亲子幼教网创业生态系统动态演化的案例研究——机会识别与利用适配视角

2015年,随着中央“大众创业万众创新”号召的提出,高科技创业再度成为国内各界所共同关注的重要课题。创业的实质是识别与利用创业机会,其成功与否将取决于团队、政府、高校和投资机构等内外部组织间紧密合作的生态系统。以典型性高科技创业的亲子幼教网创始人3次创业过程为案例研究对象,基于机会识别和利用的适配性视角,深入探讨亲子幼教网创业生态系统动态演化的过程机理。通过对案例的研究发现,亲子幼教网创业者3次创业生态系统经历了资本主导型创业、市场主导型创业和创业者主导型创业3个阶段;每个阶段创业者对创业机会的识别与利用方式具有不同的特征;以典型性高科技创业的亲子幼教网创业生态系统中,创业机会识别与利用的不断适配推动创业生态系统的动态演化,而创业者的机会观是推动创业生态系统发展的关键因素。     

解析康德“驳斥唯心论”的论证

笛卡尔的存疑的唯心论主张,经验性自我的存有是真实可靠的,但外在事物的存有是可疑的和难以证明的。为驳斥这种唯心论,表明外部事物的实存,康德从关于自我的内在经验的可靠性出发,证明内在经验要以外部事物的经验为前提才是可能的,并进一步阐明内在经验与外在经验是不可分的、一体的。借助可能前提论证、不可分论证和一体性论证这三个越来越强有力的子论证,康德表明了,如果要质疑外部事物的实存,就必须同样地质疑内在经验,而这是存疑的唯心论无法接受的。这样,康德就以归谬论证的方式对笛卡尔式的唯心论进行了一种内部反驳。康德的论证模式同样适用于一种休谟式的存疑的唯心论。不同于笛卡尔式的唯心论之认可自我作为持存的实体,休谟式的唯心论对自我持有组合论的理解,拆解了自我的实体性。康德的论证模式之普遍效力揭示了笛卡尔、休谟等人的经验性唯心论的限度,也在一定程度上展现了走向先验唯心论的必要性。     

普通法上董事侵权责任解说——由香港法院近年判例引起的思考

近年来中国内地与中国香港特区社会经济交流日益增多。作为公司法律制度较为健全的司法域,中国香港特区的公司法判例中有很多做法值得内地借鉴,其中有关公司董事侵权归责的处理则是一例。以香港公司法上董事侵权案件为引,深入探讨香港乃至英国普通法系统上的董事侵权问题,包括过失侵权和故意侵权两类形式,认为公司董事侵权责任应受侵权法约束,解释了“个人责任假定”测试的内涵,主张代理说较代表说更具理论优势和实践可行性。     

基于违约鉴别能力组合赋权的小企业信用评级——基于小型工业企业样本数据的实证分析

信用评级是衡量债务违约的可能性,因此评级体系要有违约风险识别能力,能够将违约客户和非违约客户显著地区分开.通过逼近理想点的思路,构建多目标规划模型求解最优的组合权重,并对中国某区域性商业银行1 814笔小型工业企业贷款进行实证分析.本文的创新与特色一是以非违约企业的数据到正理想点的距离代数和最小为第一个目标函数,以违约企业的数据到负理想点的距离代数和最小为第二个目标函数,构建多目标非线性规划模型进行组合赋权,在满足了“非违约企业的评价得分越高、违约企业的评价得分越低”要求的目标下得到最优的组合赋权的权重系数,使赋权结果保证了评级模型能够将违约企业与非违约企业最大地区分开.改变了现有研究的组合赋权脱离评价目的的弊端,改变了现有研究中违约与非违约企业的评价得分存在大量重叠、对两类企业的区分能力低的弊端.二是通过检验“违约企业的信用得分是否显著小于非违约企业的信用得分”的J-T非参数检验,验证信用评价模型的合理性.改变现有研究忽略对信用评价模型的合理性进行验证的弊端.三是经过实证,发现本研究建立的组合赋权模型的违约鉴别能力(Z=5.546)要高于现有研究的两种常用组合赋权模型、即基于方差最大的组合赋权(Z=4.298)和基于偏差最小的组合赋权(Z=5.182)     

