四因融一的诗学品质和两因兼备的创作方法——论易卜生的戏剧诗学特质及其渊源

易卜生戏剧的独特品质与魅力是由"现实精神、哲学睿智、宗教尺度、诗想神思"四因融一的诗学品质和"再现＼表现"两因兼备的创作方法所达成,这使其创作具有了超越狭隘流派之上的万脉归一、众美兼备、高标孤峙的大师品质与现代品质.其形成则根源于个人经历、民族历史、地域环境和文化渊源及戏剧诗学传统的影响,在欧洲戏剧诗学理念的嬗变中,完成了由古希腊的人神(自然)对峙的大宇宙悲剧观(宇宙--自由)、莎士比亚代表的近代的人我互争的小宇宙悲剧观(社会--欲望)向现代的人性分裂的人类学悲剧观(人--本质)的嬗变,这既是一次综合,又是一次飞跃.因而具有极其重大的美学意义.     

后现代消费文化的"审美焦虑"

“后现代消费文化”对传统文艺学、美学的发展与创新提出了崭新的课题。面对社会转型特别是文化转型,“日常生活审美化”、“图像挤压文字”等诸多现象,引发了学界与大众对后现代消费文化的审美焦虑,从而呼唤传统美学理论的发展与创新。本文围绕“文化转型”、“生活审美化”、“文字与图像的紧张”等相关问题展开必要的言说与回应。     

从数码艺术的审美特性探讨其价值取向

数码艺术是技术与美学、科学与艺术相结合的产物。数码艺术家将其非凡的想像力与数字技术相结合,显示出其特有的艺术内涵、思维和存在方式,改变了传统的创造观念和审美趣味,其审美特性与价值取向也越来越引起社会各界的关注。     

论块垒

"诗可以怨"、"愤怒出诗人"等说法表明,作家的人生感悟是产生创作冲动、进入创作过程的原点,也是整个文学活动的起点。我们筛选出"块垒"来表示作家的人生感悟的郁积状态。块垒源于日常生活中的感悟,是渗透着深刻理性的情意状态,来自于实践精神的掌握世界方式,并处于向艺术的掌握世界方式转化过程中的产物。块垒在文学创作中,一是作为"受动之始"的情绪记忆,二是驱动创作活动的内在激情,三是作为蓄势待发的心理定势,最后将会变成作家头脑中的生气灌注的意象世界,即文学作品的雏形。块垒是作家酝酿、孕育作品的心理活动,应该成为文学理论体系中的元问题。     

Warranted inferences of mediation and possibility of a threshold effect: Verifying the mediating effects of anger in situational crisis communication theory

Scholars have called for communication research to verify the causal claims of mediation models from a research design perspective, instead of only proving mediation statistically. This study validates whether and how anger mediates the causal effects of crisis types on publics’ responses in Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), including reputation, negative word-of-mouth intention, and purchase intention in China. Two experiments were conducted based on the experimental-causal-chain design. Results in Study 1 demonstrate that the causal relationships between three crisis types and publics’ emotional and other responses in China are consistent with findings in Western contexts. In Study 2, the results of a 2 (anger: low, high) x 3 (crisis types: victim crisis, accidental crisis, preventable crisis) factorial experiment reveal significant mediating effects of anger on publics’ responses in the victim and accidental crisis conditions, but not for preventable crises. This novel finding suggests the possibility of a threshold effect of anger in the mediating process. Specifically, anger has a mediating effect on publics’ responses when it is below the high-anger threshold. However, anger may no longer be the mediator when it exceeds this threshold. This finding empirically challenges the common assumption that emotions have a linear relationship with publics’ responses, thus offering a new research avenue and deeper understanding of how emotions function in crises. Therefore, this research serves as a pioneer, calling for future studies to validate other theories involving mediation to yield fruitful insights.     

论“思”的实质及其临床意义

中医的“七情学说”始于《内经》时代，其中的“思”历来被解释为“思虑”、“思考”等思维活动的内容。通过多种方法论证、指出“思”的内涵是情绪活动，类同于“抑郁（Ｄｅｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ）”情绪，并认为对“思”的新解具有积极的和现实的临床意义。     

Measuring feelings about choices and risks: The Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI)

We introduce a brief instrument specifically validated for measuring positive and negative feelings about risks—the Berlin Emotional Responses to Risk Instrument (BERRI). Based on seven studies involving diverse adults from three countries (n = 2120), the BERRI was found to robustly estimate anticipatory affective reactions derived from subjective evaluations of positive (i.e., assured, hopeful, and relieved) and negative emotions (i.e., anxious, afraid, and worried). The brief BERRI outperformed a 14-item assessment, uniquely tracking costs/benefits associated with cancer screening among men and women (Studies 1 and 2). Predictive validity was further documented in paradigmatic risky choice studies wherein options varied over probabilities and severities across six contexts (health, social, financial, technological, ethical, and environmental; Study 3). Studies 4–6, conducted during the Ebola epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic, indicated BERRI responses were sensitive to subtle effects caused by emotion-related framing manipulations presented in different cultures and languages (the United States, Spain, and Poland). Study 7 indicated BERRI responses remained stable for 2 weeks. Although the BERRI can provide an estimate of overall affect, choices were generally better explained by the unique influences of positive and negative affect. Overall, results suggest the novel, brief instrument can be an efficient tool for high-stakes research on decision making and risk communication.     

A personal reflection of risking and protecting lives during the third wave of the coronavirus pandemic

In this paper, I engage with my personal experiences and reflections regarding my fear of exposure to coronavirus in a collective and physically demonstrative society. I reflect on my ongoing struggle of coping with social and cultural pressures, for example, the avoidance of ‘touch’ that demonstrates care and affection irrespective of whether someone is ill with the virus. Developed during the third wave of the pandemic, this paper reveals the ambivalence and the emotional challenges involved therein as I tried to (re)negotiate social interactions. It reflects the resistance and denial of the people that coronavirus even exists as they tried to justify their illness by linking it with other known diseases. Hence, the majority disapproved of social distancing to avoid stigmatization and being distanced from others. I believe that expressions of ‘care’ and ‘affection’ requires reconsideration in such circumstances as an act of care itself to protect lives.