Adolescent Risk Behavior Patterns: Effects of Structured Time-Use,Interpersonal Connections,Self-System Characteristics,and Socio-Demographic Influences

The relationships between risk behaviors and factors representing multiple ecological layers are examined among a sample of youth in grades seven through 12 (n = 2,701). Our primary interest is in the relationship between structured time-use as a protective factor and youth risk behavior patterns. Two other layers of protective factors are also examined, those dealing with interpersonal connections and with self-system characteristics. Concomitant demographic factors in the study are age, ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. Stepwise multiple regression analysis reveals that less risk behavior is associated with greater attachment to school, greater school success, closer relationships with parents, and greater participation in structured time-use; significant predictors of more risk behavior are being older, being male, and having one good friend. Implications for professional practice include employing a comprehensive, ecological approach to prevention and intervention, and enacting social support initiatives at multiple levels.     

需求弹性及其在经济活动中的运用

需求弹性是西方经济学中一个基本的概念，影响需求弹性的因素包括商品的消费占收入的比重、商品的用途和基本性质等。掌握并运用需求弹性理论，可以使厂商提高其生产经营决策或制定政策措施的科学性，减少决策的盲目性。     

中国上市公司“行业性”治理的实证研究

文章用主成分分析的方法得到了衡量公司业绩的综合指标,以此作为因变量,而以股权治理因子(包括国有股,流通A股,第一大股东,股权集中度等)为解释变量,进行了回归分析.采用涉及机械、金属、批发、石油四大行业共231家上市公司的有关数据,进行了回归分析和假设检验,其结论是不同的行业即使类似的股权结构也有着不同的治理效果,目前中国上市公司的治理应该遵循"行业性".     

Therapeutic Dilemmas in Cross-Cultural Practice with Asian American Adolescents

The following study proposes that differences in traditions and values between Western clinicians and Asian American clients manifests in therapeutic dilemmas, and offers recommendations for cross-cultural practice with Asian American adolescents and their families. The themes that will be examined are independence vs. acculturation/individuation, equality vs. hierarchy/authority, and supportive vs. dynamic treatment.     

农户甘蔗种植机械化的因素解析：诱因及交互效应

甘蔗是中国食糖的主要原料,近10年甘蔗糖占全国食糖产量的90%以上。我国甘蔗种植机械化率约为6%,较低的种植机械化水平直接影响到甘蔗产业的综合效益和现代农业的发展。本文利用农户微观调查数据研究了影响农户采用机械种植甘蔗的因素,并着重分析土地因素及其交互项的作用。研究发现,总体土地质量、受教育年限、是否参加农机培训、农业劳动力所占比重、是否加入农机合作社、甘蔗专业化程度、甘蔗收入比重、是否平原、家庭人均收入以及地区哑变量对种植机械选择概率具有显著作用;同时是否租入土地、新植面积地块质量和农业劳动力人均新植面积具有正向作用;总体土地质量与某些因素具有交互效应,而土地因素之间具有难以替代的作用。     

塞涅卡宗教倾向的伦理学及其意义

塞涅卡作为晚期斯多亚三杰之一，他的伦理学反映着其所处时代的特点，是一种带有宗教倾向的伦理学。本文通过对塞涅卡伦理学中表现出来宗教倾向的原因分析，阐述了其伦理学的主要内容：人生需要顺应命运，提倡“克欲求善”以至善为目的的道德学说，并且主张“两个国家”论说。这些思想稳定了当时罗马社会统治，推动了基督教的产生和发展，推进了罗马史学与柏拉图学派的发展与传播，挖掘了人们内心的平静，提倡人们追求“按照自然生活”，能慰藉现代人的心灵。     

Review and reappraisal of modelling and predicting mental workload in single- and multi-task environments

The concept of mental workload has long been recognized as an important factor in individual performance within complex systems. It is documented that either overload or underload may degrade performance, and further affect the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, systems designers need some explicit models to predict the mental workload imposed on individuals by the system at an early design phase so that alternative system designs can be evaluated. In examining mental-workload literature, it is found that few predictive mental-workload models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research aims to develop a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mentalworkload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, i.e. effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the taskgenerated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks.     

农村独生子女生育选择影响因素及测度研究——基于Multinomial Logistic模型实证分析

本文基于北京市昌平区的农村独生子女调查数据,利用效用最大化离散选择模型,对农村独生子女生育选择模式及影响因素进行了分析。文章不仅考察了个体因素、经济与社会政策因素对生育选择模式的影响,更重要的是从生育选择的预测概率、离散变化以及Odds Ratios等多角度对影响因素的重要程度、影响大小等进行了定量测度分析。并从中推断起决定作用的因素发生变化时,可能导致的生育意愿、计划与行为的改变,探讨独生子女生育选择对中国未来人口变动趋势产生的影响和政策意义。     

Summary and Conclusions

No abstract available for this article.     

探求影响名师教学成功因素为培养后续名师提供借鉴

自教育部2003年首届百名高校教学名师奖揭晓至今,已经评出二届高校教学名师。根据公开报道的这些高校教学名师成长的事迹,从其教学动力的形成入手,深入分析其取得突破性教学成就的原因,探究他们成长中呈现出的一些共性规律,为各高校培养更多后续教学名师提供有益的借鉴。