论古代社会的弃婴救助

古代弃婴问题是社会民众面对生存困境的消极反映。历代王朝实力奉行,积极救助,在客观上起到了挽救生命的作用,但并未从根本上扭转此问题,助而有失、禁而不止。弃婴救助总体失败的症结在于养育的保障成本偏高。     

社会学视野下的近年农村土地抛荒问题浅析

近年来农村土地抛荒有愈演愈烈的趋势,土地耕种的成本过大、放弃土地承包的心理成本和放弃打工机会的成本过高,各项成本与收益不平衡,以及农民经过20多年市场经济氛围熏陶后决定自己的行为时日益理性化、经济化等因素,是导致今日农民抛荒土地的重要原因。     

残留孤儿的社会适应性研究

残留孤儿群体具有典型性和特殊性 ,涉及文化冲突、文化适应及再社会化等问题。本文试图通过对残留孤儿群体的社会适应性研究 ,揭示出人在文化价值冲突中心理层面和生活价值及行为方式的变化 ,为文化兼容与共存提供研究积累     

Lapsele Oma Kodu (bringing abandoned children home): a project from Tallinn, Estonia to reunite institutionalized children with families

In 1993 it was estimated that there were approximately 2000 children in 64 institutions in Estonia. Children in Estonia and in other central and eastern European countries are often removed from their homes and placed in institutions in order to ensure that their basic physical needs will be met. Lapsele Oma Kodu is a project that was initiated in Estonia in 1993 to (a) train social workers and homemakers to provide family services to reunite institutionalized children with families; (b) return home a minimum of 50 institutionalized children; (c) demonstrate a model family support program; and (d) influence public opinion and child welfare policy in Estonia. Between April 1993 and June 1994, services were provided to 150 families (including 187 children). A total of 101 children have been removed from institutions and placed with biological, foster or adoptive families. An additional 19 children have been able to remain with their families through preventive services. This article presents data from the first 15 months of project activities that can be useful to other countries in central and eastern Europe initiating similar family service programs in the post-Soviet era.     

“姜嫄生后稷”中的“缺失”——从《诗经·大雅·生民》读解周民族的思想特性

《诗经·大雅·生民》讲述了周族祖先后稷的出生与业绩,其中隐含着某种迄今还未被人关注的奇特之处。通过揭示这种独特之处,并将它与其他的创始人传说,特别是古希腊神话和《新旧约全书》中的创始人传说进行对比,才得以显示周文化以及直接源自周文化的儒家、道家的独特的思想倾向。"缺失"在这里主要指"对象"的缺失,而不意味着意义与神性的缺乏。