四川高校教职工心理压力现状的调查研究

目的:了解四川省高校教职工心理压力现状。调查对象:四川7所高校682名教职工的心理压力情况。调查结果:1)感受到中重度心理压力的教职工占75.9%,感到压力对自己目前的生活产生了中重度影响的教职工占63.7%,仅有35.3%的教职工应对压力的方式是基本有效的;2)教职工的压力源主要来自工作方面,压力源对30~45岁的中等资历教职工群体,离婚、再婚等特殊困难教职工群体的影响程度较大;3)部分教职工的压力认知还存在偏差,多数教职工的压力应对方式还不够完善。学校可通过针对不同群体的心理压力实际情况相应改善政策、普及心理压力知识、构建组织文化等途径来缓解教职工的心理压力。     

Awareness of Elder Abuse Among Community Health and Social Care Staff in Northern Ireland: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT

This article reports on one of the first surveys of multi-disciplinary staff awareness of elder abuse in this region of the United Kingdom (UK). Forty staff from eight professional groups in the Southern Health and Services Board area were surveyed about their knowledge of elder abuse, the types of help they thought they could offer the abused and the abuser, and the level of abuse in their current caseload. Thirty-five per cent of respondents had cases of physical, psychological, financial, and sexual abuse as well as care-giver neglect of people aged 65 and over in their caseloads. The findings suggest that while staff had differing levels of awareness of elder abuse, further training is necessary.     

基于法学视角的高校全员育人制度实效性研究——以五邑大学本科新生导师制度实践为例

作为全员育人制度重要实施措施的本科新生导师制在五邑大学实施以来遇到了实践困境和认同危机。从法学角度,运用制度制定与执行理论,剖析本科新生导师制度的设置与实践问题,得出结论：全员育人制度的基本理念与法治的有限精神相左,全员育人制度的设计与法治之成立基础冲突。因此,只有在尊重大学教育中学生工作与教学工作基本分工的前提下,考虑高校本身的环境支持,设立专业型本科新生导师,才能有效地落实高校全员育人制度。     

教学型向教学研究型大学转型的教师队伍建设研究

建设高素质的教师队伍,大力提高教师教学水平、科研创新和社会服务能力,是教学型向教学研究型大学转型面临的重要课题。阐述和分析教学研究型大学教师队伍的角色定位和分类管理,提出建设思路和原则,探索"引进—培养—聘用—考评"四位一体的教师队伍建设机制。     

A Peek Inside the Box: How Information Flows Through Substance Abuse Treatment Agencies

This article describes how integrated health information technology affects the collection and flow of client-level intake and assessment data within substance abuse treatment agencies. We combined process mapping and qualitative inquiry methods to analyze staff interviews (N = 54) from eight agencies in four U.S. states. Integrated health information technology was related to expedited and improved flow of information, while nonintegrated health information technology systems were associated with double data entry, multiple eligibility screenings, and different intake processes across levels of care. Process mapping is an effective tool to identify barriers to efficient client-level data management and opportunities to leverage health information technology to streamline the intake process of substance abuse treatment agencies, improve staff productivity, and enhance the accuracy and information flow.     

Applying Group Support Systems in Social Work Education and Practice

SUMMARY

This article describes an electronic tool or process called Meeting Works?, which supports and arguably improves human service staff meetings. Meeting Works? has been shown to be effective with action planning, focus groups, project planning, quality initiatives, and a number of other activities associated with the human services.     

Post-Modern Ideas in Substance Abuse Treatment

ABSTRACT

This article describes the use of post-modern ideas in the treatment of substance abusers at a long term residential and day treatment center. It describes some of the changes that ensued as a result of a transformation from a “therapeutic community” (TC) model to a “solution-focused” model. The TC is a deficit model that focuses on a person's flaws and weaknesses. Solution-focused therapy, on the other hand, focuses on what a person has done and is doing right and his or her strengths, assets, and resources. This approach not only improves the quality and effectiveness of substance abuse treatment for clients, but also creates a better working environment for staff.     

A Parametric Analysis of Rehearsal Opportunities on Procedural Integrity

Behavioral skills training (BST) involves instruction, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback. Despite its empirical support, the literature provides little to no guidance regarding the best way to implement rehearsal to ensure accurate implementation of behavioral procedures. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a parametric analysis of rehearsal opportunities within a BST package. We evaluated the effects of 1, 3, and 10 rehearsals with feedback on correct implementation of functional analysis (FA). Regardless of the number of rehearsals, 18 undergraduate participants effectively learned to implement FA conditions. The most efficient training involved the use of single rehearsals with feedback until meeting mastery criterion. Participants maintained integrity during a follow-up session and rated the use of rehearsal as highly acceptable.     

Cognitive model of patient aggression towards health care staff: The patient's perspective

Abstract

Aggression towards health care staff has become the focus for research as well as for government intervention. Negative effects upon staff and organizations have been established, yet few detailed explanations are offered for this aggression, and none represents the patient's perspective. This paper presents a model from the patient's perspective that takes account of situational variables, while also focusing upon patient cognitions. It also considers physiological responses related to arousal that might underpin aggression in an anxiety-provoking situation. In a previous study the frequency with which aggression was preceded by some anxiety-provoking event and the extent to which assailants displayed diminished cognitive processing were established; these were incorporated into the model. Increased anxiety commonly experienced by patients can have a negative effect upon cognitive processing. Anxiety generates a hyper-vigilance for threatening stimuli, induces selective attentional bias for threat, and causes a narrowing of attention, thus reducing cues and information upon which to make accurate appraisals and attributions. With such impairments, patients may make negative rather than positive attributions regarding actions of staff, which are frequently anxiety provoking. Thus, patients perceive staff behaviour as threatening rather than benign, and in the absence of positive attributions it will invoke an aggressive response. What health care staff perceive as aggression may be seen by patients as a defence against perceived attack. Changes in policy that take this into account may reduce future aggressive incidents.     

符号学视角下酒店员工印象管理研究

酒店的形象和服务质量都与酒店员工的符号化印象密切相关。目前酒店员工多是无意识地在进行着印象管理,为的是塑造良好的职业形象,提升服务水平,塑造良好的口碑,但对印象管理知识积累较少。酒店的员工可以利用印象管理的三种策略:理想化策略、自我监控策略、补救策略来打造自己在客人面前的形象,以达到更有效的自我印象管理。