家庭危机与学校德育功能的拓展

家庭危机的根源在于家庭与社会的恶性互动.在家庭危机的演变过程中,家庭教育的功能受到削弱,学校德育在未成年人良好思想品德育成中的地位提高;学校德育必须加强和改进情感慰藉和行为矫正功能,发展和完善解释功能和预防功能,才能应对家庭危机的挑战.     

浅谈教育在消费活动中的几种功能

教育消费是人类最普遍的最基本的消费。教育在消费活动中的功能有 :增值功能 ,表现为消费能力的提高 ;导向功能 ,它使消费者学会消费 ,形成正确的消费心态及观念 ;调节功能 ,表现为消费范围及其比例 ,促进消费结构的合理化。     

The generalized kullback-leibler divergence and robust inference

This paper examines robust techniques for estimation and tests of hypotheses using the family of generalized Kullback-Leibler (GKL) divergences. The GKL family is a new group of density based divergences which forms a subclass of disparities defined by Lindsay (1994). We show that the corresponding minimum divergence estimators have a breakdown point of 50% under the model. The performance of the proposed estimators and tests are investigated through an extensive numerical study involving real-data examples and simulation results. The results show that the proposed methods are attractive choices for highly efficient and robust methods.     

Testing in semiparametric models with interaction, with applications to gene–environment interactions

Summary.  Motivated from the problem of testing for genetic effects on complex traits in the presence of gene–environment interaction, we develop score tests in general semiparametric regression problems that involves Tukey style 1 degree-of-freedom form of interaction between parametrically and non-parametrically modelled covariates. We find that the score test in this type of model, as recently developed by Chatterjee and co-workers in the fully parametric setting, is biased and requires undersmoothing to be valid in the presence of non-parametric components. Moreover, in the presence of repeated outcomes, the asymptotic distribution of the score test depends on the estimation of functions which are defined as solutions of integral equations, making implementation difficult and computationally taxing. We develop profiled score statistics which are unbiased and asymptotically efficient and can be performed by using standard bandwidth selection methods. In addition, to overcome the difficulty of solving functional equations, we give easy interpretations of the target functions, which in turn allow us to develop estimation procedures that can be easily implemented by using standard computational methods. We present simulation studies to evaluate type I error and power of the method proposed compared with a naive test that does not consider interaction. Finally, we illustrate our methodology by analysing data from a case–control study of colorectal adenoma that was designed to investigate the association between colorectal adenoma and the candidate gene NAT2 in relation to smoking history.     

试论因特网对我国城市家庭经济功能的影响

因特网是现代信息技术的集中体现,它的出现及发展正在或将要对人类传统家庭功能的各方面产生深刻影响.就家庭经济功能而言,由于网络技术的发展,使得SOHO型工作方式兴起,家庭的生产功能开始由社会向家庭复归,电子商务的发展也使得家庭的消费功能发生变化,并且一些新兴的家庭经济功能开始出现.     

民俗文化的犯罪学功用

民俗文化在犯罪学中有着重要的功用。民俗文化规范文化行为、模塑文化人格、调节文化生活的功能可以遏制犯罪行为;民俗文化中的语言民俗、社会民俗、心理民俗等可以激活犯罪行为;在犯罪侦查中,利用民俗文化可以揭示涉案人的身份特征、查清涉案人的地域范围、分析涉案人的作案动机、辨析涉案人的反侦查伎俩。在犯罪防控中,应强化民俗文化的非正式社会监督功能、加强文化管理以净化文化氛围、加强民俗文化的应用研究。     

Design of Auction Parameters to Reduce the Effect of Collusion

Government departments are increasingly turning to auctions to procure goods and services. Collusion among bidders, however, reduces competition and raises winning bid prices. Since conventional collusion control measures based on the redesign of auction mechanisms are less effective in government procurement auctions, there is a need to devise control measures that decrease the effect of collusion. This article demonstrates how the principles of design of experiments can be applied in a system dynamics model to find the auction parameter values that substantially reduce the effect of collusion in government procurement auctions. This research makes a number of contributions. First, it develops a feedback‐based dynamic mechanism of collusion in government procurement auctions. The mechanism proposes the winning bid price as being determined not by the total number of bidders but by the number of independent bidders. It defines each cartel as one independent bidder regardless of the number of bidders in the cartel. Second, the mechanism is tested by developing a system dynamics model to government auctions for procuring contracts for roadwork projects in India. Third, the principles of experimental design are applied to find the auction parameter values that ensure high bid participation and low winning price‐to‐reserve price ratios.     

情感是如何制度化的?

制度化是基于正式规别而发展的一套稳定的社会互动模式。社会化和社会控制是有效的情感制度化机制。经济制度、婚姻家庭制度、教育制度、政治制度和文化制度,分别建构了“工作型”、“私人型”、“职业型”、“公共领域型”和“价值型”的制度性情感特征。情感制度化存在着不同的功能性要求,其失调有可能引发一些冲突。情感制度化的结构是否合理、功能是否积极、手段是否恰当是影响情感制度化带来冲突的主要因素。按照冲突论的观点,情感制度化带来的一个情感冲突恰恰是它压抑了应当引发冲突的情感,因而有可能成为一种阻碍社会变革的保守力量。     

一个首要问题的再思考:有无系统的国际理论

20世纪60年代初,对于“建立系统的国际关系理论的可能性”这个首要问题,马丁.怀特与汉斯.摩根索做出了不同的回答:前者的回答悲观一些,后者的回答相对乐观。他们的不同探索,不仅推动了许多国际关系理论的产生,也引发了国际关系学界的持久争论,尤其是开启了大西洋两岸的英美学派大辩论。     

议大众传媒德育功能的开发

大众传媒以其特有的优势彻底改变了青少年的德育环境,被人们看成影响青少年道德水平的要素之一。面对传媒的飞速发展,本文就如何开发其德育功能作了一些有益的探讨。