Does differential response make a difference: examining domestic violence cases in child protection services

Large numbers of domestic violence (DV) cases on child protection caseloads have necessitated the development of practices that address both DV and child safety. The first step in this process is to gain an understanding of the differences between DV‐involved cases and other forms of maltreatment. The implementation of a differential response service model in Ontario offered an opportunity to compare risk assessment ratings, service outcomes and recurrence and to identify pathways of DV cases through child protection services (CPS). A sample (n = 785) of child protection investigations over a 4‐month period was examined. Of these investigations, 26% cases were DV referred; 87% of the DV victims were mothers; perpetrating partners were mostly absent from investigations; non‐white families were more often investigated for DV than white families; and DV cases were more likely to remain open for ongoing CPS. Only one‐third of DV‐exposed children were assessed as having been harmed and most community referrals were made for the victim parent. Mothers were the primary target of investigation, remaining in CPS for extended service provision although recurrence rates were lower than found in other investigations. Results are discussed to inform investigative procedures, assessment and service response to more adequately respond to children and families when DV is present.     

Consequences of Domestic Violence against Women: Some Reflections from Rural Bangladesh

The aim of this study was to explore the consequences of domestic violence against rural Bangladeshi women. Drawing on in‐depth qualitative phenomenological interviews with 39 female victims of domestic violence from 8 rural settings of the Netrokona and Mymensingh districts, it was found that domestic violence not only causes serious consequences to the overall health and wellbeing of victims, it also causes negative impacts to their children and family members. For victims, consequences were physical, sexual, reproductive, psychological, and economic. For the children of the victims, consequences were mostly behavioral and psychological, while for family members of the victims, consequences were mainly economic and psychological. This study has significant academic implications because it could trace the consequences of domestic violence in a three dimensional manner. Based on empirical findings, this study proposes policy recommendations, such as campaigning against domestic violence and the proper implementation of laws related to domestic violence.     

不确定性防范与城市务工人员主观幸福感：基于反事实框架的研究

本文基于2007年中国家庭收入调查数据,评估了不确定性防范对城市务工人员的影响,并获得了一些重要发现：(1)不同类型的不确定性防范措施对影响居民主观幸福感存在着显著差异,参与养老保险、失业保险和工伤保险能够显著提高城市务工人员主观幸福感,但参与医疗保险对城市务工人员主观幸福感没有显著影响;(2)四种不确定性防范手段对城市务工人员之间主观幸福感差异的总贡献率接近10%,其中参与失业保险的贡献率最大。进一步研究发现,城市务工人员主观幸福感变化符合享乐适应理论,即随着不确定性防范措施的逐步实施推广,城市务工人员的主观幸福感可能会返回到未采取不确定性防范措施前的水平。     

人民币资本项目开放的理论探讨

随着合格境外机构投资者制度(QFII)的推出,我国正在逐步放松对资本项目的管制,加大资本项目开放的力度。但在开放过程中,有三个问题显得尤为重要:一是如何认识在存在着较多风险的情况下,我国加快资本项目开放的必然性;二是如何选择开放次序,从而使开放过程风险可控有序地推进;三是如何分析和防范开放过程中的各类风险,以保证宏观经济的稳定。本文就这些问题进行了探讨。     

The Boy Scouts of America: Slowly Changing

ABSTRACT

The Boy Scouts of America National Executive Board (BSA) recently changed its longstanding policy of excluding gay youth up to the age of 18. Gay participants of its coed Venturing program would be allowed to be members until the age of 21. However, lesbians and homosexuals are still not permitted to be troop leaders. This article discusses the evolution of the change in BSA’s policy, discusses the timeline of other proposals in regard to BSA’s acceptance of gay youth, and suggests that changes in public opinion and the reaction of BSAs stakeholders lead to changes in the BSA policy. The BSA made a change to become more compatible with the environment in which it operates.     

An extension of play against the random past strategy. Choosing the right experts on IBM forecasts

In sequential plays with two players, the players have the opportunity to use information on opponents’ past moves in selecting a move for the current stage. Strategies for Player II are considered in our study, in particular, play against the random past (PRP) strategy. In this paper, PRP strategy will be reviewed and discussed. Hannan consistency of PRP strategy in term of regret (difference in average loss and an envelope loss) on k-extended Bayes envelope risk problem in matching binary bits game will be shown. The simulation of two-experts selection problem on real experts’ forecasting data of IBM share earnings confirms the consistency of PRP strategy.     

毛文龙的抗金斗争对朝鲜政治社会的影响

毛文龙在辽东地区开展抗金斗争期间,举旗招募辽民,扩充武装队伍,不断袭扰后金属地,离间朝鲜与后金的关系,与明朝形成"犄角之势",使后金政权"不能无东顾之虞",为延缓后金军的西进,立下悍马功劳,"其功亦不浅"。但是,随着军事势力的不断扩大,日益变得骄横跋扈,其行为不仅影响了明朝政府的军事战略,而且对朝鲜的政治、经济、国防等诸多方面带来了不利影响,损害了朝鲜政府和人民的利益,成为朝鲜之"深患"。其影响,概括起来有以下几方面:一是监督朝鲜,迫使朝鲜政府改变保持中立的"两端"外交政策;二是直接干预朝鲜内政,勒索军需物资,侵掠乡闾,扰乱朝鲜的社会经济秩序;三是专制朝鲜政府,欺瞒"天朝",为其歌功颂德;四是引燃战火,殃及朝鲜,致使朝鲜政府丧权辱国,朝鲜人民遭受战争的灾难。     

北京市民众关于电信诈骗防御能力研究

2009年,北京市民众遭遇电信诈骗的损失高达3.2亿元。本研究的数据来源于"北京市民众对电信诈骗的防御能力评估调查"。通过研究发现:青年人和中年人,随着年龄的增长,防御能力增强,40～49岁达到顶峰;50岁之后年龄越大,防御能力反而越差。人们的防御能力与受教育程度及收入均成正比。防骗知识与信息的欠缺容易给犯罪分子留下可乘之机。建议有关部门下一步的预防工作重点应放在防骗知识的普及方面,以巩固前期取得的良好成果,使得民众在思想上、知识上都具有抵御诈骗行为的"免疫"能力。     

论我国刑事错案的成因及解决机制

由于各种因素影响,我国刑事错案时有发生。错案的发生不仅严重侵害公民的合法权益,也使刑事诉讼的目的无从实现。司法体制不健全、无罪推定原则的缺失、不合理的证人出庭制度等都是导致我国刑事错案发生的根本原因。因此,必须进一步健全司法体制,完善刑事诉讼的相关制度并转变执法理念,将错案遏制在最小范围内,最终促成立法的不断完善。     

发展中国家对华反倾销的特点、原因及影响

根据WTO统计,1995年至2008年全球共有29个国家或地区对中国发起反倾销调查。其中,由印度、阿根廷等发展中国家发起的反倾销调查超过2/3,成为对华进行反倾销调查的主力军;而以欧美为首的西方发达国家却退居其次。文章主要分析了发展中国家对华反倾销的特点、原因及影响。