青少年社区矫正多元主体协同创新机制研究

鉴于青少年社区矫正的复杂性与艰巨性,随着青少年社区矫正的全面推广,其多元主体协同创新机制显得尤为重要.多元主体协同创新机制的建立,需要在社会治理理念引导下,政府、企业、社会组织和社区多元主体的协调共同参与.具体而言,以社区矫正立法为核心,建立各部门之间的工作协调机制;建立立足社区的青少年社区矫正个人负责机制;建立政府购买的矫正工作服务供给机制.     

能源财产权利冲突及解决机制

能源立法的不足和能源资源自然状况的复杂性,使得能源财产权利冲突频现。从立法与实践层面对能源财产权利的冲突进行类型化研究,将其分为能源财产权利之间的内部冲突和能源财产权利与其他权利的外部冲突两类进行考察。主张权利冲突的解决应坚持在先权利优先申请、不得损害在先权利、价值衡量、协调促进以及合理使用与限制5项基本原则。在此基础上,探讨重叠能源财产权利之间的冲突、能源财产权利与土地权利的冲突以及能源财产权利与海域使用权的冲突3种典型的权利冲突的原因及解决机制,以期协调与完善能源财产权利体系。     

东北农民工职业技能培训的相关问题研究

通过对东北农民工职业技能培训特殊性进行分析,总结了东北农民工职业技能培训的现状及存在的问题,并结合东北地区自身的发展特点,从完善培训机制、提高培训质量角度出发,提出了东北农民工建设高效务实职业技能培训的对策与建议。     

社会运动何以在中国产生——中国社会运动的海外研究及其进展

随着20世纪80年代以来社会变迁的急剧加速，社会运动也在中国不断发展。围绕着社会运动何以在中国产生这一核心问题，海外学者从动力机制、制度条件、动员模式等方面探讨了当下中国社会运动产生的繁芜背景，并分析了这一现象对于中国政治所可能产生的复杂影响。随着研究的进一步深入，量化和比较的研究方法正不断增加，而理论建设型研究也将不断发展。     

Relations between environmental problems,psychology and health among shift-workers in the Norwegian process industry

Abstract

A group of 89 male shift-workers, mean age 38 years, was examined for health complaints, subjective experience of their work environment, psychological defence strategies, and immunological factors. They worked in a process industry, controlling a complex chemical process partly by instruments and partly by direct checking of mechanical devices such as valves. Shifts were eight hours long and changed every second week.

The main problem areas identified were problems with the management, colleagues and superiors, feelings of being under-valued, time pressure, fear of making mistakes, and lack of influence and communication. The main health complaints were sleep disturbance and gastro-intestinal problems. Shift workers also complained about allergies, breathing difficulties, tension, anxiety and depression. There were no pathological levels of plasma immunoglobulins (Ig) or Ig complements. However, levels did correlate with experience of work-related problems and with measures of defence mechanisms. Up to 25% of the variance in die immunological indicators was explained by a combination of defence mechanism scores and those of perceived health and work problems. This suggests that immunoglobulins may be an indicator of work-related health risks (‘stress’), even if the level of explained variance is too low to use immunoglobulins alone as a ‘marker’. The same variables, and immunoglobulins, also related significantly to perceived health. This may be a particularly important indicator, and when combined with immunology and psychological variables, also as a risk factor for organic disease.     

基于文化作用机制分析的艾滋病预防控制对策研究——以云南为例

艾滋病的流行与扩散受多种因素的影响与制约,其中文化因素起着潜在的但效应极强的影响作用。通过分析文化与艾滋病流行扩散的相互关系,以及云南艾滋病亚文化的形成和发展,对云南艾滋病流行扩散的文化作用机制进行了分析．提出了基于文化作用机制的云南艾滋病预防控制对策,将文化因素融入到艾滋病的防治中,对于提高艾滋病的防治成效将起到积极的促进作用。     

Occupational aspirations and ethnic school segregation: social contagion effects among native German and immigrant youths

In this study, I broaden the perspective on young immigrants’ aspirations by looking at their social embeddedness in the host society in terms of their institutionally predefined ties to school peers. In particular, I investigate the relationship between the aspirations of immigrant and native youths with special regard to the social mechanisms that may underlie peer influences. My analyses are based on multilevel data on ninth graders from the German National Educational Panel Study. The results show that a high ratio of immigrants in schools positively influences the aspirations of both immigrant and native German youths by way of school climate. However, the same context has different effects on different groups of origin. For those of Turkish descent, ‘ethnic schools’ are of twofold significance: first, the aspiration gap between Turks and native Germans decreases with increasing segregation, an effect that may be attributable to less perceived discriminatory experiences in school. Second, Turkish young people's stronger adaptation to the climate in ethnically segregated schools reinforces the protective effect of ethnic segregation and, additionally, lowers the aspirations of these youths. That is, immigrants’ stronger orientation towards their in-group seems to contribute to a buffer against discrimination.     

In search of experiential knowledge

In recent years, the concept of “experiential knowledge” has increasingly been used to characterize the distinctive contribution patients make to decision-making in the health field. Even though it seems well-nigh impossible to characterize it precisely, there is no doubting its significance for decision-making contexts ranging from the individual to the political. Since individual experiences of any condition or treatment differ widely, whose experiences come to constitute “knowledge”? In this paper, I argue that, rhetoric notwithstanding, numerous constraints “filter” the experiences which come to function as “experiential knowledge”. Looking to the future of health care, likely to be marked by growing inequalities, I suggest that a reflection on the notion of experiential knowledge leads to two challenges for social scientists.     

非传统安全视阈下高校学生网络舆情管控机制研究

网络舆情多元化是网络信息泛化的必然结果,更是高校学生工作关注的重点与难点.近年来,以信息安全为中心的非传统安全问题凸显,逐渐成为影响国家安全稳定的重要因素,进行信息管控显得更加迫切.目前来看,网络舆情管控已经取得了一定的成效,但在信息真伪甄别、传输渠道管控、传输效果评估等方面仍然矛盾突出,高校应建立全方位的应急管控机制,从危机管理理论入手,建立三级网络舆情监控体系,按照事前、事中、事后的顺序,分别从预警机制、应急机制、反馈机制等方面进行建设.     

构建和谐劳动关系的困境与对策

建立和谐稳定的劳动关系是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要基础和基本内容。本文探究了当前我国劳动关系主体多元化、复杂化,劳动关系的调整机制不健全,劳动关系出现诸多不和谐等状况,分析了制约和谐劳动关系建立的多方面因素,积极探寻构建和谐劳动关系的途径,促进和谐劳动关系的形成。