毛泽东与“另起炉灶”的外交战略理论和实践

建国之时,毛泽东和党中央根据当时的国际形势,从中国人民的根本利益出发,提出和实施“另起炉灶”的外交战略,成为新中国在当时最重要的外交方略之一。“另起炉灶”外交战略理论的提出实施,彻底划清了新中国外交与旧中国外交的界限,从根本上维护了“一个中国”的原则,使新中国走上了真正独立自主的道路。因此,“另起炉灶”的外交战略理论不仅具有伟大的历史意义,而且具有伟大的现实意义。     

Challenge of multi-level governance in developing countries and possible GIS applications

Of the three most prominent issues in governance discourse—the horizontal coordination of markets, government hierarchies and networks, global governance and multi-level governance—this paper argues that the last, developing and sustaining structures of multi-level governance, constitutes the most profound governance challenge for most developing countries.The paper identifies the major forces promoting change in favor of multi-level governance in developing countries. Using the growing literature and comparative national experiences (illustrated with the examples of India, the Philippines, Colombia and Nigeria), it highlights the key achievements of democratic decentralization as well as its nagging problems in these countries. Finally, the paper demonstrates the significance of these developments for democracy and development in these countries and shows some of the ways by which external partners—especially experts associated with the Geographic Information Systems for Developing Countries can assist and possibly benefit from this process.     

Effects of Marriage and Children on Financial Risk Tolerance: A Synthesis of Family Development and Prospect Theory

Family development and prospect theory were used as a framework to predict variability in individuals' subjective financial risk tolerance within distinct family structures. Gender, age, and income were expected to interact with the main effects of family structure (marital status and children). Theory-generated hypotheses were examined in Study 1 (data from university housing respondents, n = 76) and Study 2 (the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances, n = 4,305). One family structure main effect (child presence) was significant for investment risk tolerance in both studies. Family structure interactions (marital status × age and child × income) were significant for employment risk (Study 1), and child × age was significant for investment risk in Study 2.     

国际营销中产品的包装、促销与传播学

全球经济一体化和企业国际化要求企业必须面对国际市场,参与国际竞争而重视国际营销则是颇为重要的方面。据此从包装的重要性出发,阐述了包装对于促销的意义、发展,进而论述了竞争整合营销传播战略对于企业的要求。     

Modeling cooperation among self-interested agents: a critique

This paper reviews recent attempts to model cooperation in groups of self-interested unrelated individuals. It concludes that no empirically plausible model has been developed, and the economist's quest for an explanation of human prosociality in terms of self-interested agents has not been successful. We show that the equilibrium criteria employed in standard game-theoretic models have no attractive dynamic properties, and the mechanisms deployed in these models are not generally seen in empirical examples of cooperative groups. We also show that these models are not robust to plausible rates of signaling error and mutation. We present an alternative, involving strongly reciprocal agents, that satisfies all the requirements for a dynamically stable model of cooperation.     

Robustness of a Class of Partial Diallel Cross Designs to the Unavailability of a Complete Block of Observations

Complete and partial diallel cross designs are examined as to their construction and robustness against the loss of a block of observations. A simple generalized inverse is found for the information matrix of the line effects, which allows evaluation of expressions for the variances of the line-effect differences with and without the missing block. A-efficiencies, based on average variances of the elementary contrasts of the line-effects, suggest that these designs are fairly robust. The loss of efficiency is generally less than 10%, but it is shown that specific comparisons might suffer a loss of efficiency of as much as 40%.     

谭献词学理论的继承与创新

谭献是晚清一位词学大家 ,在继承常州派张惠言、周济词学理论的基础上 ,根据自己创作和整理词集的经验和心得 ,提出了新的词学观点 ,进一步完善了常州派词论 ,对中国词学理论有杰出的贡献。谭献的词论主要有 :一、继承常州词派的观点 ,继续推尊词体。二、在词的创作方面 ,提倡比兴柔厚。三、在词的鉴赏批评上 ,提出“作者之用心未必然 ,读者之用心何必不然”的著名观点。     

GPS接收机P(Y)直捕方法研究

GPS接收机P(Y)直捕算法是基于存储的滑动相关搜索,并利用FFT将时频二维联合搜索变成时域一维搜索。同时,考虑位同步点已知的条件,接收资源池只需存储一段接收序列,缩短了捕获时间且利于硬件实现。仿真结果表明,多普勒频移为±5kHz时,所带来的峰值衰减为2dB左右,本地信号与接收信号对齐时出现明显的相关峰,很好地实现了捕获功能;提出了用重叠分段补零FFT操作实现并行相关,成倍降低了捕获时间;提出了利用位同步信息,避免了码极性翻转可能引起的信噪比损耗;针对码相位漂移,提出了优化捕获策略,可在短时间内完成重捕。     

统计执法的博弈分析

针对目前中国统计数据失真相当严重并引起社会各界普遍关注的现象，运用博弈论作为分析工具，引入重复博弈研究了统计执法中数据报方与查方的利益冲突关系，从统计执法的角度揭示了统计数据失真的主要原因，并提出了相应的五项对策。     

中古史书勘误三则

中华书局点校本中古史书是我们研究中古史料的最易得、最权威的本子。由于史书涉及内容广泛，在标点和校勘中难免存在一些可商榷之处。笔者谨将日前所见中古史书点校中的问题，列出三则，敬请方家指正。