西南联大参与云南地方调查与建设述略

西南联大作为中国教育史上一所办学非常成功的大学,它曾与学校所在地的云南地方有非常良好的互动,其中之一即是广泛参与云南的地方调查与建设。西南联大专家教授们参与云南地方调查与建设,一方面使他们得以学有所用,另一方面也使云南地方的各项建设得到有力的推动,最终学校和地方实现了双赢。     

大学生网络学习资源利用现状调查研究——以重庆文理学院为例

信息化社会中，大学生利用网络资源开展学习的能力愈发重要。通过对重庆文理学院在校大学生抽样问卷和走访调查，从大学生网络学习时间、网络资源利用类型、学习资源利用目的和能力等方面进行分析，发现大学生网络学习资源利用现状和不足，从软件、硬件两个维度，学生、教师和学校三个层面提出改进建议。     

The development and field testing of a vocational education evaluation model

Reported is the development and field testing of an evaluation model used to evaluate the vocational education programs at the Metropolitan Community Colleges (MCC) of Kansas City, Missouri which can be implemented on vocational programs at other institutions. The model evaluated a vocational program on the following six criteria: (1) program's relationship to job market profile; (2) program's level of community support; (3) program's success in meeting vocational aspirations of clientele; (4) program's success in terms of student performance; (5) program 's cost-effectiveness; and (6) program 's success in reaching the handicapped and disadvantaged. The evaluation model provides a strategy and a set of procedures for assessing the quality of existing vocational education programs of study at any post-secondary institution. The model can be easily and inexpensively implemented, thus providing a data base which is useful for administrative planning and decision making.     

Minority group status and the wages of Indian and black males

Using the 1976 Survey of Income and Education the differences in the wages of Indian, black, and white males are examined. The results indicate that the differences in characteristics between Indians and whites largely account for the difference in the average wage of these two groups. On the other hand, minority status, as well as characteristics, are important in understanding the differences in the average wage of blacks and whites. These findings illustrate the importance of understanding the different historical experiences of minority groups to an understanding of current racial inequality.     

Applicability of standards for evaluations of educational programs, projects and materials in an international setting

This paper starts with a short discussion of the book Standards for Evaluations of Educational Programs, Projects and Materials by the Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation (McGraw-Hill, 1981). It then goes on to examine the usefulness in countries other than the United States of these standards and argues that evaluation of “programs” is more complicated and more politically biased than evaluation of “projects” and “materials.” In Europe, evaluation of educational programs (school systems) has proved to be highly correlated with the overriding objectives of different political parties, e.g., conservative, liberal, socialist, whereas educational policy in the United States is less bound to political parties, varying rather from case to case. In order to show how generally agreed upon educational goals can be interpreted according to different values, the author has reanalysed some studies of mean achievement in reading comprehension and science for 10- and 14-year-old students in 15 countries (IEA Project, 1973). The rank order of these countries is changed if, instead of national mean achievement, one takes proportion of students under a minimum level or above a prescribed top level as the criterion. Also the national (program) standard is evaluated in terms of between-school variance in results and in proportion of single-school units with exceptionally low or exceptionally high mean results. The conclusion is that the book on standards for evaluations of educational programs provides a good checklist of prerequisites for a reliable and valid evaluation. However, it is also concluded that—due to differences in values of program outcomes—such standards do not guarantee that the result of the evaluation will be indisputable.     

关于高校招生宣传工作的调查与思考

随着我国高等教育事业的进一步发展,高校招生竞争将更为激烈,招生宣传在招生工作中的地位将更加突出,本调查通过考察当前考生在选择高考信息媒介上的倾向和个体差异,调查考生填报高考志愿的影响因素,分析现阶段高校招生宣传应采取的主要途径,为现有招生宣传工作提出合理的建议,为进一步提高高校招生宣传水平提供信息支持。     

“Tops-down” versus “bottoms-up” approaches to regional modeling

In the field of regional economic policy analyses, researchers are confronted with two basic choices: whether to construct a “bottoms-up” model with its theoretical sophistication but heavy demands on regional data, or to construct a “tops-down” model with its theoretical simplicity but minimal demands on regional data. Two models: ORANI-LMPST (“tops- down” variety) and MRSMAE (“bottoms-up” variety) are examined to provide some insights into this question.     

Correcting for ratio variable correlation: Examples using models of mortality

The major purpose of this paper is to examine one part of the ratio variable correlation problem, correlated denominators, using path models of young, middle-age, and older-age mortality, each with 11 sociodemographic and cause-of-death independent variables. The models are calculated using a traditional ratio approach and a residual variable approach for a sample of counties. The methodological discussion focuses on differences in coefficients for the two approaches in terms of significance, magnitude, and hypothesis support. It is concluded that the residual approach is worth pursuing as a viable statistical solution to the correlated denominators component of the ratio variable correlation problem.