征地过程中的退出意愿、受偿诉求与行为策略——基于被征地者视角的本土研究述评

进入经济高速增长期和社会快速转型期的中国，导致了被征地者这一焦点群体的迅速激增。作为征地制度改革和基层社会治理的重要承载体，该群体在征地过程中的退出意愿、受偿诉求与行为策略等问题已得到不少本土情景下的实证研究的重视，形成了一系列有影响的研究成果。围绕“退出意愿”，研究者提出了个体特征论、家庭结构论、空间区位论、发展期望论、身份锚定论、政策认知论六种理论假说。围绕“受偿诉求”，除了通常作为谈判之焦点的补偿数额，学者们也揭示出被征地者对于分配方案、程序正义、生存保障的诉求。围绕“行为策略”，研究者主要通过博弈模型、案例分析两种方法进行研究。尽管部分研究已经呈现了上述三个维度之间交融沟通的趋势，但三者各自为阵的孤立局面依旧存在。如何促成被征地者的类型知识、需求学说和行动理论之间的逻辑联结，揭示其中的内在机制，建立出一套整合性框架，应当成为下一步的精进方向。     

Sharing beyond Slacktivism: the effect of socially observable prosocial media sharing on subsequent offline helping behavior

New forms of youth social and political participation have been termed ‘Slacktivism’ – low-cost online forms of social engagement that decrease subsequent offline participation. Previous experimental work has provided support for a ‘Slacktivism effect,’ but it is unclear if this theoretical model applies to youth media sharing on social networking sites. This study uses a novel sharing simulation paradigm to test the effect of publicly vs. anonymously sharing a social cause video on subsequent willingness to engage in offline helping behavior. Results show that publicly (as compared to anonymously) sharing a selected video on one’s own Facebook wall led to a greater willingness to volunteer for an issue-related cause. Participants’ existing use of social media for engagement in social issues/causes moderated the effect, such that only participants low in use of social media for social engagement were susceptible to the sharing manipulation. Implications for reconceptualizing media sharing as a unique form of online participation beyond ‘Slacktivism’ are discussed.     

The choice among past trends as a basis for the prediction of future trends in old-age mortality

We explored the extent to which projections of future old-age mortality trends differ when different projection bases are used. For seven European countries, four alternative sets of annual rates of mortality change were estimated with age–period log-linear regression models, and subsequently applied to age-specific all-cause mortality rates (80+) in 1999 to predict mortality levels up to 2050. On average, up to 2050, e80 is predicted to increase further by 2.33 years among men and 4.03 years among women. Choosing a historical period of 25 instead of 50 years results in higher predicted gains in e80 for men but lower gains for women. Choosing non-smoking-related mortality instead of all-cause mortality leads to higher gains for women and mixed results for men. In all alternatives there is a strong divergence of predicted mortality levels between the countries. Future projections should be preceded by a thorough study of past trends and their determinants.     

Retirement Villages

No abstract available for this article.     

Environmental Barriers and Housing Accessibility Problems Over a One-Year Period in Later Life in Three European Countries

Abstract

The objective of this study was to describe environmental barriers and investigate the nature of accessibility problems in housing among single-living, very old people (N = 1,150) in urban regions in three European countries (Sweden, Germany, Latvia), in a one-year perspective. A specific feature of this study is the explicit conceptual differentiation between environmental barriers and accessibility problems, underlying the presentation of the following results: Environmental barriers were very common, and in all three national samples the 20 most prevalent environmental barriers were found in 77–98% of all dwellings investigated. The magnitudes of accessibility problems were similar among the three samples and did not change over one year, while differences were indicated in the types of environmental barriers generating accessibility problems.     

"三个代表"思想是建党学说与唯物史观高度统一的典范

“三个代表”思想与历史唯物主义的基本原理是完全一致、一脉相承的。党是先进生产力的代表 ,其理论依据为生产力是社会发展的最终决定力量 ,它是保持党的先进性的物质基础。党是先进文化的代表与社会意识的能动作用的原理是一致的 ,它是保持党的先进性的思想条件。党是人民利益的忠实代表与群众史观是相符合的 ,它是保持党的先进性的群众基础和社会力量。     

以民为本:着力解决事关群众切身利益的突出问题

党要始终代表最广大人民的根本利益 ,既是实践党的宗旨所需要 ,也是深入学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想的根本要求。为此不仅党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策都必须把人民的根本利益作为出发点和归宿 ,更要在各项工作中坚持以民为本的思想 ,着力解决事关广大人民群众切身利益的突出问题 ,要抓准、抓实在和切实抓出成效     

试论"三个代表"与"人民代表"

"三个代表"是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,也是新时期人大工作的指导思想."人民代表"(通称人大代表)是我国根本政治制度的基石和组成细胞,是实现"人民当家作主"和体现"一切权力属于人民"的社会主义民主的重要途径.在人大工作中,特别是在人民代表大会的代表制度建设中,落实"三个代表"的要求,是新时期所面临的新要求、新任务和新挑战.     

越位的人道主义:“五四”启蒙残缺性的再反思

人道主义的博爱信念曾经吸引了一大批仁人志士 ,但他们又不同程度地将这个舶来的思潮与中国传统的仁道、民本理念相比附 ,于是 2 0世纪尤其是“五四”时期便发生了一系列的“事故” :从民本主义到人道主义再到社会主义 ,我们的“事故”之所以多发 ,主要原因还在那个糊里糊涂的“爱”上。     

周公是整合中国文化的第一位圣人

周公对远古和夏商文化的整合与发展做出了巨大贡献,他确立了敬德保民的统治思想,发展、健全了西周制度文化,整理、修订了"六经",为儒学的创立奠定了文化基础,使中国由自然宗教发展为具有伦理宗教水平的文化形态.因此,周公是整合中国文化的第一位圣人,在中国文化史上有重要的地位.