A Comparison of Some Distance-Based Choice Rules in Ranking Environments

We discuss the relationships between positional rules (such as plurality and approval voting as well as the Borda count), Dodgsons, Kemenys and Litvaks methods of reaching consensus. The discrepancies between methods are seen as results of different intuitive conceptions of consensus goal states and ways of measuring distances therefrom. Saaris geometric methodology is resorted to in the analysis of the consensus reaching methods.     

论巴赫金的自我理论及其文化精神

巴赫金的自我理论体现了西方哲学人类学化的倾向,以及二十世纪西方文化精神的深刻改变。     

A Paretian liberal dilemma without collective rationality

This note proposes a principle of liberalism which is a simple and plausible variant of Sen's principle of minimal liberalism. The former principle is shown to be incompatible with the weak Pareto principle; and this impossibility result is not dependent on the preference-aggregating rule being restricted by any collective rationality condition.     

Sociophonetic variation in a long‐term language contact situation: /l/‐darkening in Welsh‐English bilingual speech

This study investigates /l/‐darkening in the Welsh and English speech of bilinguals in North Wales. Although it is claimed that /l/ is dark in all syllable positions in northern varieties of both languages, there have been no quantitative investigations of this feature which consider cross‐linguistic phonetic differences, the differing nature of language contact between North East and North West Wales, and differences in the way both languages are acquired by speakers. The dataset of 32 Welsh‐English bilinguals, aged 16–18, was stratified by speaker sex, home language, and area. Tokens of /l/ in word‐initial onset and word‐final coda positions were analysed acoustically. The results show cross‐linguistic differences in onset position and that such differences were found to be greater in the speech of female speakers. Differences were also found between the two areas. These results are discussed with reference to the influence of extra‐linguistic factors on speech production and the possible social meaning associated with dark /l/.     

宪政之路与依法治国

宪法是宪政的前提 ,宪政则是以宪法为根本准则的治国方式 ,宪政的核心是依宪治国 ,而依法治国必须首先依宪治国。宪法是依法治国的根本前提、依据和保障。实现依法治国必须完善社会主义法律体系 ,增强全民的法律意识和法治观念 ,严格行政执法和公正司法 ,强化监督制约机制 ,建设高素质的执法、司法队伍 ,加强和改善党的领导。唯有如此 ,我们才能完成由人治向法治的新跨越 ,把我国建设成为经济繁荣、政治清明、法制完备的社会主义法治国家。     

安徽怀远话的“嵌l词”

怀远话属于江淮官话,有大量的嵌l词。文章通过对怀远话中嵌l词的分析研究,以及与其他方言嵌l词的比较,得出这类词语的特点。嵌l词的研究可以为汉语方言以及汉语史的研究提供材料依据。     

悖论与人类对无限的认识

悖论与人类对无限的认识存在着密切的关系。人类对无限认识的不足,是许多悖论产生的重要原因;而涉及无限的悖论的提出和研究,有力地推进人们对无限的认识。人类对无限认识的深化,既促进语形悖论和经验科学悖论的消解,也促进语义悖论的消解。科学领域中的悖论是引导人们探索未知领域的向导,具有重要的方法论意义。     

论国际私法中的意思自治原则

国际私法中的意思自治原则 (principleoftheautonomyofwill)是指国际合同的当事人有权合意选择合同的准据法。该原则经法国学者杜摩林首先提出以后 ,即受到国际社会的普遍关注 ,至今已发展成为世界各国确定国际合同准据法的基本原则。本文就意思自治原则的创立与发展、理论学说、适用与限制以及中国立法中的意思自治原则与完善等问题进行深入的探讨     

夏竦应制诗研究

应制诗是应帝王之命而作的诗歌,在宋初很盛行。夏竦的身份和所处的地位决定了他的应制诗不仅数量多,而且有相当的特色。夏竦的应制诗内容广泛,诸如朝廷大典、战事捷报、自然天象、瑞物呈现、园苑饯行、读经阅史等等,可谓洋洋大观。在诗歌的艺术特色上,表现为富贵雍容的气象与典雅庄重的气度。这些诗作不但抒发了夏竦自身的情感,同时也反映了当时的时代环境、社会风气以及文化政策等诸方面情况。     

试论当代儒学复兴的三个面向及其可能性

当代儒学复兴要在三个方面展开自己的新论述,面对当前的国际形势力,儒家应当基于传统的王道天下观发展出新的促进世界和平的国际政治理想;对于整饧人心而言,儒家应当基于传统的仁学思想发展出新仁学思想理论,从而建立一个可与基督教理论相抗衡的精神与道德信仰系统。针对个人在现代工商业社会的生活状态而言,应当发展出一套能为个人修身提供有效方法的道德实践哲学,从而发展儒家式的为己之学。