The validity of the occupational stress indicator

During the last two decades two potent groups of predictors for work-related musculoskeletal problems have been identified: physical work load and poor psychosocial working conditions. However, little is known about their combined effects. In this study the buffering effect of control at work with respect to the negative effects of psychological demands and physical work load on musculoskeletal problems is examined. All study variables were sampled from 431 people working in geriatric nursing homes in Germany by means of questionnaires. Main effects and interactions were tested with multiple regression analysis. The results showed that control buffered the effects of high psychological demands, but not of high physical work load; the buffering effect of control was observed only when physical work load was low. The combined effects of demands and physical work load were over-additive. Thus, the power of different predictors for musculoskeletal symptoms depended on the level of other predictors. This suggests that the efficiency of certain strategies for the prevention of musculoskeletal problems is likely to depend on the level of risk factors, with different strategies being appropriate for different levels of risk.     

关于极度评价构式“最美＋X”的考察与解析

"最美+X"是表示正面极度评价义的新兴构式,其产生、流行以一定的社会心理和语言动态发展为客观基础,也有表达说话人认识、评价的主观性动因。该构式的生成机制是距离象似动因下的概念黏合化;"最美"固化倾向明显,其作用和意义趋向于区别词。"最美+X"作为新兴命名性构式,体现了当今社会人们新的审美标准和道德评判观念。     

黄甫及生平事迹考辨--对陈寅恪《柳如是别传》一则重要考证的补正

陈寅恪先生<柳如是别传>发覆钱谦益、柳如是反清复明事迹,抉幽入微,颇具识见,但其有关黄甫及就是徽州人黄澍的推测,及由此得出的顺治六年冬黄甫及游吴盖为受张天禄秘使联络钱谦益抗清等一系列的推论,不免有误.黄甫及本名黄申,淮安人,与黄澍并非一人.黄甫及在明末任职鸿胪寺,明亡后为孤节遗民,放浪形骸.黄甫及多交故国遗老,虽有反清复明之意,但其访钱谦益,与清初的反清复明活动并无必然的联系.     

A study of the Gamma-Pareto (IV) distribution and its applications

ABSTRACT

Pareto distributions and their close relatives and generalizations provide very flexible families of heavy-tailed distributions that may be used to model income distributions as well as a wide variety of other social and economic distributions. On the other hand, gamma distribution has a wide application in various social and economic spheres such as survival analysis, to model aggregate insurance claims, and the amount of rainfall accumulated in a reservoir etc. Combining the above two heavy-tailed distributions, using the technique by Alzaatreh et al. (2012 Alzaatreh, A., Famoye, F., Lee, C. (2012). Gamma-Pareto distribution and its applications. J. Modern Appl. Stat. Methods. 11:78–94.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]), we define a new distribution, namely Gamma-Pareto (IV) distribution, hereafter called as GPD^(IV) distribution. Various properties of the GPD^(IV) are investigated such as limiting behavior, moments, mode, and Shannon entropy. Also some characterizations of the GPD^(IV) distribution are mentioned in this paper. Maximum likelihood method is proposed for estimating the model parameters. For illustrative purposes, real data sets are considered as applications of the GPD^(IV) distribution.     

我国社区矫正京沪模式的比较分析与选择

社区矫正试点以来,北京模式和上海模式对全国的影响最大,也较成熟。其中,北京模式强调政府主导,上海模式则偏重社会力量的参与。本文通过借鉴国外社区矫正的特色模式,建议我国创新"1+X"模式,在县级行政区划内打破行政界域,由司法行政机构实施社区刑罚执行权,矫正中的帮扶行为则用政府购买服务的方式,由第三部门具体实施。     

“有X没X”的类别功能及其词汇化

“有X没X”有四类形式,各形式的功能有所不同,梳理各类别“有X没X”句法、结构和语义功能,推断出各类别的词汇化判定条件。通过考察“有X没X”的词汇化过程,找到了“有X没X”各类形式历时层面不同句法表现的依据,并得出“有X没X”中有些语例整合成为习语的机制。     

中国月度数据的季节调整：一个新方案

 本文针对中国特定的节假日效应和交易日效应对季节调整问题提出了新的方案,包括移动节假日效应（如春节、中秋节、清明节、端午节等）、黄金周效应、五天工作制效应等;论文利用新的调整方案对我国社会消费品零售总额的月度数据进行了季节调整,诊断结果表明,新方案能比较充分地提取各种季节特征;论文对我国季节调整问题提出了针对性建议。     

“X比N还N”句式的语义探索

“X比N还N”句式是现代汉语中一种超常规组合的“比”字句,经常出现在口语和文艺作品中。本文通过考察格式中“前N”与“后N”语义表达上的差异和进入本句式的语义条件限制,并结合认知语言学,分析、探索这一句式。     

现代汉语“想X就X”格式考察

文章以真实语料为依据,从结构、语义、语用三个方面对能产性极强的"想X就X"格式进行分析研究。通过分析发现其内部结构可根据X1与X2的异同进行更细的分类;其连用形式也有鲜明的结构特征;同时文章认为该格式的基本语义是体现动作发出者的主观意愿及其意愿的自由实现,同时具有强化说话人主观情态的语义特征和语用功能,并试图解释其缘由;最后文章还对格式的语用特征做了初步的考察。     

积极开发管线钢为西气东输工程用钢国产化做贡献

“西气东榆”是我国西部大开发的标志性工程，这一项目已经引起了国内外的广泛关注。开发管线用钢不仅具有重大的现实意义，而且也可为提高我国钢铁工业整体水平做出贡献。