美国对台军售应对策略的国际法分析

中美正式建交33年来,美国政府严重违背了其在“八·一七公报”中对中国的承诺,不断地对台湾出售武器,并且出售武器的性能和数量不断增加。从国际法角度分析美国对台军售：第一,美国对台军售严重违反了国际条约法的基本原则;第二,美国对台军售严重侵犯了中国的国家主权;第三,美国对台军售严重违反了不干涉内政的国际法基本原则。在此基础上,中国应该积极从国内层面和国际层面寻求国际法对策,从而敦促美国停止对台军售,促使中美关系良性发展。     

HPLC测定复方新斯的明眼用凝胶中维生素B6的含量和有关物质

目的建立复方新斯的明眼用凝胶中维生素B6与有关物质的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm)。流动相：醋酸三乙胺溶液。检测波长：290 nm。结果线性范围为1～50 μg·mL-1,r=0.999 9(n=5)。低、中、高三个浓度回收率为(100.59±0.57)％,(100.97±0.38)％,(102.20±0.06)％。结论本方法简便快速、专属性好、重复性好、易操作。     

不断追求卓越完美的图书馆管理方法──谈六西格玛理论在图书馆的应用

六西格玛理论在图书馆质量管理中具有适应性,其核心思想与内容同图书馆管理的观念和许多实践做法不谋而合。六西格玛理论在图书馆的应用程序包括评价与定义、测算和分析、改进与控制等阶段。图书馆管理研究的深化与实践的发展,将会进一步凸显六西格玛理论的价值,其在图书馆的应用范围将不断拓宽。     

Maximum likelihood estimation of correlation between maximal oxygen consumption and the 6-min walk test in patients with chronic heart failure

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) is the standard measurement used to quantify cardiovascular functional capacity and aerobic fitness. Unfortunately, it is a costly, impractical and labour-intensive measure to obtain. The 6-min walk test (6MWT) also assesses cardiopulmonary function, but in contrast to the VO₂max test, it is inexpensive and can be performed almost anywhere. Various medical studies have addressed the correlation between VO₂max and 6MWT in patients with chronic heart failure. Of particular interest, from a medical point of view, is the conditional correlation between the two measures given the individual's height, weight, age and gender. In this paper, we have calculated the maximum likelihood estimate of the conditional correlation in patients with chronic heart failure under the assumption of skew normality. Data were recorded from 98 patients in the Operative Unit of Thoracic Surgery in Bari, Italy. The estimated conditional correlation was found to be much smaller than estimated marginal correlations reported in the medical literature.     

痕量银(Ⅰ)的催化显色分光光度法测定

本文研究了银(Ⅰ)对亚铁氰化钾与邻菲罗啉(O-phen)显色反应的催化效应.以此为基础,建立了痕量银(Ⅰ)的催化分光光度分析法.本法的灵敏度为1.0×10~(-3)μg/mL,线性范围为0～4μg/25mL,用于水样中痕量银(Ⅰ)的测定.     

Analysis of an addictions treatment system

A treatment system consisting of an assessment/referral service, a detox, a mission, a hospital recovery unit, and three recovery homes was examined using a retrospective client-tracking approach over 1 year. There were 4,187 admissions to the system accounted for by 1,522 individuals; system users tended to be males, unmarried, unemployed, and in their 30s and 40s. The best predictor of readmission to the system after treatment was prior system use. Use patterns and referral data indicated that perceived gatekeepers (i.e., detoxication and assessment services) were not consistently coordinating the system and that more socially stable clients appeared to be more likely to be involved with non-addiction specific services (i.e., medical, general counselling).     

Political parties' perceptions and uses of anti‐Semitic conspiracy theories in Turkey

Despite its ever‐present and at times escalating significance, conspiracy theory is an under‐researched topic in the social sciences. This paper analyses the political influence of conspiracy theories by drawing on semi‐structured interviews with the representatives of four major political parties from the Turkish parliament about widespread anti‐Semitic conspiracy theories regarding Dönmes (converts). The findings indicate that right‐wing political parties problematize the secret character of the Dönme community and use the conspiracy theories to express their own ontological insecurities emerging from the Sèvres syndrome. Left‐wing and liberal parties conversely dissociate themselves from the conspiratorial rhetoric. The research concludes that the political parties reject or accept the conspiracy theories rationally and in alignment with their own ontological insecurities; by doing so, they pragmatically confirm their individual ideological perspective.     

India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act: Assessing the quality of access and adequacy of benefits in MGNREGS public works

The extension of social protection to all has become a central policy objective, both nationally and internationally. A considerable number of middle‐ and low‐income countries have undertaken substantial efforts to extend social protection, while the international community reaffirmed its commitment to the extension of social protection through the adoption of the ILO Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social Protection, No. 202 (2012). This article reviews the legal provisions and the implementation of the Indian Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), legislated in 2005, and does so in the light of the more recent provisions of ILO Recommendation No. 202. Since its introduction ten years ago, MGNREGA has provided a source of income to rural workers, increased wage rates, achieved high female participation rates and created durable assets. India's local governance bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI), have been empowered and involved in the processes of planning and monitoring. However, despite successes, there have been considerable shortcomings in implementation. This article highlights two central themes: first, the innovative policy framework of the Act, which brings together rights‐based entitlements, demand‐driven employment, and citizen‐centred monitoring. Second, it assesses the accessibility and adequacy of benefits in the implementation of MGNREGA. We conclude that MGNREGA offers potential for South‐South learning, both in terms of policy‐design and implementation.     

A model of the Canadian global exchange rate: A test of the 1970s

A review of the literature indicates that no single exchange rate model has been able to track successfully the movements of the Canadian dollar for both the 1970–1976 period and the period thereafter. The purchasing power parity model, irrespective of whether based on relative wholesale prices, unit labor costs, GNP deflators, or export prices performs very poorly; the monetarist models collapse because of their strict adherence to the purchasing power parity and interest rate parity assumptions; the portfolio demand models require a significant adjustment for the post-1976 period. This paper presents a medium-term eclectic model of the global exchange rate of the Canadian dollar and examines a spectrum of broad issues that reflect on the efficiency of the foreign exchange market of Canada. These issues are basically related to the interest parity assumption, the role of speculation, and the test of rational expectations. The global exchange rate is defined as the value of the Canadian dollar measured in terms of a unit of basket of currencies comprising currencies of France, West Germany, Japan, the U.K., and the USA. The model belongs to the same genre of balance of payments structural models that explain the exchange rates by balancing demand and supply of foreign currencies. The model simultaneously explains both spot and forward rates, and it has been estimated and tested by using the quarterly data for 1971–1981.