Women's employment patterns and occupational achievements

This paper suggests that employment patterns and occupational advancement are related: Those less extensively and less continuously employed will have less investment in human capital, fewer opportunities to move to higher positions in the occupational structure, and, consequently, less gain in occupational rewards over the work life. Here National Longitudinal Survey data for women 30 to 44 years of age in 1967 are used to examine the effects of women's employment experience on their status gains from their career beginnings to 1971. A small but significant effect of employment experience on status gain is found for whites, but not for nonwhites.     

再论吴承恩不是《西游记》作者

鲁迅先生为了实现他对中国传统文化的反拨,认定吴承恩做《西游记》的作者,从而在客观上否定了《西游记》的文化载体意义和社会认识价值。此后,由于作者的限制,《西游记》的文化研究始终不能有所深入。为了真正探索《西游记》的文化意义,我们就不能不对鲁迅先生的《西游记》作者研究进行一番反思和考证。     

启征西河与夏代西河地望

古本《竹书纪年》有"启征西河"和"胤甲居西河"之记载。启征西河即文献所载启诛武观。"五观"即"五子"亦即"武观",并非启之五子或季子,而是参与反叛夏朝的异姓诸侯。启征西河应是夏代初年夷、夏激烈民族斗争历史背景下,夏族与传说中的虞舜的后裔的国族观国之间发生的一场战争。根据有关文献和考古学资料判断,胤甲所居西河极有可能即在古观国,今河南濮阳清丰一带。夏代西河得名盖缘于该地位于古《汉志》河以西。     

《西游记》"心猿"考论

"心猿"作为孙悟空的代称,频频出现在《西游记》(百回本)的文本中,直接的源头并非佛教,更不是明中后期的阳明心学;这种特色鲜明的话语现象,是全真道带来的,再具体些讲,是受到王重阳、马丹阳著作影响的结果。这恰可证明唐玄奘取经的事迹的传播与演变,在"诗话"、"平话"环节之后,全真道染指于这一影响广泛的故事。教中某无名氏把已有的素材同自己的教义比附、熔渗,又发挥想象力,增加、丰满了不少情节,使得《西游记》成为辅教、布道的讲唱材料,其后,又有"华阳洞天主人"——对于道教不那么友好的人士在道教失势的时代背景下,从头整理、加工、定型,从而一定程度削减了全真道的色彩,并转变了全书的宗教立场(由道教辅教转为扬佛抑道),加入了玩世、骂世的内容,于是形成了"世德堂本"。     

西部地区企业发展循环经济研究——以271家上市公司为例

西部地区是我国民族文化的主要发源地,众多江河源地区,文化和自然生态功能重要且独特。因此,该地区企业发展循环经济需要处理和利用民族文化的积极作用以及区域生态功能定位带来的机遇,并在此基础上制定符合西部地区人文特点的约束激励机制。本文在前人研究的基础上,以西部地区271家上市企业为样本,探讨企业利用上述因素推进循环经济发展的对策和措施。     

西部大开发中生态环境的保护建设

本文通过对西部生态环境现状及存在问题的评述、分析,指出实施西部大开发战略必须走资源开发利用与生态环境保护建设并举之路,方能真正达到开发西部,并使中国经济整体协调发展的目的.     

二元经济结构——西部大开发的重要阻滞因素

西部地区突出二元经济结构 ,是实施西部大开发战略必须正视的课题。文章阐释了西部地区二元经济结构的特殊性 ,论证了西部地区二元经济结构对西部大开发的一系列不利影响 ,旨在说明西部大开发是一项长期而艰巨的历史任务     

Local realities and global possibilities: deconstructing the imaginations of aspiring migrants in Senegal

Recent studies show that the numbers of aspiring migrants continue to be on the increase worldwide not only in the typical emigration countries in the South but also in the usual destination countries in the North. Yet, while migration theorists have recently included the micro perspective of individual agency and sociocultural logics in their search for the engine behind the migration flows, far less research has been done on the sociocultural embeddedness of the imaginations of aspiring migrants, most of whom will never migrate. In Senegal, an increasing large number of men and women are very focused on transnational migration. This article tries to unravel the knot as to what lies at the core of this seeming national preoccupation with migration out of Senegal. Its conclusion suggests that the pervasive desire of so many is rooted in the way in which the economic claims of family members and friends are culturally informed.     

Between Land Grabbing and Farmers' Benefits: Land Transfers in West Kalimantan,Indonesia

Rapid growth of oil palm cultivation in West Kalimantan, Indonesia has increased both the pace and size of land transfers from farmers to big companies and city-based investors. This process has been widely conceptualised as ‘top-down land grabbing’ but this perspective largely neglects the agency of the farmers. This paper seeks to shed light on the agency of farmers with respect to how they respond to land transfer schemes. Through a study of land transfers under nucleus estate schemes (NES), schemes that were introduced by the Indonesian government in which smallholding farms are integrated parts of a modern, large size plantation company, we will show that agrarian dynamics are shaped by notions of what is ‘fair’ and ‘just’.     

关于进一步推进国外马克思主义研究的若干思考

过去30年中,我国的“国外马克思主义研究”主要采取了两种范式：“西方马克思主义”和“新马克思主义”,其中以“西方马克思主义”为主。这类研究尽管取得很大成绩,也存在一定问题。随着2005年国务院学位委员会、教育部把“国外马克思主义研究”作为“马克思主义理论”的二级学科确立,应该以“国外马克思主义研究”范式作为准则,对该学科进行重新定位和进行新的分支学科划分,进一步推进“国外马克思主义研究”的发展。