新疆维吾尔自治区死亡水平的演变规律及分布特征分析

本文根据《新疆辉煌50年》及三次人口普查数据,分析了新疆维吾尔自治区历年来死亡率、死亡人数、死亡率模式、平均预期寿命等指标的演变过程及分布特征,试图揭示新疆维吾尔自治区死亡水平的内在变动规律,为计划生育及相关政府部门制定政策提供依据。     

文后参考文献著录中存在的问题及对策

参考文献是作者撰写或编辑论著而引用的有关文献资料,是科技论文的重要组成部分。因此,正确著录文后参考文献显得十分重要。所以,作者对完整著录参考文献的要素、参考文献中的出版地、英文作者姓名的正确著录及参考文献的随意翻译等问题提出了自己的看法和建议。     

Can the minimum living standard guarantee scheme enable the poor to escape the poverty trap in rural China?

The rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (Dibao) Scheme is the most important social assistance programme in rural China. However, how the rural Dibao programme affects household expenditures and whether it can enable the poor to escape the poverty trap are questions that remain largely unexplored. This study used data from the 2012 Rural Household Survey in China to investigate the impact of the rural Dibao programme on household expenditures. We found that the programme significantly improved the well‐being of low‐income households. Particularly, the programme significantly increased household expenditures on housing, education and health; furthermore, the impact was greater for households with educated household heads. However, the programme did not significantly affect household expenditures on food, transportation or farming inputs. The results imply that participation in the rural Dibao programme induces household investment in human capital, which could help to break the inter‐generational transmission of poverty and raise long‐run welfare.     

Linguistic instrumentalism and national language policy in Mainland China’s state print media coverage of the Protecting Cantonese Movement

This article examines the Chinese government’s use of the print media to justify the national language policy and address individuals’ concerns about the vitality of regional varieties of the Chinese language (i.e., Cantonese) in its coverage of the Protecting Cantonese Movement (July 2010) in Guangzhou. The analysis revealed that the Chinese government adopted a relatively reconciliatory response to the Movement, which apparently contested the relevant language policy. However, the media texts maintained the national policy of promoting Putonghua as inviolable, whereas they assigned Cantonese the role of the carrier of cultural tradition and stressed that the rise or fall of particular regional language depended on regional socioeconomic developments. Such media discussions showed that the state carefully managed relevant discussions about the vitality of regional Chinese varieties within the discursive space defined by legalistic, cultural, and socioeconomic development discourses. These discursive boundaries reflect the dominance of linguistic instrumentalism in the Chinese government’s language policymaking.     

A new generalized two-sided class of distributions with an emphasis on two-sided generalized normal distribution

The ordinary-G class of distributions is defined to have the cumulative distribution function (cdf) as the value of the cdf of the ordinary distribution F whose range is the unit interval at G, that is, F(G), and it generalizes the ordinary distribution. In this work, we consider the standard two-sided power distribution to define other classes like the beta-G and the Kumaraswamy-G classes. We extend the idea of two-sidedness to other ordinary distributions like normal. After studying the basic properties of the new class in general setting, we consider the two-sided generalized normal distribution with maximum likelihood estimation procedure.     

基于家庭收入的保障性住房标准研究

 保障性住房是关系国计民生的重大问题,为使保障性住房充分发挥作用,其准入标准的确定尤为重要。目前我国保障性住房准入标准大都以人均收入作为参考指标,本文旨在测算并确立以家庭收入为参考指标的保障性住房准入标准。由于厦门市保障性住房在全国具有示范效应,故以厦门为例考察基于家庭收入的保障性住房准入标准。根据抽样调查的分组数据界定“中低收入组”,通过正态分布与均匀分布的转换,利用格点映射法,找出覆盖面为40%的收入上限值,即为保障性住房的准入标准。基于此标准,结合“按年人均收入限值”这一指标,将家庭组别按人口细分,划分出针对不同家庭规模的参考准入标准。     

公交车辆在中途站点的排队论分析

公交站台停靠区的排队问题决定了公交车辆的通行能力。把公交中途站台与公交车辆模拟成一个单服务系统、公车到达率 ,两服务率 、 的负指数分布的排队M/M/1/N系统。根据排队论理论,实测计算了北京中关村海淀黄庄、人民大学站点公交车辆排队队长,站内逗留时间等参数。结论为：城市主干道关键站台改造为主、副双公交站台制式以及调整公交线路布设,优化各线路发车频率是花费成本低,畅通成效大的解决站点塞车排队的方法。     

中国的语文现代化事业

中国的语文现代化事业不仅要继续推动文字改革工作,还要实现语言文字的规范化、信息化、国际化。汉语拼音是实现语文现代化的工具。为了普及普通话,使汉语成为国际语言,当务之急是解决制约语文现代化进程的几个瓶颈问题,如语文观念陈旧,缺乏多语种师资和区分同音词的办法等。     

山西省有机农业生产体系的构建

发展有机农业可使现代化农业带来的一系列环境问题得以改善,可为山西经济的发展培养持续产业,可提升山西农业发展的水平;山西省具有发展有机农业的工作基础;山西省有机农业生产体系构建的总体思路是与国际接轨,严格按照国际标准设定,并与“十一五”期间政府财政对农业的扶持相结合,出台相应的政策体系,确保目标的实现。     

生产力标准并非实践标准的具体运用

对生产力标准是实践标准的具体运用的流行观点提出商榷.生产力标准与实践标准属于不同的范畴.前者是历史观方面的命题,后者是认识论方面的命题.两者所适用的检验在对象、性质、依据、内容方面都存在着质的区别.实践标准与生产力标准不是一般原理与个别原理的关系,而是体现真理的客观性与价值性的统一.生产力标准命题是党的政治路线的重大拨乱反正,实现了"文化大革命"结束后的又一次思想大解放.