社区商业合理化进程,进而造就居民舒适便捷、企业盈利发展、社区和谐宜居几方共盈的理想局面,也有利于提升城市社区商业整体水平。按坐落形态,城市社区商业的空间布局模式可分为街区型、组团式、零散式和大院式四种。本文分别阐述了四种社区商业模式的布局形态和空间取位,同时展示了具有代表意义的现实典型,并对其在运作中的利弊作了比较。通过本文的分析比较,可以看出,街区式、组团式社区商业是未来社区商业发展的主力模式,大院式社区商业随着商品房建设的发展,将越来越少,零散式社区商业会随着城市化进程而逐渐淘汰。     

近代化影响下的京商

近代是京商发展的一个特殊历史时期。在这个社会动荡、社会经济大转型的时期,京商的发展呈现出新的特点和形态,商业布局、经营模式和业态形式等都有不同程度的改变。近代京商的发展在京商发展史上具有不容忽视的重要地位。     

“以内驭外”：论清代土司城市建筑布局的政治文化倾向——以土家族区域为例证

土司城研究,系土司政治物态文化研究的重要内容之一,历史上土司城的频繁搬迁折射了土司命运变化和土司区变动,从而使土司在建筑选址和城市规划设计上形成了迷恋风水、注重内外区分、以内驭外的政治文化倾向,建构了伦理型建筑体系。土司城市体系及其对外通道“官道”的研究,是剥开土司区神秘政治面纱和强化历史的政治人类学研究现场感的关键。     

南社出版物五种述略

南社是辛亥革命前成立的一个著名文学团体,其存世至今的各种出版资料已经很难寻觅。本文试图通过对五种南社出版物的收藏来历、装帧形式、大致内容、标注题识等多方面的介绍,推动学术界对南社的了解和研究。     

中国区域碳排放强度的空间计量分析

在对中国2000-2012年30个地区的碳排放强度数据进行估算的基础上,利用Moran’I空间自相关统计量检验了历年各地区的碳排放强度之间的空间自相关性,在空间自相关检验的基础上,以STIRPAT模型为理论基础,利用空间滞后模型研究了各种影响因素对中国区域碳排放强度的影响。结果表明：历年各地区的碳排放强度之间均存在着明显的空间自相关性;人口结构、能源强度、能源结构和产业结构这四项因素是中国碳排放强度的主要影响因素。     

因子分析和聚类分析在银行选址中的应用——以建设银行衡水分行为例

通过定性和定量相结合的方法,对商业银行网点布局选址进行考察,试图寻找网点布局优化方案和途径。基本过程是:选取10项影响因素指标,对建设银行衡水分行市区16个网点进行因子分析和聚类分析,在分析的基础上得出结论。研究结果表明:两种分类方法都能作为判定网点布局效果质量的依据,因子分析通过将网点的选择指标归纳为营销因子、竞争因子、地理因子和经济因子等4个综合变量,为商业银行优化网点资源配置提供了科学的方法和依据。     

Fitting spatial regressions to large datasets using unilateral approximations

Maximum likelihood estimation of a spatial model typically requires a sizeable computational capacity, even in relatively small samples, and becomes unfeasible in very large datasets. The unilateral approximation approach to spatial model estimation (suggested in Besag 1974 Besag, J. E. 1974. Spatial interaction and the statistical analysis of lattice systems. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological) 36 (2):192–236.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) provides a viable alternative to maximum likelihood estimation that reduces substantially the computing time and the storage required. In this article, we extend the method, originally proposed for conditionally specified processes, to simultaneous and to general bilateral spatial processes over rectangular lattices. We prove the estimators’ consistency and study their finite-sample properties via Monte Carlo simulations.     

Semiparametric Spatial Autoregressive Models With Endogenous Regressors: With an Application to Crime Data

This study considers semiparametric spatial autoregressive models that allow for endogenous regressors, as well as the heterogenous effects of these regressors across spatial units. For the model estimation, we propose a semiparametric series generalized method of moments estimator. We establish that the proposed estimator is both consistent and asymptotically normal. As an empirical illustration, we apply the proposed model and method to Tokyo crime data to estimate how the existence of a neighborhood police substation (NPS) affects the household burglary rate. The results indicate that the presence of an NPS helps reduce household burglaries, and that the effects of some variables are heterogenous with respect to residential distribution patterns. Furthermore, we show that using a model that does not adjust for the endogeneity of NPS does not allow us to observe the significant relationship between NPS and the household burglary rate. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.