儒学的"内在超越性"与"历史总体"问题——从分析牟宗三、李泽厚、安乐哲诸观点出发

近代以来,儒学的宗教性问题成为儒学研究的焦点,当代新儒家兴起后,这一问题转化为对儒学超越性的讨论。针对牟宗三的内在超越性经由实体化的心体走向独断论,李泽厚与安乐哲提出了不同观点。李泽厚反对任何形式的超越性,主张以情本体来取代超越性;安乐哲则强调应该消解儒学的超越性本质,代之以开放性的过程哲学。但二人皆有从根本上取消儒学超越性品格之嫌。通过吸收三家的观点,在李泽厚礼由俗出和文化积淀说的基础上,本文提出,应该从历史总体的视角来分析儒学超越性问题。在这一视角中,一方面,儒学具有内在超越性的品格,另一方面,这种内在超越性应该来源于开放性的不断发展的社会历史过程。     

基于结构方程建模的区域科技创新能力评价

现有区域科技创新能力评价方法大多忽视了指标体系中各因素之间可能存在的相关关系和层级差异。结构方程建模能够过滤误差、同时考察不同层级变量间的直接作用与间接作用,找出变量间存在的内在结构关系,在分析区域科技创新能力评价指标体系各种变量间多种关系方面具有可行性和必要性。应用SEM时除了要注意选取恰当指标、构建合适模型以外,还应注意对样本容量、缺失数据的处理和信度效度的检验。     

碳中和愿景的实现路径与政策体系

实现“碳中和”需要科技支撑,这就要求全球积极开展绿色低碳科技合作。作为重要参与者和引领者,中欧科技合作对全球气候治理具有重要价值。基于国际合作的理论框架,采用案例研究和过程追踪方法,选取丹麦、芬兰、瑞典为主要合作对象。一方面,三国积极塑造欧盟全球气候政治领导者的形象,在欧盟绿色转型中发挥着重要作用,体现欧盟动向。另一方面,三国与中国的绿色低碳科技合作具有较长的历史和较好的效果。研究发现：三国对华气候合作具有不同的动因,其偏好也存在差异。具体而言,丹麦与中国侧重绿色能源转型合作;瑞典与中国侧重可再生能源、环境保护领域和可持续发展领域的合作;而芬兰则同中国更为重视清洁技术和循环经济领域的合作。在这一背景下,强化中国同北欧三国的合作有助于提升中欧气候合作的整体水平,巩固绿色低碳技术和产业链的合作基础,增进中欧信任,并共同推动国际气候治理进程。     

Inclusive innovation and the role of technological capability-building: The social business Grameen Danone Foods Limited in Bangladesh

This article examines how a least developed country-based social business first creates operational capabilities (OCs) and then, over time, builds innovative capabilities (ICs) to fulfil a social need, be self-sustainable and achieve inclusive innovation. This relationship is examined in Bangladesh's Grameen Danone Foods Limited (GDFL) by integrating the technological capability and inclusive innovation theoretical frameworks and by using data gathered through extensive fieldwork. Broadly, our findings show how GDFL built and accumulated basic and intermediate ICs to undertake innovative activities in all areas of operation. Specifically, our findings scrutinize the process in which a social business develops and organizes its resources to initially build OCs and engage in the creation of ICs through various learning mechanisms to deliver inclusive innovation. From this process, we also observe a set of unpredicted positive spillovers to the community, which expands the inclusiveness effect. The findings also suggest that having a social orientation, triggers the use of different resources from within and outside the firm to achieve inclusive innovation. We conclude by discussing the study's implications for scholars, policy-makers and managers of multinational's social businesses. We also highlight future research areas, and crucially those related to key emerging conceptual limitations of inclusive innovation and development.     

Multivariate control chart based on the highest possibility region

The T ² control chart is widely adopted in multivariate statistical process control. However, when dealing with asymmetrical or multimodal distributions using the traditional T ² control chart, some points with relatively high occurrence possibility might be excluded, while some points with relatively low occurrence possibility might be accepted. Motived by the thought of the highest posterior density credible region, we develop a control chart based on the highest possibility region to solve this problem. It is shown that the proposed multivariate control chart will not only meet the false alarm requirement, but also ensure that all the in-control points are with relatively high occurrence possibility. The advantages and effectiveness of the proposed control chart are demonstrated by some numerical examples in the end.     

A Modification on the Friedman Test Statistic

A modification on the well-known, nonparametric Friedman test statistic is suggested in this article. Probability distributions of the suggested test statistic under the null hypothesis are tabulated for some small sample cases. In addition to an example, simulation results for various sample sizes are presented. The simulation indicates that the modified test statistic performs better than the Friedman test in detecting treatment effects of small differences especially when the sample size is small.     

Comment on “a new statistic for testing suspected outliers”

A new statistic proposed by Tiku (1975) is compared with the Ferguson (1961) and Pearson-Chandra Sekar (1936) statistics. A simulation suggests that the new statistic is not superior to the Pearson-Chandra Sekar statistic when performance is assessed by the power of the test against the Dixon (1950) alternative.     

山西省R＆D投入与经济增长的关联度分析

运用T型关联度方法,分析了山西省R＆D投入与经济增长的关联性;通过计算得出,山西省R＆D投入与经济增长的关联度总体上有正的关联,R＆D经费投入对经济增长有显著作用;在研发各执行部门中,企业的R＆D经费投入与经济增长关联度最高。针对这种情况,提出了对山西省科技投入的相关建议。     

意象 寓意 讽刺──评T．S．艾略特的《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》

由于深受意象派的影响，Ｔ．Ｓ．艾略特在其第一首也是意义深远的《普鲁弗洛克》中尝试运用了意象派的创作技巧。诗中他通过一个充满意象和引喻的典型生活背景以及通过把独白者的所忧所虑和古典作品中一些典范人物的所做所为联系起来，生动地描述了文明社会的生活图景，籍以揭示出两类人物的不同生活态度和追求，从而成功地展示了现代人的毫无意义和空虚的生活，预示了现代文明所必然带来的恶果。     

论狄金森诗歌意象对现代主义的启示

艾米莉·狄金森是19世纪美国著名女诗人,她极具个牲特征,超前的诗歌意象表现手法确立了她作为美国第一个现代派诗人的崇高地位。她的诗学理论和诗歌创作技巧与20世纪初开现代诗歌先河的英美意象派理论和文学鉴赏大师T．S.艾略特提出的“非个性化”。“客观对应物”的理论都有惊人相似的吻合。本文拟从狄金森意象这一角度,介绍意象派和T．S艾略特的诗歌理论和创作技巧,以论述狄金森诗歌意象对现代主义的启示。