霍兰的涌现性思想评析

霍兰在复杂性系统科学方面提出复杂自适应系统(CAS)理论.他提出的涌现性理论对创新研究具有重要意义.对霍兰的科学思想渊源关系、遗传算法、CAS理论、涌现性方面的奠基性工作加以详细研究和评述,进而确立了霍兰在遗传算法、复杂性系统科学上的奠基性地位.     

生态伦理观与法律本位

生态伦理观主张将人类道德关怀和调节的范围从人与人的关系扩大到人与动植物、人与自然的关系。受其影响,有学者提出法律本位应当向生态本位转变的观点。在分析法律生态本位观念可能造成的一些不良影响及其具体实施的不可行性和不现实性后,提出应当继续倡扬法律的社会权利本位观念,并吸纳生态伦理观的合理成分,加大对生态环境的保护力度,以实现人的全面发展和人与自然的和谐。     

对反现代化思潮的反思

本文对反现代化思潮的一般特征进行了概括 ,在指出了该思潮局限性的基础上 ,重点阐述了其存在价值和现实意义     

论国际互联网对旅行社业的冲击

进入 2 1世纪以后 ,旅游越来越被普通老百姓所接受 ,旅行社作为旅游业的三大支柱之一 ,前景光明。但随着国际互联网的出现和广泛使用 ,给传统旅行社带来了巨大威胁。本文在详细论述互联网给旅行社带来冲击的基础上 ,指出在互联网影响下旅行社存在发展的机遇 ,提出旅行社生存发展的具体对策。     

文化转型与鲁迅的直译理论

对鲁迅的直译理论和翻译实践的评价历来微词颇多,角度也多是直译与意译的“信、达、雅”之争。在多元系统论的理论框架下,鲁迅的直译理论有其文化意义和时代特征,鲁迅的直译理论所植根的思想文化土壤使其具有科学性的同时也带有必然性。     

我国实施股票期权制度的障碍及对策研究

股票期权制度的出现 ,是现代经济发展的必然产物 ,有着深刻的经济理论与实践背景。代理理论是股票期权制度的前提 ,人力资本产权理论是股票期权制度的核心。企业实施股票期权制度 ,必须设计一个完整可行的股票期权计划 ,但是我国目前存在着一些实施股票期权制度的障碍 ,本文就实施股票期权的主要障碍提出一些对策建议     

元稹诗三议

本文是对元稹诗歌创作、文集流布、道德评价等问题的全面论述,既吸收了学术界已有的研究成果,又融入了我们自己的心得体会,希望有助于相关问题的进一步讨论。     

International Tax Competition: A Case for International Cooperation in Globalization

The liberalization of international financial flows and foreign direct investment has induced countries to use diverse measures to attract inflow of foreign capital and foreign direct investment, which is expected to have a positive effect on the growth of GDP and thus a positive effect on social welfare. Tax exemption, reduction of tax rate, tax holiday, or diverse subsidies are some of the most important measures used. In this paper we study international tax cooperation, i.e., countries change and especially reduce tax rate for corporate income or for asset revenues to attract inflow of foreign direct investment. Both theoretical and empirical studies have shown the sensibility of foreign direct investment decision with respect to tax rate differences between home countries and host countries. In general, more inflow of foreign direct investment can be expected if the tax rate of the home country is lower than that of foreign countries. This is the main reason for international tax cooperation. In this paper we propose a simple model to prove the sub-optimal Nash non cooperative solution in a two-country tax-competition game. The model shows that international tax cooperation can improve welfare of the participating countries. How to reach a cooperative solution for an international tax competition game (ITCG) is therefore an important issue for further discussions and studies. International institutions can play a crucial role to reach international tax cooperation or international tax harmonization.     

Economic Determinants of Net International Migration in Western Europe

This paper aims to estimate theinfluence of economic determinants on netinternational migration in Western Europe inthe period 1960–1998. Net migration rates(i.e., population growth minus natural increase,divided by the midyear population) constitutethe dependent variable. The economicdeterminants used in this study are GDP percapita, unemployment, and average educationallevel (amount of human capital) of thepopulation. Time series regression models havebeen used in country-specific analyses. Inaddition, a pooled cross-sectional time seriesanalysis has been made. The analyses suggestthat GDP per capita has a positive effect andunemployment a negative effect on a country'snet international migration.     

Queers,Bodies and Postmodern Sexualities: A Note on Revisiting the “Sexual” in Symbolic Interactionism

This article reflects on the linkage between developments in symbolic interactionist theory over the past thirty years and the sociological study of the social construction of sexualities. After some personal reflections on the development of the theory, four main themes are highlighted: the links to postmodernism and queer theory; the paths to new research styles; some internal problems with the theory; and the need to reinstall the importance of the body. The article concludes that symbolic interactionism remains a major approach to the study of sexuality.