我国养老机构的地位、性质及运行方式研究

本文从当前养老机构存在的问题入手,通过对服务对象(老人)入住机构的原因和需要的论述,阐明了直接的服务提供主体(养老机构)的地位是长期照顾服务连续体的一个环节,在社会服务体系中发挥托底作用,应该保证较高的服务质量;养老机构在福利社会化的政策背景下兼具福利性和"准市场"性;在运行方式上应该实现各个福利提供主体之间的协调等观点。并通过总结发达国家和地区的相关经验,提出应该明确政府、行业协会、养老机构、市场几个方面的角色地位,协调好相互之间的关系,并注意发展长期性服务项目,进行科学的规划,发展适度普惠型的福利政策等建议。     

批发和零售业在ISIC4.0和NACE2.0中的分类比较研究及启示

 ISIC是世界上对经济活动进行分类的最成熟、最权威、最有影响力的国际标准,而NACE派生于国际标准产业分类体系,是派生型产业分类体系的典型代表。深入了解最新版ISIC4.0和NACE2.0的批发和零售业分类的差别,对我国国民经济行业分类的批发和零售业依据ISIC4.0进行修改和调整具有重要的借鉴价值,同时对正确收集、处理和测算批发和零售业的经济指标以及国际间数据比较至关重要。故本文对上述两大产业分类体系进行比较研究,揭示批发和零售业在上述产业体系中的差别,提出我国国民经济行业分类体系的批发和零售业分类的改进建议。     

Organizational status growth and structure: An alliance network analysis

Considering the status system emerging from a structure of corporate affiliations, we examine how alliance patterns among firms affect their changing organizational statuses and the structural development of the status system itself. Firm status is conceptually grounded in sociological theories of status and network analysis. The empirical setting we investigate is the network of alliances among firms in the Global Information Sector. The results indicate a negative effect of initial firm status on the growth rate of individual status, which is associated with the different patterns of alliance affiliations among firms with different status levels. Affiliation patterns also affect the extent of variation in the gap between status strata and firm mobility along the status hierarchy. The results highlight the importance of understanding the structural aspects underlying firm status attainment.     

Extrapolative simulation of neighborhood networks based on population spatial distribution: Do they predict crime?

Objectives

Previous criminological scholarship has posited that network ties among neighborhood residents may impact crime rates, but has done little to consider the specific ways in which network structure may enhance or inhibit criminal activity. A lack of data on social ties has arguably led to this state of affairs. We propose to avoid this limitation by demonstrating a novel approach of extrapolatively simulating network ties and constructing structural network measures to assess their effect on neighborhood crime rates.

Methods

We first spatially locate the households of a city into their constituent blocks. Then, we employ spatial interaction functions based on prior empirical work and simulate a network of social ties among these residents. From this simulated network, we compute network statistics that more appropriately capture the notions of cohesion and information diffusion that underlie theories of networks and crime.

Results

We show that these network statistics are robust predictors of the levels of crime in five separate cities (above standard controls) at the very micro geographic level of blocks and block groups.

Conclusions

We conclude by considering extensions of the approach that account for homophily in the formation of network ties.     

It's More Than an M‐shape: The Political Economy of Female Non‐Standard Workers in the Republic of Korea

This study examines the re‐entrance of female workers into the Korean labor market. We highlight that women in their 40s have the highest rate of employment among all female workers and that a large proportion of these women are entering into non‐standard employment. In approaching this question, we examine the political economy of this phenomenon by first discussing the demand side of the Korean labor market using the gendering of the varieties of capitalism argument and then the supply side with the work–life balance argument. When examining re‐entrance into the labor market, women with general skills with lower education and higher education both found it more feasible to re‐enter the labor market as non‐standard workers. While work–life balance is a prominent reason for women's choice of opting out of the labor market, work–life balance choice mattered less for women re‐entering the labor market as non‐standard workers in their 40s and 50s but instead firmly based skill formation mattered more. In addition, the retail service industry is suggested to absorb a large number of female workers with lower skill levels who would have had difficulties in re‐entering other male‐oriented companies.     

