罪案报道对青少年的负面心理影响

分析罪案报道的基本特征,提出罪案报道对青少年产生的六个方面的负面心理影响。     

Citizen Advisory Committees and Environmental Policy: What We Know, What's Left to Discover

Citizen Advisory Committees (CACs) are being used in increasing numbers to provide public input into environmental policy and management decisions. While there is a large body of literature consisting of guidelines for establishing and running CACs, the body of literature of empirical evaluations of CACs is markedly smaller. Fourteen empirical studies of CACs involved in environmental policy decisions (spanning the period from 1976 to 1994) are reviewed here, including case studies, large-scale surveys, and consultant reports. For each study consideration is given to the methods of study, the issues considered by the CACs, the organizations advised, the definitions of success used in the study, and the suggested factors contributing to the success, or lack of success, experienced by the CACs. The review shows that the influence of CACs on policy outcomes have varied from case to case, with some accomplishing little and others having significant policy impacts. The increased use of CACs by government and industry presents an excellent opportunity for academics and practitioners to strengthen their understanding of the internal processes and capabilities of CACs through comparative evaluation research.     

基于STIRPAT模型分析社会经济因素对甘肃省环境压力的影响

运用生态足迹理论分析了甘肃省环境可持续性动态变化特征,甘肃省环境可持续性状况随时间的变化呈现出显著的阶段性特征．并以1998年为分水岭,之前,人类生产消费活动处于环境承栽范围之内,此后,出现人均生态足迹赤字且总体呈显著的上升趋势。同时。万元GDP生态足迹以较快的速度递减,表明资源利用效率得到很大提高．且潜力依旧巨大。以1991—2006年甘肃省生态足迹时间序列数据作为环境压力的衡量指标,利用STIRPAT模型分析了人口数量、经济（人均GDP）、社会（城市化水平和产业结构）等人文驱动力对环境压力的影响。结果表明．人口数量的增加,富裕程度的增强都将不同程度地加剧人类对环境的影响,而产业结构的适当调整能有效减轻环境压力。     

Modeling the Role of Inventories and Heterogeneity in the Assessment of the Economic Costs of Natural Disasters

Estimates of the cost of potential disasters, including indirect economic consequences, are an important input in the design of risk management strategies. The adaptive regional input‐output (ARIO) inventory model is a tool to assess indirect disaster losses and to analyze their drivers. It is based on an input‐output structure, but it also (i) explicitly represents production bottlenecks and input scarcity and (ii) introduces inventories as an additional flexibility in the production system. This modeling strategy distinguishes between (i) essential supplies that cannot be stocked (e.g., electricity, water) and whose scarcity can paralyze all economic activity; (ii) essential supplies that can be stocked at least temporarily (e.g., steel, chemicals), whose scarcity creates problems only over the medium term; and (iii) supplies that are not essential in the production process, whose scarcity is problematic only over the long run and are therefore easy to replace with imports. The model is applied to the landfall of Hurricane Katrina in Louisiana and identifies two periods in the disaster aftermath: (1) the first year, during which production bottlenecks are responsible for large output losses; (2) the rest of the reconstruction period, during which bottlenecks are inexistent and output losses lower. This analysis also suggests important research questions and policy options to mitigate disaster‐related output losses.     

Inherent Costs and Interdependent Impacts of Infrastructure Network Resilience

Recent studies in system resilience have proposed metrics to understand the ability of systems to recover from a disruptive event, often offering a qualitative treatment of resilience. This work provides a quantitative treatment of resilience and focuses specifically on measuring resilience in infrastructure networks. Inherent cost metrics are introduced: loss of service cost and total network restoration cost. Further, “costs” of network resilience are often shared across multiple infrastructures and industries that rely upon those networks, particularly when such networks become inoperable in the face of disruptive events. As such, this work integrates the quantitative resilience approach with a model describing the regional, multi‐industry impacts of a disruptive event to measure the interdependent impacts of network resilience. The approaches discussed in this article are deployed in a case study of an inland waterway transportation network, the Mississippi River Navigation System.     

“国学热”与鲁迅文学和学术贡献的价值判断

鲁迅的文学和学术实绩是一种带有整体意义的现代创造,具有不可分割的生命关系,但悄然兴起于20世纪末叶的国学热及其在这种文化语境下形成的价值评判标准,对于鲁迅研究至少形成了三个方面的现实影响:其一,由冷转热的国学蕴含着唯古是崇的价值标准;其二,遭遇国学大师与鲁迅实际学术贡献的有限确认;其三,纯学术的眼光不仅低估了鲁迅实际的学术水准,也人为切断了鲁迅整体性生命追求中学术与文学的血肉关系。     

《中介机构所持证券若干权利法律适用公约》介评

海牙国际私法会议《中介机构所持证券若干权利法律适用公约》开创了针对无体物冲突法进行国际立法的先河,其规定的证券物权冲突适用“相关中介机构所在地法”,是传统“物之所在地法”的更新;其调整对象是证券交易中的物权,包括证券完全转让时的所有权和以证券作为担保物时的担保物权。该公约顺应并有力促进证券的跨国交易,推动间接持有体制下证券物权冲突法立法的统一化进程,并对各国立法具有导向作用;但公约也产生了一些消极的影响。     

贵阳市以金阳新区建设为重点的多元化城市发展路程

改革开放以来,贵阳市城市化水平不断提高、城市化质量不断改善,已迈上了多元化的城市发展道路; 走以金阳新区建设为重点,旧城、新区、小城镇多元化发展的路子,是贵阳市解决城市化发展不足、进 一步提高城市化水平和质量的客观需要;“政府主导,市场运作”的开发建设模式是贵阳市以金阳新区 建设为重点,旧城、新区、小城镇多元化发展的现实选择;以工业化、服务化带动城市化,通过就业、住 宅、教育、医疗、社会保障、户籍以及政府等方面的综合配套改革,推动人口向城市的聚集,是贵阳市以 金阳新区建设为重点,旧城、新区、小城镇多元化发展的现实路径。     

森林认证在昌化林场的影响分析

开展森林认证是我国森林经营和管理工作与国际接轨的一个重要内容，是实现我国森林可持续经营的有效途径。浙江省临安市昌化林场是我国第一个通过认证的森林经营企业，该文对森林认证在昌化林场的影响进行分析。结果表明：森林认证的开展能够促进森林的可持续经营，能够促进环境友好，能够使当地社区的群众受益。该文对寻求森林认证的其他森林经营者具有借鉴意义。     

旅游影响下的生态文化景观变迁和重构——基于云南藏区R村的研究

旅游影响研究尽管已经较为成熟,但是大多研究缺乏将其文化社会影响和生态环境影响进行关联。而民族地区的生态文化景观常常是民族文化体系中的一个重要部分。云南藏区R村的案例表明,旅游引致的藏族生态文化景观的变迁,更多是通过对当地社区文化施予影响来实现的。在旅游发展背景下,重构藏族生态文化景观迫切需要来自规划、经营管理和社区多个层面的关注。