Tackling and Mitigating Health Inequalities – Policymakers and Practitioners ‘Talk and Draw’ their Theories

In the context of a long‐standing academic acceptance of the socially structured nature of health inequalities, there has been a growing literature that critically examines policies that aim to reduce them. This has demonstrated inadequate policy assessment of the nature of the problem of health inequalities and correspondingly partial solutions that privilege interventions that focus on individual lifestyle solutions over more structural approaches. Much of the research that has been undertaken in this field to explore competing theories of inequalities has analyzed national policy documents or the views of senior policy advisers rather than practitioners. This study uses Raphael’s ‘seven discourses of the social determinants of health’ to understand the implicit theories of health inequalities of both practitioners and policymakers working within a single health care system as they talk about different policy typologies. To help penetrate potentially well‐rehearsed discourses about health inequalities, it tests a visual method of stimulating discussion about how different types of policy might operate to narrow/widen existing gaps in outcomes. Building on Raphael, it finds that individuals’ theories of health inequalities contain co‐existing although not synthesized material and behavioural explanations and that, although the social patterning of material disadvantage was recognized, the role of power and politics is underplayed. Variations between participants did not align with role (policy/practice) and using visual methods to represent the impact of different policy types on health inequalities, though challenging for participants, stimulated reflection about a subject matter that has otherwise become rather stagnant.     

亚裔美国文学批评与后现代、后现代理论

亚裔美国文学批评产生于后现代时期,与后现代理论、后现代存在着不可分割的关系,一方面,它深受后现代理论话语的影响,另一方面,它又是典型的后现代现象.后现代理论深刻的批判性以及对多元性的坚决倡扬,使其具有了相当的进步性.但是,后现代理论的相对主义倾向以及对多元的极端化定义,又使其在一定程度上重复了现代主义的弊端.这种矛盾性,是后现代理论作为一种矛盾的、无序的后现代现象所不可避免的.亚裔美国文学批评,在后现代理论话语的影响下,得以不断批判和超越自身,不断拓展和完善其关于政治与文化的多元化理念和实践.但与此同时,亚裔美国文学批评也受后现代理论话语矛盾性的制约.生成了新的反多元性话语,在一定程度上重复了被其自身所坚决批判的现代主义性.     

关于中国特色社会主义人口理论建设的思考

我们应当建设起中国特色社会主义人口理论。以“两种生产革命实践”论对马克思主义人口理论作较全面的理解是建设这一理论的关键一环。当前,这个理论的主要任务是：对社会主义初级阶段人口特征作理论分析,论证此阶段中诸如“统筹解决人口问题”等的人口社会管理政策措施和提出符合中国国情实际的应对人口社会问题的策略。     

论加强党校人口理论教研工作

广东是一个人口大省 ,加强党校人口理论教研工作 ,促进各级干部对计划生育重要性的认识 ,是提高广东计划生育工作水平的重要途径。本文在论述加强党校人口理论教研工作的必要性的基础上 ,论述了党校人口理论教研的内容、方法。     

传承而非颠覆:从古典、新古典到行为经济学

从古典到新古典再到行为经济学,是经济学发展史上所经历的两次质变突破,是经济学历史传承的必然趋势,是社会存在对社会意识的决定和推动结果。其中行为经济学通过在经济学中纳入对异质经济行为动机的研究,而使得以同质经济理性为基本假定的新古典经济学成为其特例情形,因此它不是区别于主流经济学的边缘学派或颠覆性理论,而是主流经济学的理论前沿。此外,由于理论的相对真理性,我们不能把理论发展中的某一阶段等同于它的唯一和最终形式,或无视理论的相对真理性而对其加以滥用并作为对其他理论妄加批判的依据。故行为经济学也不是经济学的最终形态,它同样是经济学发展长河中的一个阶段,并仍将继续发展下去。科学的经济理论同样需要与时俱进。     

主权与人权的双重诉求——陈序经主权思想述论

在中国近代政治思想史中,陈序经的主权论述是值得注意的。他的博士论文《现代主权论》对历史上各种主权理论进行了详细的论判。陈序经主权理论的最大特色就是主张主权可分论,这种主张导致他对个体主权的重视。但是,陈序经的主权可分论与主权一元论不是时立的,他对国家主权也是极力维护的,可以把陈序经的主权思想表述为对主权与人权的双重诉求。     

Harnessing big data for a multifunctional theory of the firm

This paper explores the potential of big data, such as those compiled by the Google Books project, to inform the dominant theories of the firm that tend to be grounded on strong assumptions about the capitalist nature of the modern society. Combining the novel methodologies of the digital age with Niklas Luhmann's theory of functional differentiation, we draw on big data-driven abductive reasoning to redirect the attention of management scholars away from the dominant contract-based and competence theories of capitalist firms toward organizations navigating the regime of functional differentiation, which is marked by contingent and historically evolving prominence of individual function systems. We conclude that this navigation requires appropriate strategic management tools which are no longer primarily geared to the economic function system but rather entail a radical reconfiguration of the firm as a multifunctional organization.     

“三个代表”：党的建设理论的伟大创新

"三个代表"的重要思想,是马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果,是党的建设理论的伟大创新:它拓展了党的建设理论的新视野;开创了党的建设理论的新思路,提高了党的建设理论的新水平,对我党的执政实践有重要指导意义.     

赵执信的诗学理论及其理论溯源

赵执信是清初著名的现实主义诗人,其诗学理论也是颇为值得研究的。他认为“诗之中要有人在”;“诗之外要有事在”;“文以意为主,以语言为役”;艺术风格“设格甚宽”应“各从其近”;要选拔真才,反对结成宗派。他的诗学理论继承和发扬了传统儒家诗教主张,强调了文学艺术“兴观群怨”、补察时政的作用。他之所以持这样的诗学理论和其生活道路、人生态度、道德人格、气质禀性有着密切的关系。     

人类学视域下的情境学习理论对实践性教学模式创新的启示

当前,思想政治理论课教学仍存在各种问题,最主要的就是教学模式缺乏实践性。人类学视域的情境学习理论认为,学习的实质是个体参与实践,其与他人、环境等相互作用的过程,这一过程正是形成参与实践活动的能力、提高社会化水平的过程。因此,将思想政治理论课与情境学习理论有效地结合起来,可以很好地促进高校思想政治理论课实践性教学模式的创新,提高思想政治理论课的教学质量。