论比较利益原理与发展中国家的贸易政策选择

比较利益原理为国际贸易理论研究和政策选择提供了统一的基础性分析框架。然而 ,发展中国家贸易政策选择却长期背离比较利益原理 ,到 2 0世纪 70年代后才逐渐向比较利益原理回归 ,90年代亚洲金融危机后又对比较利益原理的运用重新进行思考。反思上述历史过程 ,我们应注意以下问题 :在贸易理论研究中 ,要使贸易政策理论具有可操作性 ,不能将贸易纯理论简单地等同于贸易政策理论 ,系统的比较研究和实证研究具有重要意义 ,对理论研究中的意识形态因素应加以重视 ;在贸易政策实践中 ,要尽可能排除利益集团的干扰 ,注意汇率制度的配合 ,安排好各项改革措施的先后次序 ,并充分认识国家大小因素对政策规划的影响。     

Marriage and separation risks among German cohabiters: Differences between types of cohabiter

We propose a typology of different meanings of cohabitation that combines cohabiters’ intentions to marry with a general attitude toward marriage, using competing risk analyses to examine whether some cohabiters are more prone than others to marry or to separate. Using data (N = 1,258) from four waves of the German Family Panel (PAIRFAM) and a supplementary study (DEMODIFF), we compared eastern and western German cohabiters of the birth cohorts 1971–73 and 1981–83. Western Germans more frequently view cohabitation as a step in the marriage process, whereas eastern Germans more often cohabit as an alternative to marriage. Taking into account marital attitudes reveals that cohabiters without marriage plans differ from those with plans in their relationship careers, and also shows that cohabiters who plan to marry despite holding a less favourable view of marriage are less likely to realize their plans than cohabiters whose intentions and attitudes are more congruent.     

从一则史料看清王朝与琉球王国的贸易

清乾隆时,初设于雍正七年（1729）的军机房改名军机处。军机大臣在给皇帝上奏折后,其所奏内容另行由军机处负责抄录副本存档。其中在乾隆三十一年（1766）的一本奏折中,就有关于琉球国与清王朝贸易往来的详细记录,反映了当时清政府与琉球之间的友好关系。     

Coordinating contracts for a financially constrained supply chain

We consider a financially constrained supply chain in which a supplier (leader) sells products to a retailer (follower) who has no access to bank financing due to her low credit rating. However, the supplier can borrow from a bank and offer trade credit to the retailer to alleviate her financial constraint. Failure to pay off a bank loan or trade credit incurs a variable default cost. We analyze the centralized version of the supply chain to obtain new coordination requirements. We then examine whether revenue-sharing, buyback, and all-unit quantity discount contracts can coordinate our supply chain. We show that the all-unit quantity discount contract fails to coordinate. However, the revenue-sharing and buyback contracts can coordinate the supply chain, but only when the supply chain has a sufficient total working capital. Moreover, they cannot allocate profit flexibly unless the supplier has a large enough working capital. Finally, we design a generalized revenue-sharing contract that coordinates the supply chain with flexible profit allocation, and also show by numerical examples its superiority over the revenue-sharing and buyback contracts.     

韩国劳动力市场灵活稳定性状况研究

根据国际社会提出的灵活稳定性概念对韩国金融危机以后劳动力市场的灵活稳定性状况进行分析。韩国政府采取的许多改革措施没有使劳动力市场的稳定性得到提高,反而使灵活性不断下滑。社会保障体系的不完善及工会组织的政治化是造成韩国劳动力市场灵活稳定性无法提高的主要原因。     

上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单的路径和措施

目前,在中国(上海)自贸试验区的各项实施制度中,"负面清单"制度是其中重要的一项,也将是未来自贸区可复制、可推广的一项关键制度。对此,可借鉴《美国双边投资协议2012年范本》,将上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单,向全国推广。     

Beards and Bloomers: Flight Attendants,Grievances and Embodied Labour in the Canadian Airline Industry, 1960s–1980s

This paper examines union grievances dealing with the body, appearance and demeanour fought by the Canadian Air Line Flight Attendants Association, on behalf of its female and male members over a 30‐year period. Taking a historical, materialist‐feminist approach, we examine how workers used the grievance system to resist regulations they believed contradicted their right to dignified labour. We ask how and why bodily regulation differed for men and women, and how this changed over time, as the union merged its male and female job occupations. Using arbitrated grievances, union records and discussion of these issues in the mass media, we show how both feminism and service union activism encouraged flight attendant resistance to airlines’ efforts to regulate the appropriate body and attire for male and female workers. The use of labour law offered workers some respite from regulation, but did not facilitate fundamental questions about the power of management to ‘dress’ its workers.     

论WTO区域贸易协定透明度机制委托执行机构的结构调整

区域贸易协定透明度机制经过四年多的实践,其运行模式已经得到WTO各成员方的普遍赞同。然而,实践中所暴露出来机制委托执行机构工作上的职权模糊和运行冲突,被不少成员归咎于现有委托执行机构机构的不合理。一些成员方因此提议简化现有的委托执行机构,形成由区域贸易协定委员会单一运行的结构模式。然而,单一的委托执行机构不仅难以解决当前的实践问题,还会给透明度机制的实施带来更大的困境。在保留目前委托执行机构机构结构的前提下,归纳总结目前机制所暴露的瑕疵,明确机构职能的划分,进而通过简化数据提交,规范通报和审议文本,无疑能使透明度机制的运行更加顺畅,整个体制也更加完善。     

广西中小企业拓展东盟市场策略研究

中国—东盟自由贸易区的建设发展,促进了双方经贸发展,带动了经济的快速发展。中国——东盟自由贸易区具有诱人的发展前景,为双方经济的快速发展提供了良好的机遇。面对中国——东盟自由贸易区建设发展这一良好机遇,广西中小企业要想获得应有的地位和利益,就必须加强对市场的调查研究,制定正确的市场策略,才能提高成功率。     

行业协会的组织辨识及属性研究

近年来,随着中国政治经济体制改革的不断深入,行业协会得到了迅速地发展,其日渐突出的作用,引起了学者们的普遍关注,但相对于其快速发展,其理论研究则显得较为薄弱.清晰界定行业协会的组织概念及属性是进一步深入研究的前提.文章通过行业协会与其他第三域组织的辩识,分析了行业协会的属性,并最终对行业协会进行概念定义.