Theory-based content analysis: A social influence perspective for evaluating group process

A critical overview of some major content and process analysis approaches is offered which argues that current schemes do not “make sense” of verbal group process with maximal coherence. The major causes are identified as (1) the lack of any compelling category organization (low internal coherence) coupled with (2) a general conceptual and empirical estrangement of content analysis from the remainder of group dynamics. These causes and some component subcauses are investigated. It is argued that a theory-based approach to content analysis, one that takes conceptual leads and category skeletons from established group dynamics theories, serves to maximize both internal and external coherence. A new process scheme, the Social Influence Rating Systems (SIRS), is constructed from social influence theory as one illustration of a theory-based derivation, and as an heuristic way of construing group verbalizations. An extensive pilot application of the SIRS to group psychotherapy interactions is reported. Preliminary analyses indicated that the scheme successfully partialled over three quarters of all statements into one or another of the influence categories employed, and that the content analytic results bore good resemblance to laboratory verifications of influence theory, as well as to accounts of the therapy process.     

Canonical analysis and optimal criterion validity scaling

This article suggests methods for forming linear composites which will have either optimum (maximum) criterion validity or an optimum ratio of valid to reliable variance. These methods may be of interest to researchers whose data contain substantial systematic but invalid components. These techniques are formally related to canonical correlation analysis, and the output from standard canonical correlation computer programs can be directly used in forming the composites.     

Comparing measures of homicide trends: Methodological and substantive differences in the Vital Statistics and Uniform Crime Report time series (1933–1975)

Several Uniform Crime Reports (FBI) and Vital Statistics (NCHS) homicide time series for the United States, 1933–1975, are compared with respect to (a) definitions and collection procedures used; (b) differences in estimating procedures; and (c) substantive differences that result from use of either series. Among the findings from this investigation are that: (1) the sampling procedures employed by the NCHS appear to be superior to those of the FBI; (2) the FBI time series most commonly employed by researchers is discontinuous prior to 1958 due to revision procedures which were instituted at that time. Analyses over time periods which began prior to this year should employ a more accurate FBI time series which is published by the Office of Management and Budget (1973). (3) The specific time period under study may lead to different substantive conclusions with different indicators; (4) the results of statistical analyses of structural equation models contained herein indicate that while the difference is not generally statistically significant, the deterrent effect of execution is consistently estimated to be greater with the Vital Statistics series. This finding has important policy implications if estimates of the number of lives saved by executing prisoners are projected and utilized by policy makers. (5) Neither series indicates serious problems of autocorrelation of disturbances with the exogenous variables employed here; and (6) use of either series for the period after 1949 appears to produce the same substantive results.     

Race differences in middle class lifestyle: The role of home ownership

This paper examines race differences in two aspects of “middle class” lifestyle: home ownership and net worth. Home ownership indicates stability; and for older persons net worth is an important part of economic status. Data from the NLS studies of older men are analyzed. The major findings are: (1) while whites at any earnings level are very likely to own homes by ages 50–64, only at relatively high earning levels do blacks begin to approach the home ownership rates of whites; (b) the net worth of blacks is substantially lower than that of whites after adjusting for variables in a standard status attainment model; and (c) however, among home owners the race difference as well as effects of other variables are much smaller than for renters. This is attributed to forced saving through home ownership. The paper concludes with a discussion of possible sources of low home ownership rates and low net worth of blacks and the implication of these findings for the study of middle class status.     

高校民族器乐传统乐曲教学的新模式探究?

传统乐曲是我国民族器乐曲中的重要组成部分，数量众多且带有厚重的传统底蕴。然而，传统乐曲在演奏技法上不如近现代创作乐曲丰富，其旋法特征又区别于当前我国在各阶段学校教育中使用的西方音乐理论体系，从而导致传统乐曲在高校民族器乐教学中没有受到应有的重视。传统乐曲在开拓学生多元的音乐视角，提高学生的人文素养，弘扬中华民族的传统文化都有积极的作用。因此，应当通过强化教材建设、丰富教学手段、注重实践锻炼等方法来促进高校民族器乐教学中传统乐曲的教学。     

勤工创业助力高校大学生就业工作提升的路径分析

大学生就业一直以来是国家和社会最为关注的热点问题,随着社会的发展,市场经济的不景气以及毕业生人数的逐年增加,就业难的困境始终没能得到很好的改善.如何进一步开拓就业渠道,提升大学生就业竞争力,是所有高校面临的共同问题.勤工助学及创业实践是就业渠道的进一步扩展,它成为高校就业工作的重要组成部分,是高校发展的必然要求.本文以集美大学诚毅学院机械系勤工创业中心为例,阐述了诚毅学院机械系在就业工作方面采取的一些针对性的工作及特色做法,分析了校企合作、专业团队建设对于提高就业工作的实效性和促进作用,探讨了一条符合高校就业工作的行之有效的路径.     

高水平大学精英人才培养规律研究--以北京钢铁学院（1952-1966）为例

培养精英人才是高水平大学的历史担当和社会责任。文章以创建于20世纪50年代院系调整时期的北京钢铁学院(1952-1966年)为例，从精英人才的四个基本内涵、培养精英人才的三个关键环节、精英人才培养系统的三个关键因素、培养方案的三个主要模块、课程与活动组织的三个重要原则共五个方面，结合国内外高水平大学精英人才的培养理念，系统总结了学校培养精英人才的主要做法，剖析了学校培养精英人才的基本经验，为新时期高水平大学培养精英人才提供参考和借鉴。      

合力构建纵横结合的大学生思想政治教育新平台

当前，随着国内外政治、经济环境的复杂多变和我国高等教育事业的迅速发展，大学生思想政治教育的对象、内容和任务都发生了深刻变化。这就要求高校教育工作者必须了解大学生的发展需求，充分发挥社会、学校、家庭和党团学组织的合力作用，始终保持课内外培养目标的一致性。同时，依托良好校园文化的建设，积极推进现代化工具介入，形成纵向到底、横向到边三位一体、有机结合的思想政治教育网络覆盖体系，实现多渠道渗透的教育合力目标，从而促进大学生思想政治教育的创新发展。     

中美研究型大学校长特征比较及对遴选的启示

对2014年中国与美国综合排名前20的共40所大学现任校长的基本特征、教育背景、工作经历等进行比较，发现中美这20所大学的现任校长群体在性别比例、初任年龄、学科背景、来源、工作经历存在较大差异。通过研究得出：我们应从大学组织的特性出发，在大学校长遴选时，重视校长来源多样化、放宽校长年龄范围、全面考察校长学术经历与管理经验，并且逐步建立适应市场资源配置的大学校长交流机制。     

高校辅导员心理问题干预模式探讨

通过对高校辅导员心理问题的分析，探讨团体辅导对高校辅导员心理问题的干预模式。