妥协与抗争——比较分析两位维多利亚时代女性角色的命运

苔丝和萨拉分别是托马斯.哈代和约翰.福尔斯笔下的维多利亚时代女性。本文从女性主义的角度对这两位女性进行了比较和分析。苔丝对命运的消极反抗和妥协导致了其最终的悲剧结局;而萨拉向命运的主动抗争促使她最终冲破了父权社会的道德枷锁,成为独立的新女性。     

浅析重商主义与英国市场经济体制的形成

传统观点往往过分强调英国重商主义对国家干预的重视,从而把重商主义与贸易自由完全对立起来,忽视了国家干预只是英国重商主义市场经济理论的一个组成部分.事实上,英国重商主义在强调国家干预的同时,十分注重对市场开拓和市场运行机制的探讨,它对英国市场经济体制的形成具有十分重要的作用.     

英国大学科学园的兴盛及启示

英国大学科学园在大学、政府、企业及私人投资者的共同努力下兴盛发展。相对而言，我国大学科学园建立较晚．虽取得一定成绩但也存在一些不容回避的问题．探讨英国大学科学园兴盛的原因对我国大学科学园的建设无疑具有重要的借鉴价值。     

炼狱中的灵魂--《问题的核心》中的人文主义研究

格雷厄姆·格林是英国当代久负盛名的小说家,他的作品赢得了文学界广泛的赞誉和世界范围内读者的喜爱.<问题的核心>是他最有争议的宗教小说.文章通过分析小说主人公的悲剧命运来论证小说中的人文主义特色及其对作品产生的影响.     

中英大学物理实验教学模式的比较与分析

依据对英国及国内大学物理实验教学概况的了解,并以英国兰开夏大学和北京理工大学的物理实验教学及成绩评定的模式为例,比较分析了国内外大学在教学理念与方法、教学内容与成绩评价等方面的差异。可以看出英国的大学在培养学生创造性综合能力方面有许多值得我们借鉴的地方。     

巫术与祛魅——《织工马南传》中的神秘话语

乔治·艾略特的《织工马南传》一向被视作因果报应的道德寓言,其中大量涉及巫术与祛魅的神秘话语却被忽略。这些神秘话语有其深刻的文化意涵,在艾略特的小说叙事中,这一组相互作用的神秘语汇充满传统文化的色彩,微妙地调节着维多利亚时代农村社区的人际模式与道德秩序,是艾略特塑造"快乐英格兰"这一人文理想的必要话语资源。     

伏尔泰对英国政治哲学的传播

伏尔泰推崇牛顿与洛克的学说以及英国的政治制度,其整个政治哲学的基础来源于牛顿与洛克的自然神论与经验主义认识论。伏尔泰是洛克政治哲学的积极传播者,认为自由的价值高于平等,人最根本的权利是财产权。伏尔泰更是英国资产阶级革命所确立的政治制度与政治哲学的积极传播者,其目的是为了反对法国封建专制,含有倡导财产权利、自由的价值理念等明显的政治意图。之后的法国启蒙思想家不断地锻造着从英国输入的启蒙思想武器,创立了注重平等的法国特色自由主义政治哲学。     

Transitions to Supported Environments in England and Wales Among Elderly Widowed and Divorced Women: The Changing Balance Between Co-Residence with Family and Institutional Care

SUMMARY

In this article we examine changes in the proportion of older widowed and divorced women in England and Wales moving from “independent” to two kinds of “supported” household–supported private households and institutions–during the decades 1971–81 and 1981–91. Our main aim was to see whether observed increases in institutionalisation over this period were the result of a decreased propensity to move to the households of relatives. We used the ONS Longitudinal Study, a record linkage study including individual level data from the 1971, 1981 and 1991 censuses of England and Wales. A multinomial logit model was used to investigate the correlates of transitions from independent to supported private households versus institutions among elderly widowed and divorced women. While the overall rate of transitions to join either supported private households or institutions was largely the same in the two decades, the balance between the two shifted markedly in favour of transitions to institutions. In terms of the limited range of covariates it was possible to consider, owner-occupiers were significantly more likely than tenants to move to supported private households than to institutions.     

权变与永恒

英国“国家收入关联补充养老金”是英国福利体系的一大特征，它在工党和保守党的博弈中诞生，随经济形势和社会政治环境的变化而不断变革，虽然最后面临被取消，但它在保障制度史中的价值却是永恒的。     

The comfort of strangers: social work,modernity and late Victorian England—Part I

In these two related articles the history of social work in late Victorian England is understood by aligning it not with self-consciously held ideologies of, say, bourgeois capitalism, patriarchy, evangelical Protestantism, or liberal humanism, but with the complex cultural system of modernity. It is hoped to problematize both the genealogy and the substance of early social work that now so decisively shapes our interpretations of the influences of late Victorian philanthropy. The history of social work has to be treated seriously if we are to properly understand the present day situation in terms of modernity and investigate its orientation more thoroughly. This first paper offers a history of social work which draws attention to the imbrications of a secular modernity and how its governing ideas, texts and discourses of the time influence philanthropy. It examines dominant modernist themes that had a significant impact on the emergence of social work and the important role of the Charity Organization Society. It is suggested that these themes form part of a shared European heritage. Whilst the influences of modernity on social work are likely to have been uneven, there were common conditions faced by people in Europe and shared developments that gave way to the rise of social work in the nineteenth century.