依宪治国加强民主法治建设

回顾现行宪法颁布20年及实施过程中的三次修正的历程,提出依法治国必须首先依宪治国,加强民主法治建设.     

论德国宪法学中的“客观价值秩序”

“客观价值秩序”理论是德国当代宪法学的重要组成部分。该理论以德国基本法中“人性尊严”和“自由民主基本秩序”原则为基础，拓展了基本权利的功能；同时将人民主权等原则转化为国家机构的具体义务；并且将宪法基本权利和国家机构有机联系起来。该理论是战后德国宪法学在价值领域的重要理论：同时也在方法论上受到批评。“客观价值秩序”理论既要防范国家公权力过度侵入私领域，同时又促使国家履行其作为义务。     

完善婚姻成立条件的法律思考

婚姻成立必须符合法定的条件。当前形势的发展使婚姻成立条件进行修改、完善成为必要。在婚姻成立实质条件方面，应明确禁止结婚疾病的种类，在禁止近亲结构的基础上，为符合伦理观念，应规定拟制血亲不得结构；在婚姻成立程序条件方面，应当变登记结婚为公告登记结婚，确定一定的结婚审查期。为减少或避免夫妻财产的不确定应设立婚前财产登记制度和夫妻约定财产制度。     

Europeanization,democratic deficit and the constitutional debate in Estonia

Using the tools of quantitative as well as qualitative discourse analysis, the article examines the patterns of politicization and Europeanization of the Estonian print media debate on the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE) during the reflection period between June 2005 and July 2007. The study arrives at the conclusion that the motive of deliberation behind the reflection period was channelled into an old habit of preferring efficiency, speed, and rationality over the principles of democratic deliberation and participation. Although a certain level of horizontal Europeanization of the media debate was detected, this was accompanied by a low level of politicization, resulting in a passive mode of argumentation and a minimum degree of debate.     

关于宪法双重属性的思考——兼论宪法双重属性的意义

宪法是国家的根本法,具有最高的法律效力。它既规范和限制政府的权利,也保障公民的基本权利;既包含公法规范,也包含私法规范。宪法是公法与私法的辩证否定物,具有公私法双重属性。确认宪法的双重属性,对宪法理论及实践的发展具有重要意义。     

消解冲突视野中的刑事证据规则新理念

发现真实是刑事诉讼的前提和基础,而正当程序是刑事诉讼的基本原则,二者共同服务于刑事诉讼的终极目的———解决刑事纷争。正是刑事诉讼的根本目标决定了三者之间的基本维度,继而生成刑事证据规则新理念。     

美国宪法中财产权的发展及意义

美国宪法发展进程表明,私人财产权在美国立宪时是奠定美国宪政制度的基点,但是在现代美国宪法中,又要将其解释为有限财产权。这表明,宪法保护财产权的基本原则不是单向度的,而是既有排斥干预的基本精神,又有许可有限干预的合理因素。     

宪法价值的规定性

文章在借鉴我国学者的已有研究成果和法的价值的一般分析基础上,指出:所谓宪法价值,就是标志着人与宪法的关系的特殊范畴,是宪法对于人的意义,包括宪法对于人的需要的满足和人对于宪法的期望和评价两个方面.     

墨西哥传统外交思想的萌芽与形成

以主权独立、不干涉、各国主权平等为基础的主权原则是墨西哥传统外交思想的核心 ,它是墨西哥国家苦难经历的产物 ,是墨西哥革命在外交思想上的最高成果。这一外交思想以“1917年宪法”形式固定下来 ,成为墨西哥革命制度党“革命民族主义”意识形态的重要组成部分。     

Traditional Chinese medicine perspective on constitution transformations in perinatal women: A prospective longitudinal study

BackgroundPregnancy is an important stage in life for many women. Humans are complex organisms that are prone to exhibiting gradual alterations in their constitutions that fluctuate with age, diet, and living environment. This is particularly true during the pre- and postnatal periods, in which qi and blood are required to ensure foetal growth.AimTo examine women's constitutional transformation of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum.MethodsA prospective, longitudinal study was conducted, and structural questionnaires were used to collect data. The participants were healthy pregnant women 21–49 years of age. Data were collected at six times: during the first (weeks 6–13), second (weeks 14–27), and third (weeks 28–40) trimesters and during the postnatal admission (1-week postnatal) and home self-care (6-week and 6-month postnatal) periods, yielding 86 valid questionnaires. A cubic polynomial regression analyses with generalised estimation equations (GEEs) method was used to reveal the trend of constitution score by different constitutions.FindingsSignificant differences (p < .0001) for the scores of Yang-Xu (yang-deficiency), Yin-Xu (yin-deficiency), and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi (phlegm-dampness and blood-stasis) constitutions were observed at pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and 6 months postpartum. A least significant difference test showed that the scores obtained in the pregnancy period and at 6 months postpartum were higher than those of pre-pregnancy, indicating mitigated constitutional imbalance during postpartum. The highest scores of the Yang-Xu and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi constitutions occurred in the first trimester (36.02 ± 8.00 vs. 30.00 ± 7.21), and the highest scores of Yin-Xu constitution occurred in the third trimester (32.95 ± 7.48). The lowest scores of the Yang-Xu constitution were obtained at 6 months postpartum (25.24 ± 5.63) and during pre-pregnancy (25.26 ± 4.82), and those of the Yin-Xu and Tan-Shi-Yu-Zhi constitutions were observed in the pre-pregnancy (25.48 ± 4.46 vs. 19.94 ± 3.09). The 6-month postnatal scores of the Yang-Xu constitution nearly recovered to the prenatal level, whereas those of the other two constitutions did not.ConclusionThe results indicate that women's constitutions underwent changes throughout the perinatal stages. These findings provide a valuable reference for healthcare professionals in administering perinatal care and demonstrate empirical evidence for use in future intervention-based research.