浙江中小企业专业技术人才队伍建设现状、困境及对策

采用调研分析法对浙江中小企业专业技术人才的现状及建设情况进行了统计分析,结果表明：浙江省目前专业技术人才稀缺突显,中小企业自身乏力,政府、协会、高校助力不足。基于以上结论,建议政府、中小企业、行业协会、高等院校建立多方联动、多维合作的中小企业专业技术人才队伍优化建设机制,保障中小企业在转型升级中稳定发展。     

Gender,Nation, Rape: Bosnia and the Construction of Security

The mass rapes in Bosnia brought gendered security problems onto the international agenda to an unprecedented extent. This article examines the debate surrounding whether these rapes should be characterized as a security problem which warranted international attention and possibly intervention. This debate evolved around the question whether wartime rape should be understood as an individual risk or a collective security problem;and whether it should be defined in national or in gendered terms. The empirical part of the article analyses the three dominant representations of the Bosnian mass rapes: 'rape as normal/Balkan warfare' argued that rape did not constitute a collective security problem and the international community had therefore no reason or responsibility to intervene; the "rape as exceptional/Serbian warfare" representation read the rapes through national lenses and argued that the international community should intervene militarily in defence of the Bosnian government; and the third representation, "Balkan patriarchy", claimed the privileged of a gendered reading of the rapes, the conflict in Bosnian should, according to this discourse, be understood as involving women on the one side and the patriarchal nationalistic leaderships on the other. The article concludes that the political impact of each of the representations is difficult to assess, but that the willingness of the International Crime Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia to pursue rape-related indictments constitutes an important step towards the recognition of wartime rape as a collective security problem.     

废除“嫖宿幼女罪”的研究综述

2008年至2012年在十一届全国人大和全国政协两会期间,多名代表先后提出废除嫖宿幼女罪的议案及提案,引起了社会的强烈反响,之后,该问题遂成为公众议论与关注的焦点,学术界也对之展开了热烈的探讨。为了推进对这一问题的深入研究,很有必要回顾嫖宿幼女罪出台的法律依据和历史背景,考察和分析嫖宿幼女罪的文献和课题研究及网上争论,以及嫖宿幼女罪在法律上存在的弊端,以促进法律体系的不断完善,保证女性在法律上的权利,更好地保护幼女的身心健康,全面促进社会和谐发展。     

How do sexual harassment policies shape gender beliefs? An exploration of the moderating effects of norm adherence and gender

Sexual harassment laws have led to important organizational changes in the workplace yet research continues to document resistance to their implementation and backlash against the people who mobilize such laws. Employing experimental research methods, this study proposes and tests a theory specifying the mechanisms through which sexual harassment policies affect gender beliefs. The findings show evidence that sexual harassment policies strengthen unequal gender beliefs among men and women most committed to traditional gender interaction norms. I also find that men and women’s different structural locations in the status hierarchy lead to different, but related sets of concerns about the status threats posed by sexual harassment policies. By specifying the social psychological processes through which sexual harassment law affects beliefs about men and women, this study sets the stage for investigating ways to make laws designed to reduce inequality between social groups more effective.     

关于建立标准人（Standard Person简写SP）体系的假设

人作为生物,也作为社会成员,他们具有不同的个体特征,但同时又具有共同之处,这些共同之处我们可以从人的身体素质、思想素质和科学文化素质等进行比较。标准人体系假设就是试图从这几个重要因素及其子因素对人的影响中确定一个标准人所拥有的条件,以及各因素对标准人的影响权重,也就是对人的条件进行量化,并提出本假设的目的,解决的问题和作者希望通过本假设对社会学、人口学、人类学、人口社会学等学科的研究提供一种新的视角。