R-CMap—An open-source software for concept mapping

Planning and evaluating projects often involves input from many stakeholders. Fusing and organizing many different ideas, opinions, and interpretations into a coherent and acceptable plan or project evaluation is challenging. This is especially true when seeking contributions from a large number of participants, especially when not all can participate in group discussions, or when some prefer to contribute their perspectives anonymously. One of the major breakthroughs in the area of evaluation and program planning has been the use of graphical tools to represent the brainstorming process. This provides a quantitative framework for organizing ideas and general concepts into simple-to-interpret graphs. We developed a new, open-source concept mapping software called R-CMap, which is implemented in R. This software provides a graphical user interface to guide users through the analytical process of concept mapping. The R-CMap software allows users to generate a variety of plots, including cluster maps, point rating and cluster rating maps, as well as pattern matching and go-zone plots. Additionally, R-CMap is capable of generating detailed reports that contain useful statistical summaries of the data. The plots and reports can be embedded in Microsoft Office tools such as Word and PowerPoint, where users may manually adjust various plot and table features to achieve the best visual results in their presentations and official reports. The graphical user interface of R-CMap allows users to define cluster names, change the number of clusters, select rating variables for relevant plots, and importantly, select subsets of respondents by demographic criteria. The latter is particularly useful to project managers in order to identify different patterns of preferences by subpopulations. R-CMap is user-friendly, and does not require any programming experience. However, proficient R users can add to its functionality by directly accessing built-in functions in R and sharing new features with the concept mapping community.     

共名状态下“母亲”的伦理困境——社会学视角

《母亲》是赛珍珠荣获诺贝尔文学奖的七部作品之一,也是赛珍珠作品中最为独特的一部.“母亲”的共名身份,是在特定生存环境所编织而就的伦理关系网中确立的;其身份危机与角色冲突导致了一系列伦理困境:“母亲”的生命冲动与生活其间的社会空间、物质空间、精神空间冲突产生的伦理困境,诚实与谎言、忠诚与背叛、珍视生命与对生命扼杀两难导致的罪与罚的伦理困境,女性身份认同与性别歧视观念的矛盾导致的伦理困境等.赛珍珠用“共名”身份塑造的母亲形象,使“母亲”成为中国劳动母亲们的典型形象,因而超越了个体意义而具有了普适性特征.     

近十年《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》的研究述评

《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》是毛泽东在我国社会主义建设早期,对马克思主义矛盾学说理论进行阐释的十分重要的经典著作之一.它的发表对于正确认识和处理我国社会主义建设时期的人民内部矛盾,提供了科学的理论遵循和方法借鉴,并产生了重大影响.学界近十年对《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》的研究,产生了大量的优秀理论成果,主要涉及文本的解读、历史的考察、哲学的思考、思政教育探析、当代价值、意义和启示等层面,但同时也存在一些问题,如研究视域相对狭小、研究深度相对不够、研究内容相对零碎、研究范式相对僵化、研究层面相对失衡等.学界需要在继承原有研究成果基础之上,扩大研究视野、创新研究范式、平衡研究层面,来促进《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》研究的不断深化.     

Strange Bedfellows: Anachronisms,Identity Politics,and the Queer Case of Trans*

This article explores trans identities, as articulated within a few historical texts. From early literary depictions of gender difference, to medicalized conceptions of transsexualism, to a proliferation of trans and queer identities represented by an ever-expanding “alphabet soup” of identity labels, our understandings of identities, sexualities, and queer community-building continue to change. I use the notion of “kind-making,” as elaborated on in the work of Ian Hacking, to illustrate that some queer and trans identifications are affiliative, whereas others are contrastive or oppositional in nature, and these structural differences have important implications with respect to understanding identity and sexuality, and also trans inclusion within LGBT communities and activist efforts.     

Jia’s The Chinese Version

Abstract

The Chinese Character Simplification Programme of 1955–1957 that remains a national standard by force of law in the People’s Republic of China, not only degraded the aesthetic properties of the Chinese written character, but also hindered literacy by means of a haphazard formal reduction of the number of strokes, and by eliminating two-thirds of characters from the lexicon of those allowed for publication. In The Chinese Version painting series by Jia (b.1979), the artist arranges Chinese characters according to formal rather than semantic criteria, in order to generate by means of their juxtaposition, abstract or figurative patterns. Each character may retain its individual meaning, but not its function as a sequential syntagm. This strategy invests the characters with a formal aspect to ‘return’ that which was mutilated by the Simplification Programme. As the Simplification Programme’s formal changes ended characters’ role as image-signs, the artist’s choice to present each work as a painting alludes to their lost image capacity while appearing to imitate the outward aspect of printed characters, thereby implicitly turning against itself the pretext of character simplification for the sake of efficiency.     

意向性与心灵的“分界面”——普特南实在论思想探析

普特南通过意向性问题深入实在论研究,分析了形而上学实在论的缺失,指出意向性的非还原性和开放型的构造,并且把意向性延伸到逻辑学、伦理学、宗教学等领域。在这个基础上,普特南试图通过消解实在与心灵之间的分界面来避免实在论的二律背反,进而从内在实在论走向直接实在论。     

国家起源论

国家是拥有最高权力及其管理组织或政府的社会,是最大且最高的社会。因此,一方面,从人的社会本性来看,国家必然起源于每个人对于社会最大化的需要和使各种社会成为一个统一整体的需要。这是国家的内在的、间接的和终级的起源。另一方面,从国家实际的产生状况来看,任何权力无疑必然都产生、形成和起源于社会成员的普遍同意;最高权力属于权力范畴,因而必定产生、形成和起源于社会成员的普遍同意。任何两个以上的人就某种利益交换关系所达成的同意无疑都是契约。于是,最高权力或国家便必然直接产生、形成和起源于契约,起源于社会成员就最高权力所关涉的权利与义务等利益之交换所缔结的契约。但究竟起源于何种最高权力契约则是偶然的:唯有起源于民主地缔结的民主的最高权力契约,才是善的、应该的和道德的;否则便是恶的、不应该和不道德的。这是国家的直接的外在的起源。     

向边疆布道:中华国内布道会史初探

中华国内布道会源于1918年8月中外基督徒在庐山举行的一次灵修会,七位著名华人信徒提议向云南宣教,先于1919年4月成立"中华国内布道会云南之部",后于1920年7月改称"中华国内布道会"。该会先后在云南、黑龙江、蒙古、四川会理开辟教区。该会开启了华人信徒边疆布道的先河,也是当时本色教会运动的一部分,女基督徒在其中扮演了很重要的角色。     

《韩诗外传》与先秦《诗》学渊源关系探略

相对于齐《诗》、鲁《诗》,《韩诗外传》保存完整。《韩诗外传》的引《诗》与《左传》引《诗》取义、孔门诗教、孟子以意逆志说、《荀子》用《诗》有非常密切的关系。《韩诗外传》的解《诗》与先秦传《诗》方式一脉相承,直接承继先秦《诗》学精神而来。     

从哲学家到共产主义者

《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》第十一务：“以往的哲学家们只是解释世界,而问题在于改变世界。”这是学者从马克思著作中引用最多和最熟悉的经典名句。然而学者无论在直观表象理解上,还是深度逻辑把握上,对其解释都不曾达成共识,甚至呈现巨大的歧义。批判以往解读方式的两个预设前提,新的解读方式旨在从马克思思想自身发展的内在逻辑出发诠释其本意。第十一条表明马克思思想发展的根本转变——从哲学家到共产主义者的身份转变．从哲学（理论）为根基到以现实世界（历史）为根基的转变。