工业取用水监测奇异数据挖掘与重构方法

提高工业取用水监测数据质量是目前国家水资源监控能力建设的重要内容,而奇异值问题已成为影响监测数据质量的关键短板。本文在解析现阶段工业取用水监测数据奇异值主要类型基础上,以国家水资源管理系统数据库中工业取用水监测数据为样本,利用小波变换模极大值模型提取工业取用水监测数据时频变化特征,并利用傅里叶函数对其残差序列进行修正,进而运用相对误差控制方法挖掘监测数据奇异值。在此基础上,采用混沌粒子群优化的最小二乘支持向量机模型重构填补奇异值数据。研究结果表明：小波变换模极大值模型能够较好地提取工业取用水监测数据序列的时频变化特征,但是同时容易导致监测数据的信息损失,利用傅里叶函数对小波变换进行残差修正则可进一步提升取用水监测数据序列的特征提取效果;以小波变换模极大值特征序列为基础,通过相对误差控制可实现对监测数据奇异值的高效挖掘;对于挖掘出的奇异值重构填补问题,可选取混沌粒子群优化的最小二乘支持向量机模型,其重构精度要优于多项式曲线拟合等传统统计学方法和普通最小二乘支持向量机模型。上述工业取用水监测数据奇异值挖掘重构策略为现阶段国家水资源监控能力建设的推进提供了重要技术方法支持。     

松花江水污染事件与流域生态补偿的制度构建

通过对松花江水污染事件的反省,探讨我国流域生态补偿制度的构建问题。认为水污染事件背后是分处松花江上下游的吉林和黑龙江两省之间基于“相互性”而长期存在的利益冲突,构建流域生态补偿的法律制度是化解矛盾的主要方法。流域生态补偿法律制度的框架包括补偿主体与受偿主体、补偿资金的筹集、流域生态补偿管理机构以及补偿资金的支付等内容。     

罗贯中与《三国演义》《水浒传》国际学术研讨会综述

罗贯中与《三国演义》《水浒传》国际学术研讨会,于2006年8月在山东泰安召开,与会中外专家学者就《三国演义》《水浒传》的版本与成书过程;罗贯中的籍贯问题;《三国演义》《水浒传》人物形象、思想文化内涵;小说艺术的运用以及《水浒传》《三国演义》的小说评点、传播、接受等方面的问题,进行了热烈而又和谐的讨论,提出了许多新见解、新观点,为《三国演义》《水浒传》研究的进一步发展拓宽了道路。     

《岳阳楼记》对水利景观规划的启迪

由《岳阳楼记》的剖析引出水利景观的形、景、情、理的逻辑结构和形、光、声、色四要素的最优配置,并指出多样性即美、多样性即生态的造景原则,提出文脉发掘、景观惟一性和活水的重要性。     

以诗人之才情树人生价值之标杆——评谭仲池小说《此情如水》

谭仲池《此情如水》是一本具有诗性色彩的长篇小说,作者以一位情为民所系、利为民所谋的市长的主观视角来探察新型化城市经济建设与发展的历程,以“人生价值”为叙事脉络,着力表现新型化城市建设过程中的人性的欲望与自我反省,是新世纪探索性现实主义小说的又一力作     

《后水浒传》的多重价值

《后水浒传》是《水浒传》的续书之一,是在《水浒传》之后产生的又一部歌颂草莽豪杰的英雄故事作品。小说写宋江等人死后转世托生为杨幺等人,发动了洞庭湖农民起义,继承和发展了水浒的事业。他们提出了"均贫畗"平等"等思想,反对招安、外族入侵。小说塑造了杨幺的杰出形象,以续书形式反映了明末清初的市民心理。     

让施耐庵归真返璞——就《水浒》作者问道于刘世德、马成生、应守岩先生

阐述《水浒传》作者施耐庵生平事迹至今不详的历史和现实原因,剖析以人废言的弊端,以张国光先生风范向刘世德先生进言,就马成生先生《杭州与水浒》提出不同看法,驳斥应守岩先生对耐庵故里——江苏兴化的诬蔑,呼吁海内外学人让施耐庵归真反璞。     

Room for manoeuvre: User participation in water resources management in Burkina Faso

Participation in natural resources management is widely promoted in sub‐Saharan Africa, but faces mounting criticism from social science scholars who rarely engage with it in practice. We use the notion of room for manoeuvre to reflect on a multi‐level participatory approach designed to support the Burkinabè Integrated Water Resources Management policy and propose ways of engaging constructively with local users and policy‐makers. Within an “invited space” of participation, water users’ room for manoeuvre was enhanced through the acquisition of new knowledge on the legal Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) framework. This allowed them to interact with decision‐makers and to extend their networks. Power imbalances were discussed, but this did not lead to modifying existing power structures that hinge on broader societal dynamics.     

Using Bayesian graphical models to model biases in observational studies and to combine multiple sources of data: application to low birth weight and water disinfection by-products

Summary.  Data in the social, behavioural and health sciences frequently come from observational studies instead of controlled experiments. In addition to random errors, observational data typically contain additional sources of uncertainty such as missing values, unmeasured confounders and selection biases. Also, the research question is often different from that which a particular source of data was designed to answer, and so not all relevant variables are measured. As a result, multiple sources of data are often necessary to identify the biases and to inform about different aspects of the research question. Bayesian graphical models provide a coherent way to connect a series of local submodels, based on different data sets, into a global unified analysis. We present a unified modelling framework that will account for multiple biases simultaneously and give more accurate parameter estimates than standard approaches. We illustrate our approach by analysing data from a study of water disinfection by-products and adverse birth outcomes in the UK.     

Exploring the Ebbs and Flows of Community Engagement: The Pyramid of Engagement and Water Activism in Two Canadian Communities

In this article, we share results from a comparative study exploring the dynamics of community engagement surrounding local water advocacy organizations in two Canadian communities. Although emergent local issues and the perception of crisis triggered some short-term community engagement, social factors such as collective identity, a sense of community, and sense of efficacy appear to be more important for sustaining and deepening engagement. Drawing on the results, we show how the pyramid of engagement, by depicting activist engagement as a multilevel, developmental process, can serve as a useful tool for community engagement scholars and practitioners alike.