毛泽东的农业合作化思想及对中国农业现代化的启示

土地改革完成后 ,为发展工业 ,毛泽东领导中国走上了一条改变农业经营方式 ,使小农经济向集体经营、规模发展的农业合作化道路 ,对中国农业进行了社会主义改造 ,为今天中国农业现代化提供了诸多启示     

加入WTO后西北地区农业发展思路探讨

西北地区农业土地资源人均拥有量上与全国相比具有比较优势 ,但其农村经济、农民收入远落后于东部地区 ,加入 WTO后会对西北地区粮食供给、传统的以粮棉油为主的种植业、农产品加工业、农民收入和农民就业产生负面影响 ,对此 ,政府应加快对农业的管理体制改革 ,建立统一完善的农产品贸易的市场运作机制 ,进行农业产业结构的调整 ,改革农业经营模式     

发展农业适度规模经营的思考与对策

在分析农业适度规模发展现状及制约因素基础上 ,研究并提出应用市场机制、调整产业结构、优化农村生产要素 ,发展农业适度规模经营的思路、途径和对策     

The Role of Family Income in the Intergenerational Association of AFDC Receipt

Daughters from low‐income families who did not receive Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) are compared to daughters from low‐income families who did receive assistance to better account for family income in the intergenerational association of AFDC. The research models the timing of a daughter's first birth and, for those who become mothers, the number of years a daughter receives any AFDC. Women whose families received AFDC during their childhood are more likely to receive AFDC as adults relative to those women whose families did not receive AFDC. Controlling for family income in a more careful and comprehensive way than past research explains part but not all of the effects of childhood AFDC receipt. Among daughters from chronically poor families, however, parental AFDC use is not associated with additional years of AFDC participation. Although the present research cannot confirm or deny a causal role for parental welfare use, the intergenerational transmission of financial resources does explain part of the intergenerational association of welfare use.     

台湾现代农业资讯及其对福建现代农业的启示

概述近年台湾现代农业的发展状况,包括以现代科技发展精致农业,以知识经济发展附加值产业,以宏观视野保护生态资源,以农业资讯与农民辅导促进农业发展的工作进展与成效,以期为了解台湾现代农业发展概况和促进两岸农业科教交流提供最新资讯。提出其对福建发展现代农业的启示。     

邓小平农业战略思想与安徽农业和农村的发展

在我国改革开放与社会主义现代化建设实践中逐步形成的邓小平农业战略思想,是邓小平理论的重要组成部分。它有力地指导并推动着我国农业与农村的改革与发展。改革开放以来,安徽农业与农村获得巨大发展。这既是邓小平农业战略思想的直接成果,反过来又在实践中检验了邓小平农业战略思想的科学性及巨大指导作用。     

Making ends meet: perceptions of poverty in Sweden

During the era after the Second World War, Sweden has built a welfare system based on labor market participation and income maintenance. Low unemployment and decent wages are supposed to guarantee people a labor market income or income maintenance, which in turn should provide a proper standard for everyone. However, a rapid increase in unemployment and economic problems have made the future of the Swedish welfare state more uncertain than ever. These circumstances have, among other things, led to the suggestion that Sweden should abandon the income maintenance policy and create a social policy system with the more limited ambition of guaranteeing everyone a minimum income. In that case, one central question must be answered: what constitutes a decent minimum income in today's Sweden? Where should we draw the poverty line under which people will not be forced to live? These questions are central in the current debate. The consensual poverty line method is used in this article to derive a poverty line relevant for today's Sweden. The results shows that more than every fifth household has an income below the consensual poverty line. That is, they have an income that most Swedes would argue is too low to make ends meet. The level of the consensual poverty line was compared with the National Board of Health and Welfare's guidelines for social assistance. The consensual poverty line was shown to be more generous to small households and the norm for social assistance was more generous to larger households. Finally, the expenditure for guaranteeing all Swedish household a minimum income equal to the consensual poverty line was estimated: more than SEK 25 billion per year. The results in the article casts serious doubt on the ability of the Swedish welfare state to secure a decent income to all citizens.     

水资源跨流域配置的经济学分析

由于我国水资源空间分布不均匀的突出特点 ,大型跨流域调水工程已经成为我国国民经济可持续发展的重要支撑。文章从水资源的经济特点出发 ,结合南水北调中线工程 ,对水资源跨流域配置的市场供求、成本收益等资源经济学问题进行了分析 ,并对社会主义市场经济条件下水资源跨流域配置的利益分配机制进行了探讨     

Who Gets What From Government? Distributional Consequences of Child‐Care Assistance Policies

Given the fragmented structure of child‐care assistance in the United States, it has been difficult to obtain accurate estimates of which families are assisted, through which mechanisms, and at what level. Making use of survey data from New York City, we analyze the distribution of several forms of public child‐care assistance. Results suggest that about 40% of all families with young children receive some form of child‐care assistance. Considering all forms of assistance, the distribution of child‐care help is targeted in both expected and some unexpected ways. Implications of these results are discussed in the context of U.S. child‐care policies governing access and benefit levels.     

农业技术进步的几个理论问题探讨

农业技术进步存在着内在的动力机制 ,但农业技术自身的特点和农业技术的应用者——农民知识技能落后、经济贫穷 ,又对其自主推进农业技术进步产生制约。政府和社会只有为农业技术发明和应用创造良好的政策环境 ,提供必要的资金支持 ,才能有效地促进农业技术进步。