深圳经济发展的战略分析

本文对深圳经济后１５年发展具有长远意义的战略因素和战略措施进行分析和评论，并就经济发展的指导思想定位作了简要探讨。     

Evaluating a private foundation's health program

Public policy decisions in health are increasingly difficult and expensive. Although there will never be enough information available, private foundations can help to bridge the most important gaps in knowledge. Larger foundations may also wish to respond to those who doubt the value of foundation activities. This article reviews the experiences over the past eight years of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in employing evaluation and related social research procedures in the planning and implementation of a major philanthropic effort to improve the health and medical care of Americans. Discussed are the still evolving Foundation evaluation framework, the unanticipated problems in undertaking specific evaluations, and the substantive findings of some of the studies.     

Network analysis in evaluation: some words of caution

Network analysis, a methodology derived from general systems' theory, can be utilized as a community mental health administrative-evaluation procedure. Evaluation parameters derived from analysis of patient data as they “flow” through a network of agency services, provide measures of systemic functioning. These parameters include “longest paths” and various ratio relationships as evaluation measures of service delivery. The limitations of network analysis are examined by means of conceptual analyses, and phenomena that emerged from research experience. The necessity for both quantitative and qualitative data to ensure a meaningful evaluation of mental health services is explained. Conclusions about the value of the network analysis approach are considered.     

我国上市公司盈余管理行为的实证分析

我国证券市场存在较为严重的盈余管理现象.针对该现象,本文从盈余管理动机出发,分析我国上市公司盈余管理的行为特征.本文采用管理后盈余分布法,研究了我国上市公司2001年至2003年净资产收益率(ROE)的分布特征,发现我国上市公司仍然存在很强的盈余管理动机,而且我国上市公司盈余管理的行为受到政府监管的影响.最后,本文在实证研究的基础上提出了治理盈余管理的几点建议.     

语域与翻译

英语在其运用过程中,要求在分清语域的前提下使用得体的语言。得体语言的掌握和运用需要具有选择语域的能力,领悟不同语域差异的认知能力,以及处理好不同语域中恰当对应词的翻译能力。     

美国联邦政府社区“一老一小”代际间互助项目的价值取向与运行机制——美国代理祖父母志愿者项目的经验

美国代理祖父母志愿者项目是借助代际间服务型学习方法,以满足社区需求为导向,利用各类资源实施的一种社区教育和服务活动,旨在改善老年人生活质量,促进老年人和儿童青少年共同发展,构建互利共生社区服务型学习生态。其运行机制包括涵盖招募选拔、志愿者培训、服务实践和绩效评估四个环节及分工明确的协同合作。其项目实践以循证服务模式为依托,项目设计与运行保持了一定的自主性,效果评估体现了综合多维性。美国代理祖父母志愿者项目可以为我国发挥社区作用,推动社区教育发展,促进养老托幼一体化服务建设,构建互利共生的服务型学习生态提供参考借鉴。     

项目援助与西藏经济发展

本文讨论了援助西藏项目的成就与局限。作者通过个案调查和文献资料梳理发现,援助西藏的经济建设项目取得了巨大成就,但项目的社会和经济效益表现得参差多态。由政府主导资源配置实施的项目援藏,强化了计划经济,导致资源配置的低效,有可能带来援助依赖。     

草地早熟禾主要经济性状间的灰色关联分析

应用灰色关联分析方法研究了坪用草地早熟禾地上生物量、生殖枝数、生殖枝高、穗长、穗粒数、结实率等6个主要经济性状与种子产量以及各性状之间的关联程度。结果表明,各性状与种子产量之间的关联度大小依次为单位面积生殖枝数＞单位面积地上生物量＞生殖技高＞穗长＞结实率＞穗粒数。地上生物量对生殖校高、生殖枝数和穗长的影响较大。     

北方高寒地区塑膜暖棚育肥蒙古羊试验

对25岁淘汰蒙古羊进行了50天的冬季暖棚育肥试验,取得了显著的育肥效果。通过舍饲,试验组羊只期末体重4557kg,期增重686kg,平均日增重0137kg,分别比对照组的3973kg、127kg、0069kg多584kg(P<001).559kg(P<001).0068kg(P<001).试验组羊只胴体重、净肉重、净肉率、屠宰率均极显著或显著高于对照组。经核算试验组每只比对照组多收入2668元。     

Communicating future water needs to an at-risk population: lessons learned following defeat of the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project in San Antonio,Texas

San Antonio, Texas, the seventh largest city in the United States, has experienced steady population growth, since the “boom” of the 1960s. Projected water shortages due to this growth were realized as early as the 1970s by city leaders and south-central Texas regional development decision makers. To reduce dependence on the already over-taxed, Edwards aquifer, a solution, the Applewhite Dam and Reservoir Project, was developed with wide acceptance by federal, state, and city leaders who regarded the project as a necessary measure for regional growth and development. However, opposition by taxpayer and environmental groups led to referendums of 1991 and 1994 in which voters blocked construction of the dam and reservoir leaving the city with limited options for water provision. This case study investigated the factors which led to a clear mismatch in communication between decision makers—those who were aware of the actual and quantifiable risk to the region in terms of reduced water supplies—and the general public, a population that did not have complete and/or adequate knowledge of their actual risk regarding future water shortages, nor, of solutions being developed, such as the Applewhite project. The findings from this case study indicate that when municipal leadership fails to adequately communicate risk regarding resource shortage to an affected public, as well as, openly planned solutions, that voters are likely to underestimate future impacts of water shortages, heed last-minute opposition, and reject long-standing, publicly proposed projects. The intent of this research is not to support either side in the Applewhite controversy, but to shed perspective on the process of adequately and effectively communicating future water needs to an at-risk population. Decision makers in cities across the United States who are faced with solving problems of limited resources needed by a large populace may be informed by the results of this research.