试论反垄断的理论基础

本文认为经济自由主义、经济民主主义及相应的法学思想是反垄断的三大思想理论基础。经济自由主义思想主要贯穿在竞争理论中,竞争理论的变化发展过程也是反垄断的立法与实践的变化发展过程。经济民主主义呼唤民主与自由,强调机会平等与权利平等,对反垄断的影响较晚。从权利本位到社会本位,单个企业的利益要服从国家经济利益和社会整体利益,既促进了反垄断法的形成,也预示着反垄断是大势所趋。     

大学与城市竞争力——对建设沈阳大学名城的思考

阐述了国内外大学在国家经济发展中的重要地位和巨大作用,并指出沈阳在具备了优良高等教育的环境下,在新的历史发展时期,应努力把沈阳建设成为一座"大学名城"。论述了在城市的经济发展中,应发挥大学的科研人才优势,为社会的发展作出更大的贡献。     

我国商业银行合作竞争的意义及策略选择

合作竞争作为一种新的竞争方式,对我国商业银行的意义不像其他国际银行那样是获取规模经济和范围经济效益,而主要是增强竞争有效性,降低经营成本,提高经营效率,从而提升我国银行整体竞争力和核心竞争力,进而提高银行经营效益.选择适当的国际战略合作伙伴以及力争在合作竞争组织中获取最大经济利益,是我国银行合作竞争的策略选择重点.前者可以在"3C"原则基础上运用德尔菲法和层次分析法比较确定,后者可以综合考虑现有理论提出的多劳多得、风险补偿和效用最大三个原则及其模型,运用改进的群体重心模型来确定体现公平原则的最优收益分配方案.     

新疆入境外国游客客源市场分析基于亲景度、竞争态及SSM

分析新疆入境外国游客客源市场,明确市场的发展现状、存在问题和未来趋势,更有利于旅游业快速发展。运用亲景度、竞争态和SSM方法,借助有关统计数据,从不同角度探讨新疆入境外国游客客源市场的研究结果表明:各客源国入境外国游客对新疆的整体亲景度稳中下降;市场竞争态整体良好,但某些客源国市场增长率明显缓慢;市场竞争力在全国较强,但市场结构欠佳。针对各客源市场的不同,提出了相应的发展对策。     

论开放世界中的中国特色社会主义——与资本主义关系的视角

从历史的长时段来看,科学社会主义诞生以来,资本主义和社会主义的关系突出表现为制度"优越性"的较量与竞争。资本主义的"累积优势"和社会主义作为新生事物的"后发优势"在较量与竞争中得以呈现。中国共产党人在坚持马克思科学社会主义理论基本原理的基础上,立足中国实际,吸收和借鉴资本主义等一切文明的先进成果,使得中国特色社会主义较之传统社会主义和民主社会主义等"他者"彰显了"特色"。中国特色社会主义正以"后发优势"逐渐消解资本主义的"累积优势"。     

Empirical information criteria for time series forecasting model selection

In this article, we propose a new empirical information criterion (EIC) for model selection which penalizes the likelihood of the data by a non-linear function of the number of parameters in the model. It is designed to be used where there are a large number of time series to be forecast. However, a bootstrap version of the EIC can be used where there is a single time series to be forecast. The EIC provides a data-driven model selection tool that can be tuned to the particular forecasting task.

We compare the EIC with other model selection criteria including Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Schwarz’s Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The comparisons show that for the M3 forecasting competition data, the EIC outperforms both the AIC and BIC, particularly for longer forecast horizons. We also compare the criteria on simulated data and find that the EIC does better than existing criteria in that case also.     

港航城市之竞合关系及其法律规制——以上海建设国际航运中心为切入点

长三角区域内外各大港航城市在合作与竞争问题上已经展开并将长期存在一系列博弈,但是这种博弈目前还处于低效和失范状态。这很大程度上源于背后的内在体制冲突、地方政府的盲目绩效冲动以及立法的缺失和滞后,需要《中华人民共和国宪法》、《中华人民共和国立法法》、《中华人民共和国反垄断法》对其做出一一回应。通过有效的法律规制引导合作向深度发展,变对抗的竞争为合作的竞争,确保港航城市合作与竞争在法制统一原则下进行,才能够最大程度地在良性竞合关系中实现国际竞争力的提高,并推动区域内外经济的协调发展和全国性统一大市场的形成和完善。     

Institutional Diversity and Performance in African Cotton Sectors

This article analyses the performance of cotton sectors across East, Southern, and West Africa, paying particular attention to the wide diversity of institutional arrangements that they now exhibit. It finds strong support for earlier contentions regarding trade‐offs between competition and coordination, and between the roles of public and private sectors. New insights provide concrete and context‐specific guidance to policy‐makers and stakeholders regarding the key challenges they will face and the risks they will need to manage as they work to improve productivity and ensure an equitable division of benefits within cotton sectors.     

The Symbolic Dilemmas of Suburban Poverty: Challenges and Opportunities Posed by Variations in the Contours of Suburban Poverty1

Poverty has increased significantly in U.S. suburbs since the 1990s. What we know about suburban poverty is largely limited to demographic and economic information. Building off the organizational perspective approach, I use in‐depth interviews with nonprofit, antipoverty organizations in eight Pennsylvania suburbs to better understand the suburban poverty experience. My focus is on how organizations compete for external resources. By working directly with the poverty problem while also working in broader metropolitan political and economic fields of decision making, this “middleman” role ( Marwell, 2007 ) gives us insights into contemporary poverty dynamics for suburbs. I find that how suburban organizational leaders perceive the challenges they face, and what strategies they adopt to confront such difficulties, revolves around symbolic dilemmas posed by the history, distribution, and politics of poverty in the suburbs. Symbolic dilemmas cluster around three different situational contexts of poverty in the suburbs. I use this to develop a three‐part typology of suburban poverty: symbiotic suburbs, skeletal suburbs, and overshadowed suburbs. This typology has implications for future research and for policymakers interested in developing tools to appropriately address this pressing issue.     

试论我国民族品牌及其运营

优秀的品牌不仅在竞争中会处优势地位,而且会给企业带来巨大利润.随着我国进入WTO,中国将进入国际品牌竞争时代.因此,在新形势下,我国企业只有科学运作经营自己的优秀品牌才能抢占市场,走出一条成功之路.