Testing Wagner's Law in India: A cointegration and causality analysis

The present study empirically analyzes the validity of Wagner's Law for Indian economy. With the use of annual time series data from 1970–71 to 2013–14, all the six versions of Wagner's Law have been analyzed to test the relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. Wagner's Law states that the economic growth is the causative factor of the growth of the public expenditure. The study applied the unit root test and cointegration test to find the long-run relationship between government expenditure and gross domestic product. The present study employed the various econometric techniques such as unit root test, cointegration, and causality analysis for empirical analysis. The empirical analysis under study inferred mixed results of Wagner's Law for Indian economy, where four versions, namely Peacock, Gupta, Guffman, and Musgrave, found valid for Indian economy. The study concluded that the Wagner's Law is valid for the Indian economy except the Pryor and Mann Versions of the Wagner's Law.     

德国对外国投资者并购德国公司的安全审查制度及其法律对策

通过对《德国对外经济法》《德国对外经济条例》改革的介绍及其与欧盟法、《关贸总协定》的比较,认为应对这两个德国法中的"公共安全和国家秩序"进行更加准确的界定,并分析了这次改革对我国企业在德国以及欧盟范围内并购德国企业所产生的法律风险,进而提出事先和事后的应对策略。     

The Roles Played by the Staff and Workers’ Representative Congress in the Formation of Work Regulations

Article 4 of the Labor Contract Law lays down the right of the Staff and Workers’ Representative Congress (SWRC) to deliberate on the formulation of (intra-enterprise) work regulations, but this has become a “soft” law in judicial practice. The judicial criteria for judging the validity of work regulations are in essence determined by the judge’s judgment on their reasonableness. As an important embodiment of Chinese politics, economics and culture, the transformation of the SWRC that accompanied the market economy has not negated its value as an indigenous traditional resource. The SWRC does not just enjoy deliberative rights in the formation of regulations, as clearly specified in constitutional law, but also has rights under the law in local legislation and practice. Hence the system of work regulations is neither a unilateral decision on the part of management nor a contract, but rather an autonomous norm developed through the SWRC mechanism. Given the mandatory nature of Article 4 of the Labor Contract Law, regulations will only be valid after they have gone through a democratic process. The further development of the theory of normative system formation should endow the SWRC with greater rights and integrate it smoothly with the collective contract system to standardize collective labor relations.     

以反垄断案为例浅析我国《反垄断法》的实施及其完善

我国《反垄断法》实施三年多来，在市场经济中发挥着不可忽视的作用。但是能否完全在市场经济尤其是网络经济运行中，有效保护正当竞争，规范有序竞争的问题还有许多值得思考的东西。本文结合我国首起垄断重罚案，分析了国家发改委对中国电信和联通两巨头的反垄断调查，提出应尽快出台《反垄断法》实施细则及其亟需完善的几个方面。     

立体的文化自觉与文艺规律

文化自觉是对事物正确的认识和感悟。没有文化自觉就没有文化的建设和文化的创新。文化自觉靠学习和研究来获得。要提高对保护非物质文化遗产的文化自觉，提高文艺的社会本质和艺术本质的文化自觉。要用六维的立体思维去观察和认识文化，提高对文艺规律的文化自觉，实现社会主义文艺的大繁荣。     

侵权人不明的高楼落物侵权的法律规制

《侵权责任法》第87条对侵权人不明的高楼落物侵权责任的承担进行了规定,具有保障受害人得到补偿、统一司法实践、降低致害概率的积极意义。但是,该规定也存在许多不足之处,主要表现为不利于社会和谐、容易引发道德风险、预防功能不充分、适用前提不明确等,没有很好地解决高楼落物侵权所面临的困境。采取社会救济、高楼落物赔偿基金、保险赔偿等多种途径相结合的救济方式,行政法、刑法与《侵权责任法》相配合的惩罚制度,不仅可以使受害人得到及时的、充分的补偿,而且可以有效预防此类侵权损害的发生。     

Group Benefit and Protection of Pediatric Research Subjects: Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger and the Lead Abatement Study

The Maryland Court of Appeals in Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute was sharply critical of the lead abatement study conducted by this Institute, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University. Grimes ruled that investigators might, given the facts of the case, have a special relationship with subjects, thereby creating a duty of care that could, if breached, give rise to an action in negligence. This ruling has implications for pediatric research practices and long-standing disputes among informed people of good will about what pediatric studies should be permitted.     

Access to Water in the Slums of Sub‐Saharan Africa

This article reviews the changing perspectives for improving access to water in the slums of developing countries, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. While much of the literature continues to maintain an aversion to state‐led urban development policies, there is now increasing emphasis on the importance of informal, small‐scale providers and communitarian initiatives, following the many failures of privatisation. The article argues that market‐oriented solutions are inappropriate for sub‐Saharan African countries where over two‐thirds of the urban population live in squatter settlements with multidimensional challenges.     

法律的民族志写作与文化批评——论中国的法律人类学研究

本文针对目前我国对法律人类学的研究还没有形成独立的学科特色和明确研究方向、研究方法这一问题,提出可以以法律的民族志写作为其工具,进行法律的文化批评,用实践化的研究风格树立其独特的交叉学科形象。     

民族自治地方制定民族区域自治法实施办法的几点思考

自治地方制定民族区域自治法实施办法迫在眉睫。自治地方制定自治法实施办法存在不少问题。本文就自治地方制定自治法实施办法存在的主要问题,即认识问题和利益协调问题,提出自治地方制定自治法实施办法的几点思考。