渠道伙伴关系中专用性投资的特点和作用:以日本汽车产业为例

在日本汽车产业系列化的连续交易制度中,专用性投资被用于特定企业或价值链伙伴成员而成为企业营销战略的重要部分。渠道关系中大量的专用性投资的存在,对维系和发展制造商与供应商长期稳定的合作关系具有重要作用,但以往的文献对此却研究不足。本文以日本汽车产业为例,具体分析了渠道伙伴间专用性投资的特点,着力研究了在长期渠道关系中专用性投资的作用以及存在的竞争效率与机会主义问题及策略方法,最后讨论了日本经验对我国经济发展及各种企业组织发展所具有的启示和借鉴意义。     

The South Oaks Gambling Screen-revised Adolescent (SOGS-RA) Revisited: A Cut-point Analysis

The lack of a criterion validity gold standard defining adolescent pathological gambling represents a major limitation of the adolescent gambling literature. The present study employed Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis (ROC) to examine the performance of the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised Adolescent (SOGS-RA) recommended cut-point of 4 against two-proxy gold standards: self-identified need for, or receipt of, help for gambling. Logistic regression analysis examined the correlates of self-identified need for help with gambling. The sample was comprised of 12990 adolescents from Atlantic Canada whose average age was 15 years and 50% of whom were male. The SOGS-RA performed as well or better with these proxy gold standards than with proxies used in previous studies. We concluded that the proxy gold standards based on self-identified need for or receipt of help represent a pragmatic solution to the lack of an adolescent-specific definition of problem or pathological gambling. Students in grade seven and SOGS-RA scores of 4 or greater were independent predictors of self-identifying a need for help.     

直井深抽杆柱设计准则初探

油田实践证明,当油田开未进入中后期,或开发深层低渗透油藏,加深泵挂以未堵产率有成效。本文将常规直井中抽油杆柱准静态载荷计算套式加以修正后用于深抽载荷计葬,应用修正的Goodman应力图,导出了组合深抽杆柱设计的理论套式。得到了35Mn2, 40CrMo钢质杆在不同抽汲参数配合下的大女计算结果,通过分析,完善了深抽杆柱设计准则。     

研究生刑法分论教学中归入法的运用

归入法是德国法律职业者适用法律的系统方法。在研究生刑法分论的教学中适当适用归入法可以提高学生的理论水平和思辨能力,克服传统的讲授式教学模式的弊端。作为一种有益的法科生教学改革尝试,在现有的教学实践中取得了明显的效果。     

Variance-balanced row–column designs involving diallel crosses incorporating specific combining abilities for comparing test lines with a control line

In this paper, the problem of comparing t test lines with a control line under a row–column setup in complete diallel cross experiment is investigated when specific combining ability (sca) effect is included in the model. Three classes of Mating-Environmental Row–Column (MERC) designs have been obtained which are variance balanced for estimating the contrasts pertaining to general combining ability (gca) effects free from sca effects.     

ESP的历史、现状与前景

专门用途英语(ESP)的产生有其社会背景和理论根基。阐述了自上世纪70年代以来ESP在中国的快速发展,指出在理论上仅仅关注各专业语体的语言层次上的特征是不够的,还应该探讨它们的修辞策略层面; 在实践上也有待完善,应该解决好ESP在高校教育中的定位、教材、师资和教学方法等问题。本研究认为,社会需求是ESP发展的主要驱动力,ESP在中国有广阔的发展前景。     

致良知和成圣工夫

基于致良知学说,王阳明阐发了人的道德本性,赋予人以道德实践的自觉性、自律性以及道德完善的自足性。他指出:人是一个本性自足的存在者,其本身就具有自我存在的价值之源(良知),不需要任何其它的外在权威来规定自己的存在价值,人本质上就是自由的。他还改造了儒家的传统圣人观,剔除了其中关于圣人标准的才力(知识技能)因素,认为道德性乃是衡量圣人之为圣人的惟一标准,由此解决了“满街都是圣人”的理论可能,并指出:致良知就是为圣之功。这对以知识态度来审视一切以致把人类自己物化的危险倾向不无现实的警醒意义。     

关于缩减刑法分则"法定犯"罪名的思考

刑法分则过多规定"法定犯"不符合现代刑法"省刑"、"谦抑"思想,法治社会不是条文越多越好.刑法有自身的调整范围.不是所有的行政违法行为发展到严重程度就都构成犯罪.现行刑法中许多"法定犯"的社会危害性和行为人的主观恶性达不到犯罪程度,甚至不属于犯罪的性质.法定犯使空白罪状过多实际上把部分刑事立法权变相地交由行政机关行使.与立法法的精神相悖.基于以上考虑,建议大幅缩减刑法分则"法定犯"罪名.     

构建我国检察机关未成年人暂缓起诉制度

随着未成年人犯罪逐年增加,规制未成年人违法与犯罪的刑事司法制度已成为各国法律制度发展关注的焦点。我国有关未成年人的刑事司法制度发展相对不足,而暂缓起诉制度,有利于符合条件的触犯刑法的未成年人的教育、改造和回归社会。     

Who should invest in specific training?

We study experimentally whether employers or workers should invest in specific training. Workers have an alternative trading opportunity that takes the form of either an outside option or a threat point. Theory predicts that with outside options, employers have (weakly) better investment incentives than workers do and should therefore be the investing party. With threat points, employers and workers are predicted to invest the same. Our results are, by and large, in line with these predictions. Due to offsetting inefficiencies in the bargaining stage, however, realized inefficiencies are remarkably similar across the different situations considered.