Children's Participation,Childhood Publics and Social Change: A Review

Progress in the implementation of children's participation rights in England is reviewed and situated within a broader agenda of social change. The article argues that much of the energy for ‘change for children’ has resided within a governance pathway across policy, practice and research. An alternative perspective is offered by re‐connecting children's rights debates to those of social movements and asking whether childhood publics are possible, what they might look like and where they might be found. It is concluded that a cross‐national and longitudinal perspective grounded in everyday life is likely to provide a more nuanced understanding of the change for children.     

英国人文主义教育思想萌芽与发展的社会背景考察

英国宗教改革前后英国文化发生了变迁,文法学校与公学的兴起促进了古典课程的学习,圣保罗公学的变革反映了教会学校的人文主义倾向,这些因素是孕育英国人文主义教育思想萌芽和发展的社会沃土。     

对维多利亚时代的重构与解构--约翰＆#183;福尔斯《法国中尉的女人》释读

约翰·福尔斯《法国中尉的女人》不仅是对维多利亚时代小说的戏仿,更是对维多利亚时代男权社会的解构.本文通过对萨拉这位女性认识自我、寻求自由、挣脱传统束缚生活历程的释读,以揭露维多利亚社会等级森严、男尊女卑、虚伪浮薄的社会现状及其文化传统对人性的压抑.     

简论英国历史小说之兴起

历史小说的回归是当代英国文学发展的显著现象。历史小说文类历时性的不断发展产生了不同的文本面貌,造成了历史小说文类整体性研究的断裂和缺乏,因此从源头把握历史小说的发展、明确文类本身特征十分重要。18世纪末、司各特时代及维多利亚时代是英国历史小说文类发展起始的三个重要阶段,分别代表了历史小说的萌芽、出现和流行。     

从英国教堂文化透视中西方人生意识差异

英国人一生中的大事都与教堂密不可分——从出生的洗礼,到成年后的结婚仪式,乃至离世后的安息之所。在日常生活中,周末到教堂祈祷一般也会与英国人相伴一生。教堂文化折射出英国人对人生和世界的看法,去教堂是他们与上帝对话的途径,也反映出他们如何面对现世的人生意识。他们对生死的看法与大多以佛道为宗的中国人有很大差异。认识中英这种宗教文化上的差异,能让我们更好地认识和解决中西方交流中出现的矛盾和困难。     

Homophobic Bullying and Same-Sex Desire in Anglo-American Schools: An Historical Perspective

SUMMARY

Homophobic bullying has come into new prominence given its alleged connection to several recent acts of school violence. This article traces the historiography of homophobic bullying, both in recent years and with reference to the original era of concern over this problem, Victorian England. As can be seen through novels and autobiographies of school life, Victorians linked bullying and sexuality in several important ways. Their traditional understanding actually supported many acts of bullying as a way to teach boys accepted codes of masculine behavior. In the late- and post-Victorian era, growing scientific investigation into human sexual behavior and increasing openness about homosexuality changed this picture to some extent, leading writers to understand bullying as a product of the bully's repressed same-sex desires. Both these views persist today and provide a stimulating context for present-day investigations of homophobic bullying.     

LIFTING THE SPIRITS OF THE NATION: BRITISH BOXERS AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE NATIONAL SPORTING HERO AT THE TIME OF THE NAPOLEONIC WARS

In September 2003 a leading British broadsheet Sunday newspaper ran a leader headed “This Sporting Life” and “Cheers for two heroes of our time,” in which it acknowledged the ability of two current, young sporting heroes to “inspire hope” and “to lift the spirits of the nation.” Nearly 200 years ago, Tom Cribb, a pugilist, was similarly described as a “hero” and his exploits were described as having “national” significance after he had defeated a black pugilist from the United States. This essay uses contemporary sources to examine the life of Tom Cribb and the public response to him, and asks whether he was the first British national sporting hero and what characteristics he may share with modern sporting heroes. The National Sporting Hero (NSH) does not necessarily come from the same ethnic group that makes him a hero, but once acquired, the status is likely to last well beyond the normal sporting career and may last for life. A NSH will have had success against a formidable opponent and provoked feelings in the general public that develop from interest to admiration, pride, gratitude, and eventually affection and will also garner public recognition beyond those who normally follow sport and a willingness of the public to overlook personal flaws. This supports Richard Holt's view that unlike heroes from other spheres whose genius makes them appear “special creatures,” sporting heroes are seen to be “more like us.” Perhaps they give us hope and lift our spirits because we see in them ourselves, not perhaps as we are, but as we would like to be.     

维多利亚时期英国女子教育的变化轨迹

维多利亚时代是一个变革时代 ,伴随着经济和政治的变革 ,这一时期女子教育也发生了变化。从 1 9世纪 5 0年代开始 ,原有的内容贫乏、纯粹围绕婚姻展开的女子教育受到强烈冲击 ,一部分中产阶级女子率先开始女子教育改革的尝试 ,在内容、形式、平等教育权等方面迈出了关键一步。整个变革过程 ,充满了曲折和艰辛     

论格拉斯顿时期英国对爱尔兰的土地政策

爱尔兰问题一直是国际上关注的一个问题 ,其核心是爱尔兰民族与英国殖民统治的矛盾 ,而土地问题则是矛盾的主要表现。格拉斯顿内阁时期 ,面对爱尔兰社会的长期动荡 ,基于英帝国利益的考虑 ,改变传统的掠取的土地政策 ,通过立法手段 ,逐步实现爱尔兰农业资本主义化的土地解决方案 ,对后世产生深远影响。