论南北朝时期相人术对知识阶层的深刻影响

南北朝时期的相人术对社会产生了深刻的影响,而其中尤为突出的是其对知识阶层的影响——首先是史家对相人术的重视明显提升;其次是相人术文献更为普遍;第三是官员与皇帝中的看相者大大增加。究其原因,相人术自身的空前发展是这些影响的原动力;而社会动荡、当时注重相貌的风尚、玄学余波的影响、相人术自身的生命力等,则是相人术发展的深层原因。     

普罗科菲耶夫《亚历山大·涅夫斯基》中合唱队的创作特点

从音色角度出发,人声是最能够直接表达人类情感的"黄金声音"。在《亚历山大·涅夫斯基》这部作品中,普罗科菲耶夫充分重视这种"黄金声音"对作品内容的直接表达,从而有效地表现出战争中人性化的情感关怀。本文主要针对这部作品中合唱队的创作进行分析,由此剖析作曲家精妙的创作手法。     

当代美国资本主义的失衡：表象、根源及影响——对斯蒂格利茨《自由市场的坠落》中社会失衡问题的分析

斯蒂格利茨在《自由市场的坠落》一书中认为，美国金融与经济危机爆发的原因在于当代美国式资本主义失衡加剧，具体表现在市场作用和国家干预、个人主义和集体主义、人与自然、手段和目的之间的失衡达到了新的程度；危机表明至少美国这个特殊“版本”的资本主义系统存在根本缺陷。尽管认识到了这些失衡来源于系统的根本缺陷，但他没有说清楚根本缺陷是什么，并且认为经过变革可以修正资本主义系统。笔者认为，这些失衡仍是马克思阐述的资本主义基本矛盾，即生产的社会化和生产资料资本主义私人占有制这个根本失衡引发的；无论系统内部如何变革，都不能解决资本主义的失衡状态，结果只能是社会主义因素的逐步增长，并为未来社会主义的替代准备条件。     

海南省税务代理行业发展与对策研究

随着海南经济的快速复苏和发展，尤其是海南国际旅游岛建设步伐的加快，税务代理在海南作为新兴的中介服务行业又开始活跃起来。由于海南特殊的发展历史和独特的经济现实，使其对税务代理行业的制度设计、行业运行等有着特别的要求。分析并表达出这种独特性对税务代理业的特别要求，并提出符合国情省情、切合实际的解决方案，是研究的核心价值所在。     

我国机长权力法律规制的立法完善

机长权力是《东京公约》的重要内容,厘清机长权力的法律性质对规范机长权力以及维护航空安全有重要意义。机长权力是一种代理关系的表达,兼具私人代理与准行政代理的性质。机长权力中是否包含作为义务,可以说是权力中有没有义务这一争议话题的延伸。机长是飞机上权力最大的人,其权力实际上是一种包含作为义务的权力。机长权力是代理与自治的结合体,对其进行规制至关重要。对权力与义务的事前控制及约束,对规范机长权力的行使以及保护刑法所保护的生命法益尤为关键,应为立法所重视。     

Exercising moral agency in the contexts of objective reality: toward an integrated account of ethical consumption

This paper engages with two contrasting approaches to conceptualising and studying consumer behaviour that appear to dominate existing research on consumption. On one hand, agency‐focused perspectives take an individual consumer to be the primary author of practice and a basic unit of analysis. On the other hand, socio‐centric paradigms focus on the social roots of consumption activities and the wider societal contexts in which they take place. The need to provide a more balanced view of consumption phenomena has been acknowledged, yet not adequately acted upon. This paper begins to fill this gap through relevant theoretical and empirical contributions. First, we provide a critical review of the dominant theoretical perspectives on consumption in general and ethical consumption in particular, highlight their key ontological assumptions and explain how they preclude a fuller understanding of the ways in which consumer practices are moulded and shaped. Taking a critical realist approach, we then present the findings from qualitative analysis of consumers' ethical food practices to empirically demonstrate the role of human agency and social structure in creating and shaping ethical consumption. Thus, by means of theoretical analysis and empirical research this paper responds to the call for a more comprehensive understanding of consumption and provides a consolidated account of consumer behaviour which acknowledges and explains the complex ensemble of individual and systemic powers in which consumer practices are contained.     

Methadone Maintenance as Last Resort: A Social Phenomenology of a Drug Policy

Drawing on qualitative interviews with drug addicts in Copenhagen, Denmark, this article offers a phenomenological reading of a methadone maintenance program. The program is set within the principles of harm reduction, meaning that its aim is not to cure the participants’ addiction but to keep them stable on substitution medicine and slow the deterioration of their lives. We analyze the program’s implications for participants’ sense of agency and constraint and for their orientations toward the past, present, and future. A major concern is with the program as a last resort policy that challenges neoliberal ideals of self‐governance and self‐development. While the program increases the participants’ sense of stability by providing them with methadone and by allowing them to better address their economic, housing, and other needs of everyday life, it also represents a context of physical, emotional, and social dependence. The interviews cast the program as a paradox that simultaneously increases participants’ sense of stability and vulnerability. In essence, the Danish methadone program has the effect of both helping the participants by reducing the drug‐related harm in their lives and of fostering conditions of inferiorization and enduring nonbecoming.     

Setting Performance Goals for Adoption Services

ABSTRACT

Adoption is one of the several goals for child welfare services when children cannot remain at home. Adoption does not, however, become a goal of child welfare services unless family reunification cannot occur. Further, adoption is also not always the appropriate goal when children are living with relatives available to reunify. Yet, President Clinton's Adoption 2002 initiative offers incentives for adoptions that only depend on the number of adoptions, not on their relationship to reunifications. California's adoption initiative takes a different but also oversimplified approach to setting adoption standards by basing them on the number of adoptions per adoption worker. Under these approaches, agencies that increase their reunifications and keep their adoptions constant are not rewarded and agencies that decrease their reunifications and increase their adoptions are rewarded. This can create a misunderstanding of the program as antifamily and resentment toward adoptions. Agencies' adoption rates should be rewarded only after estimating the pool of adoptable children and taking the likelihood of reunification into account. A model for estimating these factors is presented.     

The Subjectivity of Habitus

Departing from Bourdieu's collective habitus, this essay develops a theory of the subjectivity of habitus, meaning the social‐psychological processes comprising the agent and fueling deliberation. By incorporating George Ainslie's theory of the will and deliberation as the intertemporal bargaining of a population of interests, I theorize the “saturated agent” composed of an economy of interests, analogous to Bourdieu's “economy of practices” invested and saturated with cultural capital. Here culturally saturated interests negotiate strategically within the agent, with the ending balance constituting the habitus. Additionally, reflexivity becomes amenable to habitus as “desaturation” or suspending the commitment to a set of culturally saturated interests as a result of a crisis, followed by “resaturation”, the restructuring of the economy of interests.     

当代刑讯逼供之刑事政策及启示

刑讯逼供在中国属于非法行为,但由于＂活法＂的力量使其在现实层面仍顽强存在。尽管当代刑事政策对刑讯逼供的禁止具有某种不彻底性,但仍然体现出巨大的历史进步意义。促使刑讯逼供刑事政策变动的真正原因并非启蒙时代人权教义或原则的提出,以科学技术为代表的人类物质文明的迅猛发展才使人道观念的实现具有可能性。只有科技进步才是遏制刑讯逼供的决定性力量。