队列效应下天津城区养老意愿影响因素分析

通过分析天津城区老年人和准老年人养老意愿的调查数据,揭示出队列效应和年龄效应在养老意愿中起的不同作用。由于受重大社会变迁影响,"五零队列"在子女数目、受教育水平、是否下岗等生存状态上与"四零队列"显著不同。这些差异会影响他们未来的养老意愿和养老模式,政府应该针对"五零列队"的实际需要制定有效的养老政策。     

Stopping the ‘War on the Car’: Neoliberalism,Fordism, and the Politics of Automobility in Toronto

Abstract

This article interrogates the politics of automobility in Toronto under the regime of mayor Rob Ford, who came to power in 2010 promising to ‘stop the war on the car.’ The election of Ford, and the thrust of his subsequent agenda, came as a surprise to many in the city, due to Toronto’s reputation as a cosmopolitan diverse transit-friendly global city. The Toronto case study allows for the analysis of the relationships between Fordism, automobility, and the politics and rationalities of neoliberalism. Instead of seeing neoliberalism as something external or imposed, its contested politics are rooted in diverging social and economic interests directly derived from Fordism and the system of automobility, with opposing political-economic factions both drawing on different elements of neoliberalism. Authoritarian populist neoliberal regimes like the Ford administration in Toronto, and the roll-back austerity they promote, are not antithetical to automobile Fordism, but on the contrary represent an attempt to protect and reinvigorate it in the face of the forces of de-industrialization and financialization. As such they receive their support from social groups irrevocably invested in the continuation, and irrationalities, of the Fordist system of automobility. This has implications for how the politics of neoliberalism might unfold in the future.     

TEXTURES OF THE MODERN: VIENNESE CONTRIBUTIONS TO CULTURAL HISTORY AND URBAN STUDIES

The following essay recapitulates the findings of a research project on Viennese modernity, which since 1995 has involved a group of historians, political scientists, literary scholars and sociologists examining the different phases in the history of the city in the twentieth century from a transdisciplinary perspective. The point of departure for the project was its participants' dissatisfaction with a myopic image of twentieth-century Vienna increasingly constricted to literary and aesthetic practices, which has focused on the ‘golden age’ of high culture in the Habsburg capital of the fin-de-siècle while omitting crucial periods of the city's history, in particular the political and cultural crisis between 1918 and 1938, and the phase of material and cultural reconstruction after the ‘collapse of civilization’ that was Nazism.     

农民工就业服务体系建设研究——基于城市社区为平台的视角

大量农民工在城市务工,由于他们未能均等享有就业服务等城市公共服务,而呈现"半城市化"的状况,要解决农民工市民化问题首先得解决农民工在城市的就业问题,就业服务对于解决农民工就业问题具有重要作用,因此,以大部分农民工生活和工作所在的城市社区为平台构建农民工就业服务体系具有重要的现实意义。构建以城市社区为平台的农民工就业服务体系,需要完善配套法律法规政策,厘清政府、非营利组织、农民工等与城市社区间的关系,建立健全社区就业服务机构体系、建设网络信息服务体系、完善就业培训体系、畅通非营利组织参与渠道。     

企业银行借款融资中的盈余管理研究——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

银行借款是我国上市公司重要的融资途径,企业有没有为了自身利益而围绕借款过程进行盈余管理？研究将盈余管理的借款动机从其他动机中分离出来,并针对两组变量：银行借款与当期盈余、银行借款与当期盈余增量分别使用分布检验,以揭示企业在借款过程中是否存在盈余管理并探究其盈余管理的表现形式。从而发现企业基于借款融资动机进行了盈余管理,且其表现形式为制造正盈余以避免亏损。另外,企业并没有刻意制造盈余上升的趋势。使用Probit回归进行补充验证,进一步证实企业围绕银行借款过程进行了盈余管理。对盈余管理的频率进行分析,发现约有4．74％到14．15％的企业存在避免亏损的盈余管理行为,且存在借款融资动机时,盈余管理频率将更高。     

Talks on tracks - debating urban infrastructure projects ∗

This paper retraces and analyzes the debate around a major infrastructure project in central Stockholm, the construction of a third railroad track over the islet of Riddarholm. Using the analytical framework of the New Rhetoric (Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca, 1958), it shows that the debate is not only a matter of diverging views about the necessity or the impact of the project but, as well, a matter of epistemology. Whereas both sides tend to refer to similar values and make use of matching rhetorical devices, they differ quite radically as to which knowledge they regard as valid and as to how they have organized their approach to the debate. Demonstration faces argumentation, the New Rhetoric suggests, as its contribution to our understanding of the genesis of urban projects.     

Understanding African American Youth HIV Knowledge

Summary

This article presents the results of a study examining correlates of urban African American youth HIV knowledge. The influence of family level factors (e.g., family communication, parental AIDS knowledge and myths regarding HIV transmission, along with family composition and family income) are examined. In addition, the current study explores the influence of racial socialization processes, specifically the influence of religious/spiritual coping, extended family caring, cultural pride reinforcement and racial awareness teaching (Stevenson, 1994; 1995; 1997) on youth HIV knowledge. Multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between youth HIV knowledge and being reared in a single parent home. Further, in every model, controlling for all types of racial socialization processes, family communication was significantly associated with youth HIV knowledge. Implications are drawn regarding the development of culturally and contextually specific HIV prevention programming for African American youth and their families.     

城市社区居民自治机制探索——以上海外滩社区(街道)建设为例

当前,城市基层社会管理体制从"单位制"向"社区制"发生变化,社会成员逐渐从"单位人"转向"社区人",基层社会的民主意识不断增强,基层群众的利益需求不断增多。上海外滩社区(街道)居民自治的发展思路是:完善基层自治的功能,找准居民自治的切入点;拓展基层自治的空间,推进居民自治的生长点;加强基层民主的建设,促进居民自治的增长点;适应基层社会的变迁,聚焦居民自治的关注点。     

上海城镇居民消费需求调查报告

上海城镇居民家庭消费支出水平显著提升,但支出水平差异较大,支出结构有所微调。实际收入水平、投资意愿、消费观念、保障性支出预期等因素制约居民消费支出的进一步扩大。未来网络消费、汽车消费、教育文化娱乐消费等形式将成为消费趋势或热点。当前应进一步改善居民收入、完善保障制度、实施扶持政策等,以促进和提高居民消费水平。     

上海村级集体经济发展现状问题和对策研究

发展壮大农村集体经济,是统筹城乡发展、实现农民共同富裕的重要基础。当前,上海村级集体经济发展不平衡,区域发展规划限制较多,村级经济缺乏发展空间,专业人才相对短缺,村级组织职能发挥不够。改变目前村级集体经济发展的问题与瓶颈,必须创新发展体制机制,强化监督管理制度,发展现代都市农业。