论跨界民族的多重认同

民族认同是民族的自觉行为,表现为一种归属感。跨界民族由于自身的特殊性,在认同方面具有多重性,即民族认同、政治认同、文化认同和社会认同。历史表明,在国际关系中,政治认同和社会认同的作用最为敏感。因此,要处理好跨界民族问题,必须解决好跨界民族的多重认同问题。     

The effects of perceived quality of organizationally provided meal service on employees’ job performance and mediating role of organizational identification

Contemporary managers are developing alternative ways to sustain their competitive advantages. Motivation-enhancing features such as high-quality meal service provided by organizations can be thought of as one of these methods. The effect of the perceived quality of meal service provided by organizations on the job performance of employees and the mediating role of organizational identification during this process is studied. Private security-sector employees working in Turkey (N?=?597) are being focused in this study. As a result of analyses (correlation and regression analyses, structural equation model), the authors find that the perceived quality of meal service provided by organizations improves employees’ job performance significantly and organizational identification has a partial mediating role on this association. The findings of this study will be of interest to key stakeholders such as public or private organizations, labor unions and the media.     

从实务案例出发谈债务加入的认定方式与追偿问题

关于债务加入虽然我国法律上并无明文规定,但自“苏高发审委[2005]16号纪要”首先提出来之后,无论是法学理论上还是法律实务上均成为讨论和应用的热点。笔者以审判实践中遇到的一种特殊情况为出发点,旨在通过争议焦点分析的方式对债权人做出的替保证人还款这一情况应认定为债务加入,并以案例分析的方式系统的展示债务加入的认定方式,并在最后分析了债务加入人履行了债务之后应如何追偿的问题,希望能够作为在实务中分析认定债务加入的有效借鉴。     

Supporting the democratic political organisation of Muslim immigrants: the perspective of Muslims in the Netherlands and Germany

Using data from three survey studies, this paper examines the support for the democratic political organisation of Muslims among Muslim immigrants in the Netherlands (Studies 1, 2, and 3) and Germany (Study 3). Using a social psychological perspective, support is examined in relation to religious group identification, Muslim linked fate, perceived discrimination, fundamentalist religious belief, and host national identification. The findings in all three studies show support for the political organisation of Muslims. Furthermore, higher religious group identification and higher linked fate were associated with stronger support. More discrimination and more fundamentalist beliefs were also associated with stronger support, and part of these associations was mediated by linked fate. National identification was not associated with support for the political organisation of Muslims.     

How national identification matters: the development of European identification among established ethnic minority groups

Based upon the data from qualitative studies of eight national minorities between the Baltic and the Danube, this article investigates the formation of European identification among members of the minority groups representing ‘split nations’ along the new eastern borders of the enlarged EU. The analysis reveals mechanisms of the formation of supranational identification by focusing on the relationships between subnational, national and European identifications to ascertain the degree of interconnectedness of these identification levels. These relationships are examined in the context of the potential impact of perceived ethnic conflict and utilitarian expectations of socio-economic and cultural gains from the process of European integration.     

Pathways to European identity formation: a tale of two models

This article argues that there are two distinct logics that underlie existing studies on European identification. These are grounded in models of collective identity formation that stress either messages inscribed in discursive processes or practices situated in socio-spatial relations – respectively, the “culturalist” and the “structuralist” models. The first of these models considers identification as a direct outcome of the exposure to content-specific symbols, narratives, and messages; the second, as an emerging property of socio-spatial interactions that are content-free of identity references. The first is logocentric, while the second is democentric and topocentric. This article focuses particularly on the second and less-developed research tradition which explores the effects of cross-national practices. The limits and potential of this model are discussed, setting an agenda for empirical research aiming to better elucidate the causal dynamics of European identity formation and adjudicate between these competing explanations.