Do females necessarily have the same occupational status scores as males? A conceptual and empirical examination of the Duncan Socioeconomic Status Index and Nam-Powers Occupational Status Scores

Social Science researchers have advanced important yet somewhat contradictory conclusions regarding the different economic and occupational reward structures faced by men and women. Income and wage differences between men and women have been shown to be sizable and persistent throughout the occupational hierarchy. Conversely, gender differences in occupational status, commonly scaled by the Duncan Socioeconomic Index, have been shown to be small or nonexistent in most studies. In an attempt to investigate this incongruity, the present study undertakes a comparison of the Duncan SEI and the Nam-Powers Occupational Status Scores in an empirical study of the occupational position of white men and women in 65 large standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSAs) in 1970. While the findings of earlier studies showing no gender differences in occupational status are for the most part replicated using the Duncan SEI, use of the Nam-Powers scores prompts a much different conclusion. Large status differences between men and women are indicated using this latter scale, differences which are very much in line with income differences commonly cited. We suggest that the Nam-Powers metric should be used instead of the Duncan SEI in studies of occupational status of women and men.     

金陵大学农学院农业推广及其效益

金陵大学农学院举世注目的科研成就,为农业推广提供了丰富的物质材料;完善的农业推广体制,保证了推广工作的顺利进行,从而增加了作物产量,促进了农村改良。建立的一套完善的农业推广体制,成为中国近代建立从中央到地方基层的全国农业推广体制的良好开端;从中摸索出的一套农业推广经验,为中国近代其它农业院校及农业机构在农业推广中所借鉴。对于我国当今的高等农林院校科研成果的推广也有借鉴意义。     

高校校报可读性与传播效果

高校校报面对信息爆炸的时代,思想活跃的大学生,要完成育人职责,必须认清传播效果的层级性,增强报纸的可读性,吸引更多的读者,以不断提高校报的质量和传播效果,扩展大学生思想政教育工作的空间和基础。     

Comments on Montague J. Lord's “distributional effects of international commodity price stabilization: Do the aggregate gains apply to individual producing countries?” [JPM 3:61–75 (1981)]

Lord discusses the impact of international commodity price stabilization on Latin American producing country export revenues. He correctly emphasizes that the directions and magnitudes of such effects may vary substantially across producers, depending on the degree of segmentation of the commodity markets and the nature and distribution of the shocks. However his potential contribution may be lost because of a number of inaccuracies, which I discuss under three general topics.     

Commodity price stabilization models: A review and appraisal

This paper is designed to bring into focus the numerous modeling attempts to analyze commodity price stabilization that have recently appeared. The studies examined begin with the Waugh-Oi-Massell framework and advance to econometric commodity modeling. Such a critique is considered necessary: None of the studies examined has overcome the myriad of problems that analysts have pointed out as essential for assessing the welfare outcomes of price stabilization schemes. As a consequence, stabilization analyses for similar commodities have produced conflicting results regarding predicted welfare outcome. The present appraisal attempts to provide a unity of direction to this work by (1) comparing recieved studies of a theoretical, empirical, and econometric modeling nature, and (2) suggesting possibilities for improving modeling analyses.     

从"国学研究会"到"国学院"--东南大学与20年代早期南北学术的地缘与派分

20年代胡适等人倡导“整理国故”运动,并以北大研究所国学门为中心展开系列的学术活动,在学界引起极大的反响。南方学术重镇东南大学的学者们除了以《学衡》与《史地学报》为阵地之外,以国文系师生为主成立了“国学研究会”创办刊物、展开演讲、编辑从书,进行了一系列的活动。针对北大国学门,东南大学国文系也计划组织“国学研究院”,但却遭到北方学者的抨击和校内新派的挖苦,由于东大不久即发生风潮,东南大学国学院最后是否真正成立也值得怀疑。从“国学研究会”到“国学院”的短短历程和遭遇,集中地反映了20年代早期南北学术界在“整理国故”运动中的地缘与派分。     

西南联大群体的新诗研究及其外来影响——以闻一多、朱自清为中心的探讨

抗日战争时期,西南联大中文系教授闻一多和朱自清不断总结新文学创作的艺术经验,作出了创造"现代诗学"的努力,并取得了第一批成果:朱自清的《新诗杂话》和闻一多的系列诗论,为新诗的理论化和系统化提供了坚实的基础。同时,他们的新诗研究深受西方理论的影响,使闻一多和朱自清在"现代诗学"的创造中受益颇多。     

天津水资源危机及其对策探讨

阐述天津水资源危机的现状,分析造成水资源危机的原因,并提出天津市应对水资源危机的对策。     

沿海地区借助“一带一路”战略推动海洋经济发展的路径分析——以天津为例

"丝绸之路经济带"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"是中央实施新一轮对外开放的重大举措,对于构筑陆海统筹、东西互济的全方位开放新格局具有十分重要的战略意义。利用这一国家新时期开发战略,通过推动海洋产业结构升级转型、打造"一带一路"双向开放国际物流大通道、建设海洋经济合作平台、构建区域性科技与治理支撑网络、强化海洋生态保护等,借势"海上丝绸之路"开发开放建立跨区域的发展平台,推动天津与海上丝绸之路沿线国家和地区在更宽领域、更高层次上开展海洋经济的合作和交流,能够进一步加快天津海洋经济发展。     

Ethnic differences in the academic achievement process in Canada

This research examines the extent to which differences in achievement between German-speaking and French-speaking students are accounted for by theoretically related intervening variables and the extent to which the entire achievement process differs across the two ethnic groups. For the two ethnic groups, both main effects and interaction effects have significant consequences for the academic achievement process, even when a number of other variables are controlled. The results suggest that the whole process works to the benefit of the German-speaking students and to the detriment of the French-speaking students.